腐殖酸影响剩余污泥厌氧消化过程实验研究
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摘要
以实验室培养、几乎不含腐殖质和金属离子的剩余污泥作为研究对象,选择与市政污泥中腐殖酸特征相近的市售腐殖酸为外加填充物,实验研究污泥中所含腐殖质对污泥厌氧消化过程的抑制作用.通过设置腐殖酸不同投加比例(0、5%、10%、15%和20%,以VSS计),探究腐殖酸对厌氧消化不同过程的影响.实验结果表明,腐殖酸抑制厌氧消化生物气产气量.填加15%腐殖酸时对厌氧消化产气量抑制作用最为明显,较未添加腐殖酸对照组产气量下降了35%;但并未对生物气中CH_4体积比产生太大影响,说明抑制影响是对生物气整体性的.腐殖酸亦可抑制厌氧水解过程,投加20%腐殖酸实验组实验结束时残留于上清液中的溶解性多糖、蛋白质浓度分别是对照组的2.2和1.6倍.然而,腐殖酸作为外源电子受体,可以在一定程度上促进酸化过程,其程度在填加20%腐殖酸实验组表现最高,较对照组VFAs提高了11.3%.腐殖酸投加未对系统pH产生明显影响,各实验组pH值均在7.09~7.54间变化.
Based on excess sludge cultured in laboratory with little humic substances and metals,merchandized humic acid which is similar to humic acid in municipal sludge in characteristics was selected to ascertain the impacting processes on anaerobic digestion of excess sludge. By setting the different dosing ratios of humic acid in the sludge( 0,5%,10%,15% and 20%,based on VSS),the experiments were used to explore the effects of humic acid on the different processes of anaerobic digestion. The experimental results indicate that humic acid inhibited biogas production. Dosing 15% of humic acid in the sludge resulted in the most serious inhibition on biogas,with the 35% decrease in biogas production compared to the control experiment without dosing humic acid; the decrease of biogas production did not change the CH_4 volume ratio in biogas,which reveals that the inhibition on biogas was comprehensive. Humic acid also inhibited the hydrolysis process of anaerobic digestion; residual soluble polysaccharides and protein in supernatant with dosing 20% of humic acid were respectively 2. 2 and 1. 6 times higher than the control experiment. However,humic acid could slightly promote the acidification process,behaving the highest increase( 11. 3%) on VFAs in the experiment with dosing 20% of humic acid. Dosing humic acid did not significantly affect pH in the experimental system,all in the range of 7.09 ~ 7.54.
Based on excess sludge cultured in laboratory with little humic substances and metals,merchandized humic acid which is similar to humic acid in municipal sludge in characteristics was selected to ascertain the impacting processes on anaerobic digestion of excess sludge. By setting the different dosing ratios of humic acid in the sludge( 0,5%,10%,15% and 20%,based on VSS),the experiments were used to explore the effects of humic acid on the different processes of anaerobic digestion. The experimental results indicate that humic acid inhibited biogas production. Dosing 15% of humic acid in the sludge resulted in the most serious inhibition on biogas,with the 35% decrease in biogas production compared to the control experiment without dosing humic acid; the decrease of biogas production did not change the CH_4 volume ratio in biogas,which reveals that the inhibition on biogas was comprehensive. Humic acid also inhibited the hydrolysis process of anaerobic digestion; residual soluble polysaccharides and protein in supernatant with dosing 20% of humic acid were respectively 2. 2 and 1. 6 times higher than the control experiment. However,humic acid could slightly promote the acidification process,behaving the highest increase( 11. 3%) on VFAs in the experiment with dosing 20% of humic acid. Dosing humic acid did not significantly affect pH in the experimental system,all in the range of 7.09 ~ 7.54.
