南海西部窄安全密度窗口超高温高压钻井技术
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摘要
为解决南海西部窄安全密度窗口地层钻井中易发生井漏、井涌甚至井喷等井下故障的问题,通过研究超高温高压复杂地层压力预测监测技术、钻井液随钻堵漏技术、井下当量循环密度预测与监测技术、抗高温钻井液、超高温高压固井技术,形成了适用于南海西部的窄安全密度窗口超高温高压钻井技术。该技术在乐东区域的7口超高温高压探井进行了应用,钻井成功率达到100%,井下故障率显著降低,与应用前的同类型井相比,钻井生产时效平均提高了21%。这表明,窄安全密度窗口超高温高压钻井技术可以解决南海西部安全密度窗口窄导致的问题,可为深水高温高压领域的勘探开发提供技术支持。
In order to solve lost circulation, well kick and even blowout caused by narrow safety density window in the western South China Sea, a great effort has been made in studying technologies of the pressure prediction and monitoring in ultra-HTHP complicated formation, the drilling fluid plugging while drilling, the prediction and monitoring of downhole equivalent circulation density, and the high temperature resistant drilling fluid and utra-HTHP cementing. As an achievement, the narrow safety density ultra-HTHP drilling technology suitable for the western South China Sea has been developed. This technology has been applied in seven ultra-HTHP exploration wells in Ledong area, and the occurrence of downhole problems has been significantly reduced. Compared with the same type of wells prior to applying this technology, the average drilling time efficiency increased by 21% and the drilling success rate reached 100%. This showed that the ultra-HTHP narrow density window drilling technology could solve the problems caused by the narrow safety density window in the western South China Sea, and provide technical support for the exploration and development of high temperature high pressure deep water reservoirs.
In order to solve lost circulation, well kick and even blowout caused by narrow safety density window in the western South China Sea, a great effort has been made in studying technologies of the pressure prediction and monitoring in ultra-HTHP complicated formation, the drilling fluid plugging while drilling, the prediction and monitoring of downhole equivalent circulation density, and the high temperature resistant drilling fluid and utra-HTHP cementing. As an achievement, the narrow safety density ultra-HTHP drilling technology suitable for the western South China Sea has been developed. This technology has been applied in seven ultra-HTHP exploration wells in Ledong area, and the occurrence of downhole problems has been significantly reduced. Compared with the same type of wells prior to applying this technology, the average drilling time efficiency increased by 21% and the drilling success rate reached 100%. This showed that the ultra-HTHP narrow density window drilling technology could solve the problems caused by the narrow safety density window in the western South China Sea, and provide technical support for the exploration and development of high temperature high pressure deep water reservoirs.
引文
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[9]郭建华,李黔,高自力.高温高压井ECD计算[J].天然气工业,2006,26(8):72-74.GUO Jianhua,LI Qian,GAO Zili.ECD computation for HPHTwells[J].Natural Gas Industry,2006,26(8):72-74.
[10]王富华,王瑞和,刘江华,等.高密度水基钻井液高温高压流变性研究[J].石油学报,2010,31(2):306-310.WANG Fuhua,WANG Ruihe,LIU Jianghua,et al.Rheology of high-density water-based drilling fluid at high temperature and high pressure[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010,31(2):306-310.
[11]刘震寰.超高密度高温钻井液体系与流变性调控机理研究[D].东营:中国石油大学(华东),2008.LIU Zhenhuan.Study on ultra-high density high temperature drilling fluid and rheology control mechanism[D].Dongying:China University of Petroleum(Huadong),2008.
[12]闫传梁,谢玉洪,邓金根,等.安全钻井液密度上限的确定方法[J].天然气工业,2013,33(6):80-85.YAN Chuanliang,XIE Yuhong,DENG Jingen,et al.A method of determining the safe upper limit of drilling fluid density[J].Natural Gas Industry,2013,33(6):80-85.
[13]蔚宝华,王炳印,曲从锋,等.高温高压储层安全钻井液密度窗口确定技术[J].石油钻采工艺,2005,27(3):31-34,37.YU Baohua,WANG Bingyin,QU Congfeng,et al.Mud density determination of HT/HP reservoir formation[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2005,27(3):31-34,37.
[14]吴超,陈小锋,王磊.钻井液密度窗口随钻预测理论及其工程应用[J].石油学报,2016,37(3):399-405.WU Chao,CHEN Xiaofeng,WANG Lei.A theory on predicting drilling fluid density windows while drilling and its engineering application[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(3):399-405.
[15]吴江,朱新华,李炎军,等.莺歌海盆地东方13-1气田高温高压尾管固井技术[J].石油钻探技术,2016,44(4):17-21.WU Jiang,ZHU Xinhua,LI Yanjun,et al.HTHP liner cementing techniques in the Dongfang 13-1 Gas Field in the Yinggehai Basin[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2016,44(4):17-21.
[16]王果,刘建华,丁超,等.控压钻井条件下井身结构优化设计[J].石油学报,2013,34(3):545-549.WANG Guo,LIU Jianhua,DING Chao,et al.Casing program optimization with the managed pressure drilling technique[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2013,34(3):545-549.
