北京市一起诺如病毒GⅡ.2感染引起的学校突发公共卫生事件调查
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摘要
目的通过对一起急性胃肠炎暴发疫情进行调查处置,分析引起暴发的危险因素,为有效地防控诺如病毒感染引起的急性胃肠炎疫情提供依据。方法采用现场流行病学调查方法收集学校基本情况和患儿相关资料,对其进行流行病学特征分析,采集病例、食堂工作人员、保洁人员的便标本进行实验室检测。结果此次疫情时间为2017年3月14～24日,历时11 d,共报告疑似病例84例,罹患率12. 48%,病例集中于三年级和四年级。实验室检测结果显示22份病例粪便标本中检出诺如病毒GⅡ核酸阳性12份,阳性率54. 55%; 29份密接粪便标本中检出诺如病毒GⅡ核酸阳性6份,阳性率20. 69%。结论本次疫情为一起诺如病毒GⅡ型感染引起的急性胃肠炎暴发,传播途径是由于人与人之间的密切接触,校内日常消毒措施不到位和隐形传染源未能有效隔离可能是暴发的主要原因。
Objective To investigate an acute gastroenteritis outbreak,analyze the risk factors that cause the outbreak,and provide a basis for effectively preventing and controlling the acute gastroenteritis epidemic caused by Norovirus infection. Methods The field epidemiological investigation method was used to collect the basic information of the school and the related data of the children and to analyze the epidemiological characteristics. The fecal specimens of the cases,the canteen staff and the cleaning staff were collected for laboratory testing. Results The epidemic lasted for 11 days,from March 14 to March 24 in 2017. A total of 84 suspected cases were reported,with an attack rate of 12. 48%. The cases were concentrated in the third and fourth grades. Laboratory tests showed that 12 of the 22 fecal samples were positive for Norovirus GⅡ nucleic acid,and the positive rate was 54. 55%. Among the 29 fecal specimens,6 were positive for Norovirus GⅡ,and the positive rate was 20. 69%. Conclusion The outbreak was identified a gastroenteritis infection,caused by Norovirus GⅡ. The transmission was due to human-to-human contact. Inadequate isolation of daily disinfection measures and ineffective isolation of invisible sources of infection. may be the main cause of the outbreak.
Objective To investigate an acute gastroenteritis outbreak,analyze the risk factors that cause the outbreak,and provide a basis for effectively preventing and controlling the acute gastroenteritis epidemic caused by Norovirus infection. Methods The field epidemiological investigation method was used to collect the basic information of the school and the related data of the children and to analyze the epidemiological characteristics. The fecal specimens of the cases,the canteen staff and the cleaning staff were collected for laboratory testing. Results The epidemic lasted for 11 days,from March 14 to March 24 in 2017. A total of 84 suspected cases were reported,with an attack rate of 12. 48%. The cases were concentrated in the third and fourth grades. Laboratory tests showed that 12 of the 22 fecal samples were positive for Norovirus GⅡ nucleic acid,and the positive rate was 54. 55%. Among the 29 fecal specimens,6 were positive for Norovirus GⅡ,and the positive rate was 20. 69%. Conclusion The outbreak was identified a gastroenteritis infection,caused by Norovirus GⅡ. The transmission was due to human-to-human contact. Inadequate isolation of daily disinfection measures and ineffective isolation of invisible sources of infection. may be the main cause of the outbreak.
引文
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[6]肖达勇,凌华,赵春芳,等. 2016年重庆市诺如病毒感染疫情流行特征分析[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(18):3278-3280.
[7]汪金生,孙琴,曹孟婵,等.一起水源性诺如病毒引起的急性胃肠炎疫情的调查分析[J].安徽预防医学杂志,2016,22(2):87-90.
[8] LOURY P,LE GUYADER FS,LE SAUX JC,et al. A norovirus oyster-related outbreak in a nursing home in France,january 2012[J].Epidemiol Infect,2015,143(12):2486-2493.
[9]陈建,何宇衡,钟剑明,等.深圳某小学一起诺如病毒胃肠炎暴发疫情调查[J].现代预防医学,2016,43(15):2848-2851.
[10] REPP KK,HOSTETLER TP,KEENE WE,et al. A norovirus outbreak related to contaminated environmental surfaces[J]. Infect Dis,2013,207(10):105-107.
[11] REPP KK,KEENE WE. A point-source norovirus outbreak caused by exposure to fomites[J]. Infect Dis,2012,205(11):1639-1641.
[12]宋灿磊,袁佳春,李澜,等.诺如病毒胃肠炎疫情密切接触者感染及环境污染状况调查[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2013,23(16):3290-3292.
[2] LEE S,CHO H,PAIK S. Molecular epidemiology of norovirus in South Korea[J]. BMB Reports,2015,48(2):61-67.
[3]李锡太,张海艳,高志勇,等.一起GⅡ. 7型诺如病毒暴发疫情的调查分析[J].疾病监测,2015,30(6):516-518.
[4] BULL RA,EDEN J,RAWLINSON WD,et al. Correction:rapid evolution of pandemic noroviruses of the GⅡ. 4 lineage[J]. PLo S pathogens,2010,6(3):e1000831.
[5]汪金生,孙琴,曹孟婵,等.一起水源性诺如病毒引起的急性胃肠炎疫情的调查分析[J].安徽预防医学杂志,2016,22(2):87-90.
[6]肖达勇,凌华,赵春芳,等. 2016年重庆市诺如病毒感染疫情流行特征分析[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(18):3278-3280.
[7]汪金生,孙琴,曹孟婵,等.一起水源性诺如病毒引起的急性胃肠炎疫情的调查分析[J].安徽预防医学杂志,2016,22(2):87-90.
[8] LOURY P,LE GUYADER FS,LE SAUX JC,et al. A norovirus oyster-related outbreak in a nursing home in France,january 2012[J].Epidemiol Infect,2015,143(12):2486-2493.
[9]陈建,何宇衡,钟剑明,等.深圳某小学一起诺如病毒胃肠炎暴发疫情调查[J].现代预防医学,2016,43(15):2848-2851.
[10] REPP KK,HOSTETLER TP,KEENE WE,et al. A norovirus outbreak related to contaminated environmental surfaces[J]. Infect Dis,2013,207(10):105-107.
[11] REPP KK,KEENE WE. A point-source norovirus outbreak caused by exposure to fomites[J]. Infect Dis,2012,205(11):1639-1641.
[12]宋灿磊,袁佳春,李澜,等.诺如病毒胃肠炎疫情密切接触者感染及环境污染状况调查[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2013,23(16):3290-3292.