引文
Akio I,Takehiko F,Kazuo M,et al.2002.Characterization of dissolved organic matter in effluents from wastewater treatment plants[J].Water Research,36(4):859-870
American Public Health Association,American Water Works Association,Water Pollution Control Federation,et al.2012.Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater[M].Washington,D C:United Book Press
Bolzonella D,Cavinato C,Fatone F,et al.2012.High rate mesophilic,thermophilic,and temperature phased anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge:a pilot scale study[J].Waste Management,32(6):1196-1201
Cervantes F J,de Bok F A,Duong-Dac T,et al.2002.Reduction of humic substances by halorespiring,sulphate-reducing and methanogenic microorganisms[J].Environmental Microbiology,4(1):51-57
Cervantes F J,van der Velde S,Lettinga G,et al.2000.Competition between methanogenesis and quinone respiration for ecologically important substrates in anaerobic consortia[J].Fems Microbiology Ecology,34(2):161-171
Chaplin M F,Kennedy J F.1994.Carbohydrate analysis:a practical approach[M].Oxford:Oxford University Press
Dos Santos A B,Cervantes F J,van Lier J B.2004.Azo dye reduction by thermophilic anaerobic granular sludge,and the impact of the redox mediator anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate(AQDS)on the reductive biochemical transformation[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,64(1):62-69
Duan N,Dong B,Wu B,et al.2012.High-solid anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge under mesophilic conditions:feasibility study[J].Bioresource Technology,104(104):150-156
El-Fadel M,Massoud M.2001.Methane emissions from wastewater management[J].Environmental Pollution,114(2):177-185
Eliosov B,Argaman Y.1995.Hydrolysis of particulate organics in activated sludge systems[J].Water Research,29(1):155-163
Fernandes T V,Lier J B V,Zeeman G.2014.Humic acid-like and fulvic acid-like inhibition on the hydrolysis of cellulose and tributyrin[J].Bioenergy Research,8(2):821-831
Ferry J G.2010.The chemical biology of methanogenesis[J].Planetary and Space Science,58(14):1775-1783
Fischer R,Thauer R K.1990.Ferredoxin-dependent methane formation from acetate in cell extracts of Methanosarcina barkeri(strain MS)[J].Febs Letters,269(2):368-372
Frlund B,Griebe T,Nielsen P H.1995.Enzymatic activity in the activated-sludge floc matrix[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,43(4):755-761
付胜涛,严晓菊,付英.2006.剩余活性污泥和厨余垃圾的混合中温厌氧消化[J].环境科学,27(7):1459-1463
郝晓地,曹兴坤,王吉敏,等.2013.剩余污泥中木质纤维素稳定并转化能源可行性分析[J].环境科学学报,33(5):1215-1223
Hao X D,Liu R B,Huang X.2015.Evaluation of the potential for operating carbon neutral WWTPs in China[J].Water Research,87:424-431
郝晓地,魏静,曹亚莉.2014a.美国碳中和运行成功案例---Sheboygan污水处理厂[J].中国给水排水,(24):1-6
郝晓地,张璇蕾,刘然彬,等.2014b.剩余污泥转化能源的瓶颈与突破技术[J].中国给水排水,(18):1-7
胡纪萃.2003.废水厌氧生物处理理论与技术[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社
Imai A,Fukushima T,Matsushige K,et al.2002.Characterization of dissolved organic matter in effluents from wastewater treatment plants[J].Water Research,36(4):859-870
金鹏康,石彦丽,任武昂.2015.城市污水处理过程中溶解性有机物转化特性[J].环境工程学报,(1):1-6
Kampschreur M J,Temmink H,Kleerebezem R,et al.2009.Nitrous oxide emission during wastewater treatment[J].Water Research,43(17):4093-4103
Liu K,Chen Y,Xiao N,et al.2015.Effect of humic acids with different characteristics on fermentative short-chain fatty acids production from waste activated sludge[J].Environmental Science and Technology,49(8):4929
马晨,周顺桂,庄莉,等.2011.微生物胞外呼吸电子传递机制研究进展[J].生态学报,31(7):2008-2018
