水驱气藏生产数据分析方法研究及应用
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摘要
水驱气藏动态储量核算和水体大小的研究一直是此类气藏动态分析的重要内容。常规生产数据分析技术主要针对定容封闭气藏,而对于水驱气藏适应性差。为此,以气藏不稳定渗流理论为基础,考虑气藏水侵特征建立了水驱气藏渗流模型,利用Laplace变换法推导获得了水驱气藏不稳定产量响应解,计算并绘制了现代产量递减典型曲线。根据曲线特征将产量递减过程划分成4个典型流动阶段,讨论了无因次水侵量和无因次水侵时间对产量递减典型曲线的影响。结合现代生产数据分析技术,利用气井产量与压力的相互关系,提出了定量评价水侵强度和水侵开始时间,求取动储量、渗透率等气藏参数的方法。现场实际生产数据分析结果表明,该方法满足水驱气藏动态分析的工程实际要求,对于指导此类气藏的开发具有重要意义。
Conventional production data analysis techniques are primarily applied to closed gas reservoirs having constant volume,but are not applicable to water drive gas reservoirs.Based on the unstable seepage theory,a seepage model for water drive gas reservoirs was established considering the water encroachment characteristics of gas reservoirs.Subsequently,the response solution of the unstable production of water drive gas reservoirs was derived using Laplace transform,and the typical curves of modern production-decline analysis were computed and plotted.From the results,four typical flow stages were categorized according to the characteristics of the curves.In addition,the effects of dimensionless water encroachment influx and time on a typical production-decline curve were discussed.Combined with modern production data analysis technology,a quantification method exploiting the relationship between the production and the pressure of gas wells was proposed for the quantitative evaluation of the intensity and starting time of water encroachment,as well as calculation of the dynamic reserve,permeability and other parameters of the gas reservoir.The results of the field production data analysis showed that this method was able to meet the engineering requirements of the dynamic analysis for water drive gas reservoir.
Conventional production data analysis techniques are primarily applied to closed gas reservoirs having constant volume,but are not applicable to water drive gas reservoirs.Based on the unstable seepage theory,a seepage model for water drive gas reservoirs was established considering the water encroachment characteristics of gas reservoirs.Subsequently,the response solution of the unstable production of water drive gas reservoirs was derived using Laplace transform,and the typical curves of modern production-decline analysis were computed and plotted.From the results,four typical flow stages were categorized according to the characteristics of the curves.In addition,the effects of dimensionless water encroachment influx and time on a typical production-decline curve were discussed.Combined with modern production data analysis technology,a quantification method exploiting the relationship between the production and the pressure of gas wells was proposed for the quantitative evaluation of the intensity and starting time of water encroachment,as well as calculation of the dynamic reserve,permeability and other parameters of the gas reservoir.The results of the field production data analysis showed that this method was able to meet the engineering requirements of the dynamic analysis for water drive gas reservoir.
引文
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[12]张吉群,邓宝荣,胡长军,等.天然边水水域分层水侵量的计算方法[J].石油勘探与开发,2016,43(5):758-763.doi:10.11698/PED.2016.05.11ZHANG Jiqun,DENG Baorong,HU Changjun,et al.Computation method for water influx in different layers of natural edge water[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2016,43(5):758-763.doi:10.11698/PED.2016.-05.11
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[14]樊怀才,钟兵,刘义成,等.三重介质底水气藏非稳态水侵规律研究[J].天然气地球科学,2015,26(3):556-563.doi:10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2015.03.0556FAN Huaicai,ZHONG Bing,LIU Yicheng,et al.Studies on transient water invasion mechanism of the triple porosity gas reservoir with bottom-water[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2015,26(3):556-563.10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2015.03.0556
[15]李晓平,张烈辉,李允.不稳定渗流理论在水驱气藏水侵识别中的应用[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2009,17(3):364-373.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1005-0930.-2009.03.005LI Xiaoping,ZHANG Liehui,LI Yun.Application study of unsteady fluid flow theory to identify water encroachment in water drive gas reservoir[J].Journal of Basic Science and Engineering,2009,17(3):364-373.doi:10.-3969/j.issn.1005-0930.2009.03.005
[16]韩国锋,陈方方,刘曰武,等.水体倍数计算的拟稳态法[J].科学技术与工程,2015,15(5):96-99.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-1815.2015.05.018HAN Guofeng,FANG Fangfang,LIU Yuewu,et al.Pseudo-steady method for water volumetric multiple computation[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2015.15(5):96-99.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-1815.2015.05.018
[17]刘建仪,韩杰鹏,张广东,等.单井生产动态拟合法求取强水驱凝析气藏动态储量[J].中国海上油气,2016,28(2):83-87.doi:10.1193 5/j.issn.1673-1506.2016.02.-010LIU Jianyi,HAN Jiepeng,ZHANG Guangdong,et al.Single well production performance fitting method for dynamic reserves of strong water-drive gas condensate reservoir[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2016,28(2):83-87.
