基于AHP-DRASTIC评价模型的无锡市潜水污染风险评价
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摘要
潜水是无锡市生产、生活及农业用水的主要来源,潜水的污染风险评价是合理开发利用地下水资源、防止地下水污染的重要基础工作。针对无锡市潜水污染风险评价,文章采用层次分析法(analytic hierarchy process,AHP)与DRASTIC方法相结合的方法,定量和定性相结合分析影响因素的权重,并进行一致性检验,减少了评价过程中人为因素的影响;利用差分法对评价结果进行等级划分并成图。评价结果显示,无锡市大部分潜水污染风险评价等级为中等、较差,部分地区污染风险等级为较好,局部污染风险等级为差或好。
Phreatic water is one of the main water sources for the production, living and agriculture in Wuxi City. The pollution risk assessment of phreatic water is an important basic work for rational development and utilization of groundwater resources and prevention of groundwater pollution. Aiming at the pollution risk assessment of phreatic water in Wuxi City, and based on the analytic hierarchy process(AHP) with DRASTIC model, the weights of the influencing factors are analyzed with quantitative and qualitative method and the consistency of the influencing factors is tested. The method reduces the impact of human factors in the evaluation process. The evaluation results are graded by using difference methods and the final figures are made. The results show that the level of phreatic water risk assessment is medium or poor in most areas, better in some areas and poor or good in local areas.
Phreatic water is one of the main water sources for the production, living and agriculture in Wuxi City. The pollution risk assessment of phreatic water is an important basic work for rational development and utilization of groundwater resources and prevention of groundwater pollution. Aiming at the pollution risk assessment of phreatic water in Wuxi City, and based on the analytic hierarchy process(AHP) with DRASTIC model, the weights of the influencing factors are analyzed with quantitative and qualitative method and the consistency of the influencing factors is tested. The method reduces the impact of human factors in the evaluation process. The evaluation results are graded by using difference methods and the final figures are made. The results show that the level of phreatic water risk assessment is medium or poor in most areas, better in some areas and poor or good in local areas.
引文
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[2] DHUNDI R P,AKIRA H,ISAO A,et al.Groundwater vulnerability assessment in shallow aquifer of Kathmandu Valley using GIS-based DRASTIC model[J].Environmental Geology,2009,57(7):1569-1578.
[3] PRASAD R K,SINGH V S,KRISHNAMACHARYULU S K G,et al.Application of drastic model and GIS:for assessing vulnerability in hard rock granitic aquifer[J].Environmental Monitoring and Assessment,2011,176:143-155.
[4] 滕彦国,苏洁,翟远征,等.地下水污染风险评价的迭置指数法研究综述[J].地球科学进展,2012,27(10):1140-1147.
[5] 周书葵,曾光明,许仕荣.铀尾矿库核素对地下水环境污染风险评价方法的研究[C]//中国环境科学学会2009年学术年会论文集:第四卷.北京:中国环境科学出版社,2009:262-267.
[6] 吴登定,谢振华,林健.地下水污染脆弱性评价方法[J].地质通报,2005,24(10):1043-1047.
[7] 董亮,朱荫湄,胡勤海.应用DRASTIC 模型评价西湖流域地下水污染风险[J].应用生态学报,2002,13(2):217-225.
[8] FINIZIO A,VILLA S.Environment risk assessment for pesticides:a tool for decision-makers[J].Environmental Impact Assessment Review,2002,22(3):235-241.
[9] 孙爱荣,周爱国,梁合诚,等.九江市地下水易污性评价:基于DRASTIC 指标的模糊综合评价模型[J].长江流域资源与环境,2007,16(4):499-506.
[10] 江海浩,周书葵,陈朝猛,等.基于改进DRASTIC 模型、GIS 和层次分析法(AHP) 的地下水U(VI) 污染风险评价[J].环境工程,2015,33(3):113-117.
[11] 钟佐燊.地下水防污性能评价方法探讨[J].地学前缘 2005,12(增刊1):3-13.
[12] ALI E N.Aquifer vulnerability assessment using the DRASTIC model at Russeifa landfill,northeast Jordan[J].Environmental Geology,2004,47:51-62.
[13] 邓雪,李家铭,曾浩健,等.层次分析法权重计算方法分析及其应用研究[J].数学的实践与认识,2012,42(7):93-100.
[14] CAROLINE S V D K,SUZANNE J M H H,TEUNIS L.Comparing uncertain alternatives for a possible airport island location in the North Sea[J].Ocean and Coastal Management,2003,46(11/12):1031-1047.
[15] KANG S M.A sensitivity analysis of the Korean composite environmental index[J].Ecological Economics,2002,43(2/3):159-174.
[16] CHIANG C M, LAI C M.A study on the comprehensive indicator of indoor environment assessment for occupants’ health in Taiwan[J].Building and Environment,2002,37(4):387-392.
[17] 汪应洛.系统工程[M].2版.北京:机械工业出版社,2003:130-140.