南华系、莲沱组年龄问题的讨论
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摘要
南华系自建立开始,围绕其定义和内涵的争议就一直存在。经过近二十年的研究,分歧逐渐得到弥合,最近,随着莲沱组顶界年龄~714 Ma、长安组底界年龄~716 Ma、和两界河段(=原渫水河组)顶部年龄~690 Ma的精确测定,上述争议得到进一步解决。"国际年代地层表"(2015年版)把成冰系的底界年龄改为720 Ma,意味着人们对于南华系(成冰系)的认识取得了进一步的共识,这些对于统一关于南华系的认识十分重要。另外,莲沱组的启始年龄为~800 Ma、结束年龄为~714 Ma,层位上位于南华系之下。这些年龄的获得也同时引发了一些新问题,值得进一步探讨:如为什么莲沱组的顶界年龄和长安组底界或拱洞组顶界年龄基本上相当?这与人们对于两地古地理、古海拔的认识不协调;关于古城冰期起始年龄的测定,提出了皖浙赣地区的江口冰期地层是否存在、是否完整等问题。
Ever since its establishment,the Nanhuan System has been a matter of debate.However,consensus has emerged recently as new radiometric ages become available,including ~714 Ma ages from the top Liantuo Formation,~716 Ma ages from the basal Chang'an Formation,and~690 Ma ages from the upper Liangjiehe Member(formerly the Xieshuihe Formation at the Yangjiaping section in northwest Hunan Province).A modification of the base of the Cryogenian System in the 2015 International Chronostratigraphic Chart helps to reconcile the inconsistencies of Cryogenian chronostratigraphy in different parts of the world and to better understand the Nanhuan System.In the same time,these new ages raise new questions about the Nanhuan System.For example,the stratigraphic relationship between the top Liantuo Formation and the basal Chang'an Formation remains uncertain,the Nanhuan paleogeography is poorly understood,the onset of the Gucheng glaciation is not geochronologically constrained,and it is uncertain whether the Jiangkou glacial sequence is complete in the eastern part of the Yangtze Block.
Ever since its establishment,the Nanhuan System has been a matter of debate.However,consensus has emerged recently as new radiometric ages become available,including ~714 Ma ages from the top Liantuo Formation,~716 Ma ages from the basal Chang'an Formation,and~690 Ma ages from the upper Liangjiehe Member(formerly the Xieshuihe Formation at the Yangjiaping section in northwest Hunan Province).A modification of the base of the Cryogenian System in the 2015 International Chronostratigraphic Chart helps to reconcile the inconsistencies of Cryogenian chronostratigraphy in different parts of the world and to better understand the Nanhuan System.In the same time,these new ages raise new questions about the Nanhuan System.For example,the stratigraphic relationship between the top Liantuo Formation and the basal Chang'an Formation remains uncertain,the Nanhuan paleogeography is poorly understood,the onset of the Gucheng glaciation is not geochronologically constrained,and it is uncertain whether the Jiangkou glacial sequence is complete in the eastern part of the Yangtze Block.
引文
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高林志,丁孝忠,庞维华,张传恒.2011.中国中-新元古代地层年表的修正---锆石U-Pb年龄对年代地层的制约.地层学杂志,35(1):1-7.
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贵州省地质矿产局编.1997.贵州省岩石地层.武汉:中国地质大学出版社.1-306.
郝杰,翟明国.2004.罗迪尼亚超大陆与晋宁运动和震旦系.地质科学,39:139-152.
湖南省地质矿产局.1988.湖南省区域地质志.北京:地质出版社.1-719.
江新胜,王剑,崔晓庄,卓皆文,熊国庆,陆俊泽,刘建辉.2012.滇中新元古代澄江组锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年代学研究及其地质意义.中国科学(D辑:地球科学),42:1496-1507.
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林树基,肖加飞,卢定彪,刘爱民,牟世勇,陈仁,易成兴,王兴理.2010.湘黔桂交界区富禄组与富禄间冰期的再划分.地质通报,29:195-204.
陆松年.2002a.关于中国新元古界划分几个问题的讨论.地质论评,48:242-248.
陆松年.2002b.关于我国前寒武纪研究中几个重点问题的分析.前寒武纪研究进展,25:65-72.
彭学军,刘耀荣,吴能杰,陈建超,李建清.2004.扬子陆块东南缘南华纪地层对比.地层学杂志,28:354-359.
全国地层委员会编.2015.中国地层指南及中国地层指南说明书(2014年版).北京:地质出版社.1-62.
施少峰,蒋传仁,张健康.1985.浙江省西部震旦纪冰成岩研究//地质矿产部《前寒武纪地质》编辑委员会编.前寒武纪地质,第1号(中国晚前寒武纪冰成岩论文集).北京:地质出版社.261-282.
王剑.2005.华南“南华系”研究新进展---论南华系地层划分与对比.地质通报,24:491-495.
王剑,李献华,Duan T Z,刘敦一,宋彪,李忠雄,高永华.2003.沧水铺火山岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄及“南华系”底界新证据.科学通报,48:1726-1731.