Mcdonnell R,Holden N M,Ward S M,et al.2001.Characteristics of humic substances in heathland and forested peat soils of the Wicklow Mountains[J].Biology and Environment Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy,101B(3):187-197
Mehta T,Coppi M V,Childers S E,et al.2005.Outer membrane c-type cytochromes required for Fe(III)and Mn(IV)oxide reduction in Geobacter sulfurreducens[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,71(12):8634-8641
任冰倩.2015.腐殖酸抑制厌氧消化过程实验研究[D].北京:北京建筑大学.1-46
任南琪,王宝贞,马放.1995.有机废水产酸发酵的生理生态学分析[J].中国沼气,(1):1-6
Sahm H.1984.Anaerobic wastewater treatment[M].Berlin Heidelberg:Springer
Schnitzer M,Khan S U.1974.Humic substances in the environment[J].Journal of Environmental Quality,3(2):186
Scott D T,Mc Knight D M,Blunt-Harris E L,et al.1998.Quinone moieties act as electron acceptors in the reduction of humic substances by humics-reducing microorganisms[J].Environmental Science and Technology,32(19):2984-2989
沈萍,陈向东.2007.微生物学实验(第四版)[M].北京:高等教育出版社
Swift R S,Sparks D L,Page A L,et al.1996.Organic matter characterization[J].Methods of soil analysis.Part 3 Soil Science Society of American Society of Agnomy:Madison,Wisconsin,1011-1069
唐家桓,刘毅,周顺桂,等.2014.电活性生物膜:形成、表征及应用[J].应用与环境生物学报,20(6):1096-1103
Thurman E M.1985.Aquatic humic substances[M].Netherlands:Springer
Uchimiya M,Stone A T.2009.Reversible redox chemistry of quinones:impact on biogeochemical cycles[J].Chemosphere,77(4):451
Weemaes M,Grootaerd H,Simoens F,et al.2000.Anaerobic digestion of ozonized biosolids[J].Water Research,34(99):2330-2336
Zhang J,Yao C,Zheng P,et al.2017.Synergistic effects of anaerobic digestion from sewage sludge with lime mud[J].International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,42(16):12022-12031
张自杰.2000.排水工程(第四版)[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社
American Public Health Association,American Water Works Association,Water Pollution Control Federation,et al.2012.Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater[M].Washington,D C:United Book Press
Bolzonella D,Cavinato C,Fatone F,et al.2012.High rate mesophilic,thermophilic,and temperature phased anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge:a pilot scale study[J].Waste Management,32(6):1196-1201
Cervantes F J,de Bok F A,Duong-Dac T,et al.2002.Reduction of humic substances by halorespiring,sulphate-reducing and methanogenic microorganisms[J].Environmental Microbiology,4(1):51-57
Cervantes F J,van der Velde S,Lettinga G,et al.2000.Competition between methanogenesis and quinone respiration for ecologically important substrates in anaerobic consortia[J].Fems Microbiology Ecology,34(2):161-171
Chaplin M F,Kennedy J F.1994.Carbohydrate analysis:a practical approach[M].Oxford:Oxford University Press
Dos Santos A B,Cervantes F J,van Lier J B.2004.Azo dye reduction by thermophilic anaerobic granular sludge,and the impact of the redox mediator anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate(AQDS)on the reductive biochemical transformation[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,64(1):62-69
Duan N,Dong B,Wu B,et al.2012.High-solid anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge under mesophilic conditions:feasibility study[J].Bioresource Technology,104(104):150-156
El-Fadel M,Massoud M.2001.Methane emissions from wastewater management[J].Environmental Pollution,114(2):177-185
Eliosov B,Argaman Y.1995.Hydrolysis of particulate organics in activated sludge systems[J].Water Research,29(1):155-163