[17]姜智博,周英操,王倩,等.实现窄密度窗口安全钻井的控压钻井系统工程[J].天然气工业,2011,31(8):76-79.JIANG Zhibo,ZHOU Yingcao,WANG Qian,et al.Managed pressure drilling system used in narrow density window drilling scenarios[J].Natural Gas Industry,2011,31(8):76-79.
[2]吴江,李炎军,罗鸣,等.南海莺-琼盆地复杂压力层系井身结构优化设计[J].中国海上油气,2018,30(2):126-131.WU Jiang,LI Yanjun,LUO Ming,et al.Optimal design of well structure of complex pressure layer of Ying-Qiong Basins in South China Sea[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2018,30(2):126-131.
[3]罗鸣,韩成,陈浩东,等.南海西部高温高压井堵漏技术[J].石油钻采工艺,2016,38(6):801-804.LUO Ming,HAN Cheng,CHEN Haodong,et al.Plugging technology for HTHP wells in Western South China Sea[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2016,38(6):801-804.
[4]林四元,李中,黄熠,等.高性能水基钻井液在莺歌海盆地高温高压井的应用[J].钻井液与完井液,2018,35(2):44-48.LIN Siyuan,LI Zhong,HUANG Yi,et al.The development and application of high performance water base muds for HTHP wells in Yinggehai Basin[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2018,35(2):44-48.
[5]李玉伟,艾池,王志成,等.深井安全钻井液密度窗口影响因素[J].油气地质与采收率,2013,20(1):107-110,118.LI Yuwei,AI Chi,WANG Zhicheng,et al.Analysis on influential factors for safe window of drilling fluid density in deep well[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2013,20(1):107-110,118.
[6]苏勤,侯绪田.窄安全密度窗口条件下钻井设计技术探讨[J].石油钻探技术,2011,39(3):62-65.SU Qin,HOU Xutian.Resarch on drilling design techniques for narrow mud weight window[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2011,39(3):62-65.
[7]杨雄文,周英操,方世良,等.国内窄窗口钻井技术应用对策分析与实践[J].石油矿场机械,2010,39(8):7-11.YANG Xiongwen,ZHOU Yingcao,FANG Shiliang,et al.Strategy analysis of narrow window drilling technology and practice[J].Oil Field Equipment,2010,39(8):7-11.
[8]陈森,梁大川,李磊.深井超深井安全钻井液密度窗口研究进展[J].天然气工业,2008,28(1):85-87.CHEN Sen,LIANG Dachuan,LI Lei.The advancement of density window of safe drilling fluid for deep and ultradeep wells[J].Natural Gas Industry,2008,28(1):85-87.
[9]郭建华,李黔,高自力.高温高压井ECD计算[J].天然气工业,2006,26(8):72-74.GUO Jianhua,LI Qian,GAO Zili.ECD computation for HPHTwells[J].Natural Gas Industry,2006,26(8):72-74.
[10]王富华,王瑞和,刘江华,等.高密度水基钻井液高温高压流变性研究[J].石油学报,2010,31(2):306-310.WANG Fuhua,WANG Ruihe,LIU Jianghua,et al.Rheology of high-density water-based drilling fluid at high temperature and high pressure[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010,31(2):306-310.
[11]刘震寰.超高密度高温钻井液体系与流变性调控机理研究[D].东营:中国石油大学(华东),2008.LIU Zhenhuan.Study on ultra-high density high temperature drilling fluid and rheology control mechanism[D].Dongying:China University of Petroleum(Huadong),2008.
[12]闫传梁,谢玉洪,邓金根,等.安全钻井液密度上限的确定方法[J].天然气工业,2013,33(6):80-85.YAN Chuanliang,XIE Yuhong,DENG Jingen,et al.A method of determining the safe upper limit of drilling fluid density[J].Natural Gas Industry,2013,33(6):80-85.
[13]蔚宝华,王炳印,曲从锋,等.高温高压储层安全钻井液密度窗口确定技术[J].石油钻采工艺,2005,27(3):31-34,37.YU Baohua,WANG Bingyin,QU Congfeng,et al.Mud density determination of HT/HP reservoir formation[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2005,27(3):31-34,37.
[14]吴超,陈小锋,王磊.钻井液密度窗口随钻预测理论及其工程应用[J].石油学报,2016,37(3):399-405.WU Chao,CHEN Xiaofeng,WANG Lei.A theory on predicting drilling fluid density windows while drilling and its engineering application[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(3):399-405.
[15]吴江,朱新华,李炎军,等.莺歌海盆地东方13-1气田高温高压尾管固井技术[J].石油钻探技术,2016,44(4):17-21.WU Jiang,ZHU Xinhua,LI Yanjun,et al.HTHP liner cementing techniques in the Dongfang 13-1 Gas Field in the Yinggehai Basin[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2016,44(4):17-21.
[16]王果,刘建华,丁超,等.控压钻井条件下井身结构优化设计[J].石油学报,2013,34(3):545-549.WANG Guo,LIU Jianhua,DING Chao,et al.Casing program optimization with the managed pressure drilling technique[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2013,34(3):545-549.
[17]姜智博,周英操,王倩,等.实现窄密度窗口安全钻井的控压钻井系统工程[J].天然气工业,2011,31(8):76-79.JIANG Zhibo,ZHOU Yingcao,WANG Qian,et al.Managed pressure drilling system used in narrow density window drilling scenarios[J].Natural Gas Industry,2011,31(8):76-79.