[18]肖香姣,姜汉桥,王洪峰,等.牙哈23凝析气田有效水体及驱动能量评价[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2008,30(5):111-114.doi:10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.2008.05.025XIAO Xiangjiao,JIANG Hanqiao,WANG Hongfeng,et al.Evaluation of aquifer size and drive energy of Yaha23gas condensate field[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science&Technology Edition),2008,30(5):111-114.doi:10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.2008.05.025
[19]熊钰,杨水清,乐宏,等.裂缝型底水气藏水侵动态分析方法[J].天然气工业,2010,30(1):61-64.doi:10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2010.01.017XIONG Yu,YANG Shuiqing,YUE Hong,et al.A new method of water influx performance analysis on fracture gas reservoirs with bottom water[J].Natural Gas Industry.2010,30(1):61-64 doi:10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2010.-01.017
[20]李志军,戚志林,宿亚仙,等.基于水侵预警的边水气藏动态预测模型[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2014,36(3):87—92.doi:10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2014.02.13.05LI Zhij un,QI Zhilin,SU Yaxian,et al.Dynamic prediction model of edge-water gas reservoir based on water invasion early warning[J].Journal of Southwe st Petroleum University(Science&Technology Edition),2014,36(3):87-92.doi:10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2014.02.13.05
[21]于清艳,牟珍宝,刘鹏程,等.含边底水气藏的水侵量计算方法[J].新疆石油地质,2017,38(5):586-591.doi:10.7657/XJPG201705 13YU Qingvan,MOU Zhenbao,LIU Pengcheng,et al.Calculation methods of water influx in gas reservoirs with aquifers[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2017,38(5):586-591.doi:10.7657/XJPG20170513
[22]DOUBLET L E,BLASINGAME T A.Decline curve analysis using type curves:Water influx/waterflood cases[C]SPE 30774,1995.
[23]VAN EVERDINGEN A F,HURST W.The application of the Laplace transformation to flow problems in reservoirs[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology,1949,1(12):305-324.doi:10.2 118/949305-G
[24]BLASINGAME T A,MCCRAY T L,LEE WJ.Decline curve analysis for variable pressure drop/variable flowrate systems[C].SPE 21513-MS,1991.doi:10.2118/21513-MS
[25]PALACIO J C,BLASINGAME T A.Unavail able-declinecurve analysis with type curves-analysis of gas well production data[C].SPE 25909-MS,1993.doi:10.2118/-25909-MS
[26]DOUBLET L E,PANDE P K,MCCOLLUM T J,et al Decline-curve analysis using type curves-analysis of oil well production data using material balance time:Appli-cation to field eases[C].SPE 28688-MS,1994.doi:10.-2118/28688-MS
[27]MARHAENDRAJANA T,BLASINGAME T A.Declinecurve analysis using type curvesdevaluation of well performance behavior in a multiwell reservoir system[C]SPE 71517-MS,2001.doi:10.2118/715 17-MS
[28]PRATIKNO ZtRUSHING J A,BLASINGAME T A.Decline curve analysis using type curves-fractured wells[C].SPE 84287-MS,2003.doi:10.2118/84287-MS
[29]孙贺东.油气井现代产量递减分析方法及应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2013.