Fernandes T V,Lier J B V,Zeeman G.2014.Humic acid-like and fulvic acid-like inhibition on the hydrolysis of cellulose and tributyrin[J].Bioenergy Research,8(2):821-831
Ferry J G.2010.The chemical biology of methanogenesis[J].Planetary and Space Science,58(14):1775-1783
Fischer R,Thauer R K.1990.Ferredoxin-dependent methane formation from acetate in cell extracts of Methanosarcina barkeri(strain MS)[J].Febs Letters,269(2):368-372
Frlund B,Griebe T,Nielsen P H.1995.Enzymatic activity in the activated-sludge floc matrix[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,43(4):755-761
付胜涛,严晓菊,付英.2006.剩余活性污泥和厨余垃圾的混合中温厌氧消化[J].环境科学,27(7):1459-1463
郝晓地,曹兴坤,王吉敏,等.2013.剩余污泥中木质纤维素稳定并转化能源可行性分析[J].环境科学学报,33(5):1215-1223
Hao X D,Liu R B,Huang X.2015.Evaluation of the potential for operating carbon neutral WWTPs in China[J].Water Research,87:424-431
郝晓地,魏静,曹亚莉.2014a.美国碳中和运行成功案例---Sheboygan污水处理厂[J].中国给水排水,(24):1-6
郝晓地,张璇蕾,刘然彬,等.2014b.剩余污泥转化能源的瓶颈与突破技术[J].中国给水排水,(18):1-7
胡纪萃.2003.废水厌氧生物处理理论与技术[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社
Imai A,Fukushima T,Matsushige K,et al.2002.Characterization of dissolved organic matter in effluents from wastewater treatment plants[J].Water Research,36(4):859-870
金鹏康,石彦丽,任武昂.2015.城市污水处理过程中溶解性有机物转化特性[J].环境工程学报,(1):1-6
Kampschreur M J,Temmink H,Kleerebezem R,et al.2009.Nitrous oxide emission during wastewater treatment[J].Water Research,43(17):4093-4103
Liu K,Chen Y,Xiao N,et al.2015.Effect of humic acids with different characteristics on fermentative short-chain fatty acids production from waste activated sludge[J].Environmental Science and Technology,49(8):4929
马晨,周顺桂,庄莉,等.2011.微生物胞外呼吸电子传递机制研究进展[J].生态学报,31(7):2008-2018
Mcdonnell R,Holden N M,Ward S M,et al.2001.Characteristics of humic substances in heathland and forested peat soils of the Wicklow Mountains[J].Biology and Environment Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy,101B(3):187-197
Mehta T,Coppi M V,Childers S E,et al.2005.Outer membrane c-type cytochromes required for Fe(III)and Mn(IV)oxide reduction in Geobacter sulfurreducens[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,71(12):8634-8641
任冰倩.2015.腐殖酸抑制厌氧消化过程实验研究[D].北京:北京建筑大学.1-46
任南琪,王宝贞,马放.1995.有机废水产酸发酵的生理生态学分析[J].中国沼气,(1):1-6
Sahm H.1984.Anaerobic wastewater treatment[M].Berlin Heidelberg:Springer
Schnitzer M,Khan S U.1974.Humic substances in the environment[J].Journal of Environmental Quality,3(2):186
Scott D T,Mc Knight D M,Blunt-Harris E L,et al.1998.Quinone moieties act as electron acceptors in the reduction of humic substances by humics-reducing microorganisms[J].Environmental Science and Technology,32(19):2984-2989
沈萍,陈向东.2007.微生物学实验(第四版)[M].北京:高等教育出版社
Swift R S,Sparks D L,Page A L,et al.1996.Organic matter characterization[J].Methods of soil analysis.Part 3 Soil Science Society of American Society of Agnomy:Madison,Wisconsin,1011-1069
唐家桓,刘毅,周顺桂,等.2014.电活性生物膜:形成、表征及应用[J].应用与环境生物学报,20(6):1096-1103
Thurman E M.1985.Aquatic humic substances[M].Netherlands:Springer
Uchimiya M,Stone A T.2009.Reversible redox chemistry of quinones:impact on biogeochemical cycles[J].Chemosphere,77(4):451
Weemaes M,Grootaerd H,Simoens F,et al.2000.Anaerobic digestion of ozonized biosolids[J].Water Research,34(99):2330-2336
Zhang J,Yao C,Zheng P,et al.2017.Synergistic effects of anaerobic digestion from sewage sludge with lime mud[J].International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,42(16):12022-12031
张自杰.2000.排水工程(第四版)[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社