江苏省慢性丝虫病现状调查
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摘要
目的了解江苏省慢性丝虫病患者现状,为继续做好慢性丝虫病患者关怀照料工作提供基础数据。方法根据历史在册病例资料,2018年6-7月对江苏省慢性丝虫病患者逐个随访并开展线索调查,通过问卷调查获取患者基础资料,对患者特征、关怀照料点分布及覆盖人群等信息进行分析。结果江苏省现存慢性丝虫病患者3 160例,男性占40.0%,女性占60.0%;60岁及以上占91.8%。患者主要分布于宿迁(24.2%)、淮安(19.5%)、苏州(17.3%)、徐州(11.2%)、盐城(9.8%)等设区市。单纯淋巴管/结炎、单纯淋巴水肿/象皮肿、单纯乳糜尿、单纯鞘膜积液和同时有上述2种或以上症状的病例分别占2.7%、37.1%、11.2%、0.9%和48.1%。97.8%的淋巴水肿/象皮肿患者水肿部位发生在下肢,90%以上的患者分期在Ⅰ～Ⅲ期。目前全省有慢性丝虫病患者照料点220个,覆盖患者2 091人,当年开展关怀照料活动平均次数为3.2次,平均累计开展活动年数为11.3年。结论江苏省慢性丝虫病患者数量明显减少,表现为高龄、病程长等特点,关怀照料点未覆盖全部患者。今后应对全部慢性丝虫病患者开展关怀照料,以减轻其症状、提高其生活质量。
Objective To understand the current status of chronic filariasis patients in Jiangsu Province so as to provide basic data for following-up care for them. Methods The patients were followed up one by one according to history archives between June and July, 2018, and the clue investigation was also conducted. The base data of the patients was collected through a face-to-face questionnaire survey and analyzed. Results There were still 3 160 chronic filariasis patients in Jiangsu Province.Among them, the male accounted for 40.0%, and 91.8% of the patients were older adults aged 60 years or above. From the aspect of regional distribution, Suqian(24.2%), Huai'an( 19.5%), Suzhou(17.3%), Xuzhou( 11.2%), and Yancheng(9.8%)were the five top high prefectures. The patients with simple lymphatic inflammation or lymphadenitis, simple lymphedema or elephantiasis,simple chyluria, simple hydrocele of tunica vaginalis, and two symptoms or more accounted for 2.7%, 37.1%,11.2%, 0.9%, and 48.1%, respectively. For the patients with lymphedema or elephantiasis, 97.8% of edema was seen in the lower limbs, and more than 90% of the edema stages were Ⅰ-Ⅲ. The number of current caring sites was 220, covering 2 091 patients. The average number of times of caring activities in this year was 3.2. The average cumulative time of caring activities among all the sites was 11.3 years. Conclusions The number of chronic filariasis patients has been dramatically decreased,most of the patients are old and have long disease durations. The caring sites have not covered all the patients. In order to release the symptoms and improve the life quality of the patients, all the patients should be taken care of in Jiangsu Province.
Objective To understand the current status of chronic filariasis patients in Jiangsu Province so as to provide basic data for following-up care for them. Methods The patients were followed up one by one according to history archives between June and July, 2018, and the clue investigation was also conducted. The base data of the patients was collected through a face-to-face questionnaire survey and analyzed. Results There were still 3 160 chronic filariasis patients in Jiangsu Province.Among them, the male accounted for 40.0%, and 91.8% of the patients were older adults aged 60 years or above. From the aspect of regional distribution, Suqian(24.2%), Huai'an( 19.5%), Suzhou(17.3%), Xuzhou( 11.2%), and Yancheng(9.8%)were the five top high prefectures. The patients with simple lymphatic inflammation or lymphadenitis, simple lymphedema or elephantiasis,simple chyluria, simple hydrocele of tunica vaginalis, and two symptoms or more accounted for 2.7%, 37.1%,11.2%, 0.9%, and 48.1%, respectively. For the patients with lymphedema or elephantiasis, 97.8% of edema was seen in the lower limbs, and more than 90% of the edema stages were Ⅰ-Ⅲ. The number of current caring sites was 220, covering 2 091 patients. The average number of times of caring activities in this year was 3.2. The average cumulative time of caring activities among all the sites was 11.3 years. Conclusions The number of chronic filariasis patients has been dramatically decreased,most of the patients are old and have long disease durations. The caring sites have not covered all the patients. In order to release the symptoms and improve the life quality of the patients, all the patients should be taken care of in Jiangsu Province.
引文
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[6]张富南,胡雅劼,张丽萍,等.四川省消除丝虫病后慢性丝虫病调查[J].预防医学情报杂志,2011,27(12):965-969.
[7]张小萍,朱民,蔡黎,等.上海市消除丝虫病后慢性丝虫病流行病学调查[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2007,19(4):299-303.
[8]吴观陵.人体寄生虫学[M]. 4版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2013:654-690.
[9]李明川,梅火根,汤觉萍,等.吴江区慢性丝虫病患者社区关怀照料方法探讨[J].中国初级卫生保健,2015,29(2):40-41.
[10]姚立农.浙江省慢性丝虫病病人的社区管理和照料[J].中国寄生虫病防治杂志,2002,15(2):87-87.
[11]林诚罡.吴江市某镇慢性丝虫病患者关怀照料的方法及其效果[J].职业与健康,2012,28(3):339-340.
[2]白剑峰.我国率先在全球消除丝虫病[J].临床荟萃,2009,24(4):289.
[3]刘海云.江苏省丝虫病流行特点及防治[J].中国寄生虫病防治杂志,1990,3(1):1-3.
[4]曹汉钧,孙凤华,钱益新,等.江苏省慢性丝虫病现状调查[J].中国病原生物学杂志,2006,1(3):214-216.
[5]何尚英,张君炎,刘海云,等.江苏省丝虫病现状的分析[J].江苏医药,1982,8(7):20-22.
[6]张富南,胡雅劼,张丽萍,等.四川省消除丝虫病后慢性丝虫病调查[J].预防医学情报杂志,2011,27(12):965-969.
[7]张小萍,朱民,蔡黎,等.上海市消除丝虫病后慢性丝虫病流行病学调查[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2007,19(4):299-303.
[8]吴观陵.人体寄生虫学[M]. 4版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2013:654-690.
[9]李明川,梅火根,汤觉萍,等.吴江区慢性丝虫病患者社区关怀照料方法探讨[J].中国初级卫生保健,2015,29(2):40-41.
[10]姚立农.浙江省慢性丝虫病病人的社区管理和照料[J].中国寄生虫病防治杂志,2002,15(2):87-87.
[11]林诚罡.吴江市某镇慢性丝虫病患者关怀照料的方法及其效果[J].职业与健康,2012,28(3):339-340.