[2]冯曦,彭先,李隆新,等.碳酸盐岩气藏储层非均质性对水侵差异化的影响[J].天然气工业,2018,38(6):67-75.doi:10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2018.06.009FENG Xi,PENG Xian,LI Longxin,et al.Influence of reservoir heterogeneity on water invasion differentiation in carbonate[J].Natural Gas Industry,2018,18(6):67—75.doi:10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2018.06.009
[3]孙志道.裂缝性有水气藏开采特征和开发方式优选[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,29(4):69-71.doi:10.3321/j.-issn:1000-0747.2002.04.021SUN Zhidao.Production characteristics and the optimization of development schemes of fractured gas reservoir with edge or bottom water[J].Petroleum Exploration and development,2002,29(4):69-71.doi:10.3321/j.-issn:1000-0747.2002.04.021
[4]李传亮.油藏工程原理[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2005.
[5]辛翠平,王永科,徐云林,等.修正的流动物质平衡法计算致密气藏动态储量[J].特种油气藏,2018,27(2):99-102.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2018.02.018XIN Cuiping,WANG Yongke,XU Yunlin,et al. Tight gas reservoir dynamic reserve calculation with modifiedflowing material balance[J].Special Oil and Gas Reservoir,2018,27(2):99-102.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.-2018.02.018
[6]魏明强,段永刚,方全堂,等.基于物质平衡修正的页岩气藏压裂水平井产量递减分析方法[J].石油学报,2016,37(4):508-515.doi:10.7623/syxb201604010WEI Mingqiang,DUAN Yonggang,FANG Quantang,et al.Production decline analysis method of fractured horizontal well in shale gas reservoirs based on modifying material balance[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(4):508-515.doi:10.7623/syxb201604010
[7]杨勇,周文,王德龙.致密气藏水平井动态分析方法及生产规律[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2018,45(4):506-511.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-9727.-2018.04.11YANG Yong,ZHOU Wen,WANG Delong.Study on dynamic analysis method and production rule of tight gas reservoirs[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),2018,45(4):506-511.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-9727.2018.04.11
[8]黄炳光.气藏工程与动态分析方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2004:48-51.
[9]SCHILTHUIS R J.Active oil and reservoir enery[J].AIME,1938,118:33-52.doi:10.2118/936033-G
[10]HURST W.Water influx into a reservoir and its application to the equation of volumetric balance[C].SPE943057-G,1943.doi:10.2118/943057-G
[11]刘思远,李治平,陈鹏羽,等.异常高压气藏水侵量计算新方法[J].特种油气藏,2017,24(6):139-142.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2017.06.027LIU Siyuan,LI Zhiping,CHEN Pengyu,et al.New method for calculating the aquifer influx of abnormal highpressure gas reservoir[J].Special Oil and Gas Reservoir,2017,24(6):139-142.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2017.06.027
[12]张吉群,邓宝荣,胡长军,等.天然边水水域分层水侵量的计算方法[J].石油勘探与开发,2016,43(5):758-763.doi:10.11698/PED.2016.05.11ZHANG Jiqun,DENG Baorong,HU Changjun,et al.Computation method for water influx in different layers of natural edge water[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2016,43(5):758-763.doi:10.11698/PED.2016.-05.11
[13]VAN EVERDINGEN A F,HURST W.The application of the laplace tranformation to flow problems in reservoirs[J].SPE 949305-G,1949.doi:10.2118/949305-G
[14]樊怀才,钟兵,刘义成,等.三重介质底水气藏非稳态水侵规律研究[J].天然气地球科学,2015,26(3):556-563.doi:10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2015.03.0556FAN Huaicai,ZHONG Bing,LIU Yicheng,et al.Studies on transient water invasion mechanism of the triple porosity gas reservoir with bottom-water[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2015,26(3):556-563.10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2015.03.0556
[15]李晓平,张烈辉,李允.不稳定渗流理论在水驱气藏水侵识别中的应用[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2009,17(3):364-373.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1005-0930.-2009.03.005LI Xiaoping,ZHANG Liehui,LI Yun.Application study of unsteady fluid flow theory to identify water encroachment in water drive gas reservoir[J].Journal of Basic Science and Engineering,2009,17(3):364-373.doi:10.-3969/j.issn.1005-0930.2009.03.005
[16]韩国锋,陈方方,刘曰武,等.水体倍数计算的拟稳态法[J].科学技术与工程,2015,15(5):96-99.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-1815.2015.05.018HAN Guofeng,FANG Fangfang,LIU Yuewu,et al.Pseudo-steady method for water volumetric multiple computation[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2015.15(5):96-99.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-1815.2015.05.018
[17]刘建仪,韩杰鹏,张广东,等.单井生产动态拟合法求取强水驱凝析气藏动态储量[J].中国海上油气,2016,28(2):83-87.doi:10.1193 5/j.issn.1673-1506.2016.02.-010LIU Jianyi,HAN Jiepeng,ZHANG Guangdong,et al.Single well production performance fitting method for dynamic reserves of strong water-drive gas condensate reservoir[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2016,28(2):83-87.
