基于阻抗仪的红松活立木年轮宽度辨识方法
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摘要
为了对树木年轮宽度进行精准辨识,研究一种基于阻抗仪的准无损活立木年轮宽度辨识方法。在凉水国家自然保护区的固定样地内,利用阻抗仪和生长锥分别采集活立木样本的阻抗数据和木芯样本,通过对阻抗数据的波形特征进行分析,构建一种活立木年轮宽度辨识方法,并对活立木样本的年轮宽度进行预测。最后对预测年轮宽度和真实年轮宽度(木芯样本分析所得)的关系进行统计分析,并建立相应的预测模型。基于阻抗波形数据预测的年轮宽度与真实年轮宽度差异很小。通过曲线拟合,幂函数模型反演真实年轮宽度的精度最高(R2=0.97)。这表明利用阻抗仪能够有效判定年轮宽度,且该方法具有快速方便、廉价和无损等优点,可能发展为一种通用方法。
In order to identify the tree ring width accurately,a Resistograph based method for standing tree ring width identification was studied. In a fixed plot of Liangshui National Nature Reserve,Resistograph waveform data and wood core samples of standing tree samples were collected using a Resistograph detector and a growth cone,respectively. By analyzing waveform characteristics of Resistograph data,a method for identifying standing tree ring width was constructed,and predicted annual ring width was obtained. Finally,relationship between predicted and true annual ring width( from wood core sample analysis) was statistically analyzed,some corresponding prediction models were established. Results showed that difference between predicted annual ring width by Resistograph waveform data and true annual ring width was small. By curve fitting,the power function model had the highest accuracy in retrieving true annual ring width( R2= 0. 97). It showed that Resistograph can effectively determine annual ring width. Due to its fast,convenient,cheap and non-destructive advantages,it may become a general method.
In order to identify the tree ring width accurately,a Resistograph based method for standing tree ring width identification was studied. In a fixed plot of Liangshui National Nature Reserve,Resistograph waveform data and wood core samples of standing tree samples were collected using a Resistograph detector and a growth cone,respectively. By analyzing waveform characteristics of Resistograph data,a method for identifying standing tree ring width was constructed,and predicted annual ring width was obtained. Finally,relationship between predicted and true annual ring width( from wood core sample analysis) was statistically analyzed,some corresponding prediction models were established. Results showed that difference between predicted annual ring width by Resistograph waveform data and true annual ring width was small. By curve fitting,the power function model had the highest accuracy in retrieving true annual ring width( R2= 0. 97). It showed that Resistograph can effectively determine annual ring width. Due to its fast,convenient,cheap and non-destructive advantages,it may become a general method.
引文
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[15]时小龙,王立海,徐华东,等.基于阻抗仪和ERT技术的红松内部腐朽定量检测[J].北京林业大学学报,2017,39(9):102-111.SHI X L,WANG L H,XU H D,et al.Quantitative detection of internal decay of Pinus koraiensis based on impedance meter and ERT technology[J].Journal of Beijing Forestry University,2017,39(9):102-111.
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[17]WU F M.Research progress of microwave nondestructive testing technology for standing trees[J].Forestry Machinery&Woodworking Equipment,2018,46(12):9-14.
[18]FRITTS H C,SWETNAM T W.Dendroecology:A tool for evaluation variation in past and present forest environments[J].Advances in Ecological Research,1989,19(4):111-188.
[2]DOUGLASS A E.Crossdating in dendrochronology[J].Journal of Forestry,1941,39(10):825-831.
[3]方克艳,陈秋艳,刘昶智,等.树木年代学的研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(7):1879-1888.FANG K Y,CHEN Y Q,LIU C Z,et al.Research progress in tree chronology[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2014,25(7):1879-1888.
[4]祁承经,赵运林,喻勋林,等.树木年轮学综论[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(3):1-8.QI C J,ZHAO Y L,YU X L,et al.A comprehensive review of the standing tree rings[J].Journal of Central South University of Forestry and Technology,2017,37(3):1-8.
[5]BRAKER O U.Measuring and data processing in tree-ring research---a methodological introduction[J].Dendrochronologia,2002,20(1):203-216.
[6]FERRETTI M,INNES J L,JALKANEN R,et al.Air pollution and environmental chemistry-what role for rreering studies[J].Dendrochronologia,2002,20(1-2):159-174.
[7]SPIECKER H.Tree rings and forest management in Europe[J].Dendrochronologia,2002,20(1):191-202.
[8]王亚平,许春雪.树木年轮学在环境变化研究中的应用[J].岩矿测试,2005,24(2):129-134.SPIECKER H.Tree rings and forest management in Europe[J].Dendrochronologia,2002,20(1):191-202.
[9]赵娟娟,郭志成,苏芳,等.基于数字图像法树木年轮宽度测量方法研究[J].工业仪表与自动化装置,2017,47(6):75-77.ZHAO J J,GUO Z C,SU F,et al.Research on tree ring width measurement method based on digital image method[J].Industrial Instrumentation&Automation,2017,47(6):75-77.
[10]薛倩,杨银科.图像识别技术在树木年轮分析中的应用进展[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(1):24-29.XUE Q,YANG Y K.Application progress of image recognition technology in tree ring analysis[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2015,31(1):24-29.
[11]吴斡宁,万涛.浅谈树木年龄测定方法的研究进展[J].绿色科技,2013,51(7):152-155.WU H N,WAN T.Discussion on the research progress of tree age determination methods[J].Green Technology,2013,51(7):152-155.
[12]FANG Y M,LIN L J,FENG H L,et al.Review of the use of air-coupled ultrasonic technologies for nondestructive testing of wood and wood products[J].Computers and Electronics in Agriculture,2017,137:79-87.
[13]NIEMZ P,MANNES D.Non-destructive testing of wood and wood-based materials[J].Journal of Cultural Heritage,2012,13(3):S26-S34.(下转第40页)
[14]张富文,许清风,张治宇,等.钻入阻抗法检测木材缺陷[J].无损检测,2016,38(1):6-9.ZHANG F W,XU Q F,ZHANG Z Y,et al.Drilling impedance method for detecting wood defects[J].Nondestructive Testing,2016,38(1):6-9.
[15]时小龙,王立海,徐华东,等.基于阻抗仪和ERT技术的红松内部腐朽定量检测[J].北京林业大学学报,2017,39(9):102-111.SHI X L,WANG L H,XU H D,et al.Quantitative detection of internal decay of Pinus koraiensis based on impedance meter and ERT technology[J].Journal of Beijing Forestry University,2017,39(9):102-111.
[16]应鑫蕾.木材无损检测技术研究历史、现状和展望[J].求知导刊,2016,4(4):51.YING X L.Research history,current status and prospects of wood nondestructive testing technology[J].Journal of Seeking Knowledge Guide,2016,4(4):51.
[17]WU F M.Research progress of microwave nondestructive testing technology for standing trees[J].Forestry Machinery&Woodworking Equipment,2018,46(12):9-14.
[18]FRITTS H C,SWETNAM T W.Dendroecology:A tool for evaluation variation in past and present forest environments[J].Advances in Ecological Research,1989,19(4):111-188.