王自强,尹崇玉,高林志,唐烽,柳永清,刘鹏举.2006.宜昌三斗坪地区南华系化学蚀变指数特征及南华系划分、对比的讨论.地质论评,52(5):577-585.
王自强,索书田.1987.黔、湘、赣上元古界分层及对比//地质矿产部《前寒武纪地质》编辑委员会编.国际晚前寒武纪地质讨论会论文选集.北京:地质出版社.73-86.
汪正江.2008.关于建立“板溪系”的建议及其基础的讨论.地质论评,54(3):296-306.
汪正江,王剑,江新胜,孙海清,高天山,陈建书,邱艳生,杜秋定,邓奇,杨菲.2015.华南扬子地区新元古代地层划分对比研究新进展.地质论评,61(1):1-22.
尹崇玉,高林志.2013.中国南华系的范畴、时限及地层划分.地层学杂志,37:534-541.
尹崇玉,刘敦一,高林志,王自强,邢裕盛,简平,石玉若.2003.南华系底界与古城冰期的年龄:SHRIMP II定年证据.科学通报,48:1721-1725.
张启锐.2013.从扬子地区新元古代地层记录看新元古代地质年表.地层学杂志,37(4):627.
张启锐.2014.关于南华系底界年龄780 Ma数值的讨论.地层学杂志,38:336-339.
张启锐.2015.皖南-浙西南华系沉积构造环境研究.中国科学(地球科学),45:127-138.
张启锐,储雪蕾,2006.扬子地区江口冰期地层的划分对比与南华系层型剖面.地层学杂志,30:306-314.
张启锐,储雪蕾.2007.南华系建系问题讨论.地层学杂志,31(3):222-228.
张启锐,储雪蕾、冯连君.2008.南华系“渫水河组”的对比及其冰川沉积特征的探讨.地层学杂志,32(3),246-252.
张晓阳,黄建中,唐晓珊.1995.湖南板溪期地层层序分析及格架探讨.湖南地质,14:27-30.
张世红,蒋干清,董进,韩以贵,吴怀春.2008.华南板溪群五强溪组SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年代学新结果及其构造地层学意义.中国科学(D辑:地球科学),38(12),1496-1503.
张雄华,章泽军,蔡雄飞.2003.江西修水地区震旦系南沱组冰成岩研究.沉积与特提斯地质,23:58-61.
周传明.2016.扬子区新元古代前震旦纪地层对比,地层学杂志,40(2):120-135.
Balgord E A,Yonkee W A,Link P K&Fanning C M.2013.Stratigraphic,geochrono-logic,and geochemical record of the Cryogenian Perry Canyon Formation,northern Utah:implications for Rodinia rifting and snowball Earth glaciation.GSA Bull,125:1442-1467.
Bowring S A,Grotzinger J P,Condon D J,Ramezani J,Newall M J&Allen P A.2007.Geochronologic constraints on the chronostratigraphic framework of the Neoproterozoic Huqf Supergroup,Sultanate of Oman.Amer J Science,307:1097-1145.
Du Qiu-ding,Wang Zheng-jiang,Wang Jian,Qiu Yan-sheng,Jiang Xin-sheng,Deng Qi&Yan Fei.2013.Geochronology and paleoenvironment of the pre-Sturtian glacial strata:evidence from the Liantuo Formation in the Nanhua rift basin of the Yangtze Block,South China.Precambrian Research,233:118-131.
Ferri F,Rees C J,Nelson J L&Legun A S.1999.Geology and mineral deposits of the northern Kechika Trough between Gataga River and the 60th parallel.Bull Br Columbia Minist.Energy Mines,107:1-122.
Knoll A H.2000.Learning to tell Neoproterozoic time.Precambrian Research,100:3-20.
Lan Zhong-wu,Li Xian-hua,Zhang Qi-rui&Li Qiu-li.2015b.Global synchronous initiation of the 2nd episode of Sturtian glaciation:SIMS zircon U-Pb and O isotope evidence from the Jiangkou Group,South China.Precambrian Research,267:28-38.
Lan Zhong-wu,Li Xian-hua,Zhu Mao-yan,Chen Zhong-qiang,Zhang Qi-rui,Li Qiu-li,Lu Ding-biao,Liu Yu&Tang Guoqiang.2014.A rapid and synchronous initiation of the wide spread Cryogenian glaciations.Precambrian Research,255:401-411.
Lan Zhong-wu,Li Xian-hua,Zhu Mao-yan,Zhang Qi-rui&Li Qiuli.2015a.Revisiting the Liantuo Formation in Yangtze Block,South China:SIMS U-Pb zircon age constraints and regional and global significance.Precambrian Research,263:123-141.
Li X H,Li Z X,Ge W,Zhou H,Li W,Liu Y&Wingate M T D.2003.Neoproterozoic granitoids in South China:crustal melting above a mantle phume at ca.825 Ma?Precambrian Research,122:45-83.
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