[18]肖香姣,姜汉桥,王洪峰,等.牙哈23凝析气田有效水体及驱动能量评价[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2008,30(5):111-114.doi:10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.2008.05.025XIAO Xiangjiao,JIANG Hanqiao,WANG Hongfeng,et al.Evaluation of aquifer size and drive energy of Yaha23gas condensate field[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science&Technology Edition),2008,30(5):111-114.doi:10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.2008.05.025
[19]熊钰,杨水清,乐宏,等.裂缝型底水气藏水侵动态分析方法[J].天然气工业,2010,30(1):61-64.doi:10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2010.01.017XIONG Yu,YANG Shuiqing,YUE Hong,et al.A new method of water influx performance analysis on fracture gas reservoirs with bottom water[J].Natural Gas Industry.2010,30(1):61-64 doi:10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2010.-01.017
[20]李志军,戚志林,宿亚仙,等.基于水侵预警的边水气藏动态预测模型[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2014,36(3):87—92.doi:10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2014.02.13.05LI Zhij un,QI Zhilin,SU Yaxian,et al.Dynamic prediction model of edge-water gas reservoir based on water invasion early warning[J].Journal of Southwe st Petroleum University(Science&Technology Edition),2014,36(3):87-92.doi:10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2014.02.13.05
[21]于清艳,牟珍宝,刘鹏程,等.含边底水气藏的水侵量计算方法[J].新疆石油地质,2017,38(5):586-591.doi:10.7657/XJPG201705 13YU Qingvan,MOU Zhenbao,LIU Pengcheng,et al.Calculation methods of water influx in gas reservoirs with aquifers[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2017,38(5):586-591.doi:10.7657/XJPG20170513
[22]DOUBLET L E,BLASINGAME T A.Decline curve analysis using type curves:Water influx/waterflood cases[C]SPE 30774,1995.
[23]VAN EVERDINGEN A F,HURST W.The application of the Laplace transformation to flow problems in reservoirs[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology,1949,1(12):305-324.doi:10.2 118/949305-G
[24]BLASINGAME T A,MCCRAY T L,LEE WJ.Decline curve analysis for variable pressure drop/variable flowrate systems[C].SPE 21513-MS,1991.doi:10.2118/21513-MS
[25]PALACIO J C,BLASINGAME T A.Unavail able-declinecurve analysis with type curves-analysis of gas well production data[C].SPE 25909-MS,1993.doi:10.2118/-25909-MS
[26]DOUBLET L E,PANDE P K,MCCOLLUM T J,et al Decline-curve analysis using type curves-analysis of oil well production data using material balance time:Appli-cation to field eases[C].SPE 28688-MS,1994.doi:10.-2118/28688-MS
[27]MARHAENDRAJANA T,BLASINGAME T A.Declinecurve analysis using type curvesdevaluation of well performance behavior in a multiwell reservoir system[C]SPE 71517-MS,2001.doi:10.2118/715 17-MS
[28]PRATIKNO ZtRUSHING J A,BLASINGAME T A.Decline curve analysis using type curves-fractured wells[C].SPE 84287-MS,2003.doi:10.2118/84287-MS
[29]孙贺东.油气井现代产量递减分析方法及应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2013.