民国时期揭阳夏布海外贸易初探
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摘要
夏布是近代揭阳地区的传统手工艺和潮汕地区大宗对外贸易商品。夏布的商业化发展促使其形成了粗加工为主的生产方式,加强了揭阳与内陆城市、周边城市的贸易互动,运销汉城、日本和东南亚等地。同时,揭阳地区广袤农村腹地所形成的耕织生产方式,为夏布业的发展提供了劳动力保障。夏布的海外贸易反映了潮汕商业的网络结构。在洋布的涌入和二战的影响下,夏布逐渐走向衰落,这与传统夏布产业缺少科技含量、产业结构不合理和世界贸易壁垒存在着诸多的联系。
The grass cloth is a traditional handicraft in modern Jieyang and there is a large volume of foreign trade commodities in Chaoshan area. The commercial development of grass cloth has lead to the rough processing mode, strengthened the trade interaction between Jieyang and inland cities and surrounding cities. It had been sold to Seoul, Japan and Southeast Asia. Meanwhile, the farming and weaving production mode formed in the vast hinterland of rural areas in Jieyang provides labor force guarantee for the development of grass cloth industry. The overseas trade of grass cloth reflects the commercial network structure in Chaoshan.The grass cloth is on the decline under the influx of foreign cloth and the influence of World War II.This is related to the lack of scientific and technological content, unreasonable industrial structure and barriers to world trade in the traditional grass cloth industry.
The grass cloth is a traditional handicraft in modern Jieyang and there is a large volume of foreign trade commodities in Chaoshan area. The commercial development of grass cloth has lead to the rough processing mode, strengthened the trade interaction between Jieyang and inland cities and surrounding cities. It had been sold to Seoul, Japan and Southeast Asia. Meanwhile, the farming and weaving production mode formed in the vast hinterland of rural areas in Jieyang provides labor force guarantee for the development of grass cloth industry. The overseas trade of grass cloth reflects the commercial network structure in Chaoshan.The grass cloth is on the decline under the influx of foreign cloth and the influence of World War II.This is related to the lack of scientific and technological content, unreasonable industrial structure and barriers to world trade in the traditional grass cloth industry.
引文
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[2]夏征农,陈志立.大辞海:化工轻工纺织卷[M].上海:上海辞书出版社,2009.284.
[3]饶宗颐.潮州志[M].潮州:潮州修志馆,1949.
[4]黄光启.揭阳夏布业盛衰记[A].揭阳县政协文史编辑部.揭阳工商经济史料专辑(上辑)[C]. 1991.12.
[5]佚名.各地新闻:潮产夏布衰落[N].益世报,1935-4-17.
[6]张勖.种苎麻法[M].北京:商务印书馆,1934.
[7]陈树芝.揭阳县志:物产[M].雍正九年(1731)刊本:50a.
[8]斯波义信.中国都市史[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2013.118.
[9]陈达.南洋华侨与闽粤社会[M].北京:商务印书馆,2011.30-31.
[10]崔炳炎.潮阳县民情风俗调查[Z].1909.
[11]谢富兰.中国之夏布及草帽辫[N].申报,1927-6-30.
[12]上海潮汕联谊会.上海潮州会馆三帮董事会章程[A].潮州旅沪同乡会历史资料(二)[C].1995.59.
[13]佚名.国内要闻:潮汕商人罢运风潮[N].申报,1928-9-17.
[14]佚名.新闻:连次被窃[N].申报,1881-8-7.
[15]谢雪影.潮梅现象[M].汕头:汕头时事通讯社,1935.
[16]林济.近代潮商的汕-香-暹-叻国际贸易与商人组织[J].近代史学刊,2006,(24).
[17]佚名.总商会劝改良潮州夏布函[N].申报,1923-3-27.
[18]佚名.本埠新闻:潮州杂货会电争日本增税[N].申报,1924-8-15.
[19]佚名.潮州夏布所增加之出口税碍难豁免[J].广东行政周刊,1927,(8):37.
[20]佚名.本埠新闻:请求夏布免税不准[N].申报,1928-8-12.