触及生命与爱的个人情感——论罗兰·巴特之《明室》
|
摘要
《明室·摄影札记》是罗兰·巴特对摄影的本质进行探究的一部经典著作。在《明室》中,巴特以"无拘无束的现象学"方法寻找照片的个体化阅读与情感互动体验,论述了"知面"和"刺点"的二元共存;在此基础上,依循其主观体验敏锐地发现摄影的本质为"此曾在",指出摄影揭示了文化的连续性以及生命与死亡、经验和情感的循环,并最终通过"献出自己"在摄影的本质中窥见了生命与爱之永恒境界。相较本雅明对摄影渗透社会和物质条件的能力的关注,巴特提出了一种新的"如何谈论摄影"的可能性,为我们提供了关于摄影的独到见解和可贵经验,使《明室》拥有了历久弥新的阅读价值。
Camera Lucida: Reflections on Photography is a classic book exploring the nature of photography by Roland Barthes. In it, Barthes used his "Casual Phenomenology" to find individualized reading and emotional experience interacting with photos, and then discussed the binary coexistence of "Studium" and "Punctum." On this basis, he followed the main axis with his subjective experience, eloquently and keenly discovered that the essence of photography is "that-has-been," indicating that photography reveals the continuity of culture, the cycle of life and death, experience and emotion, and finally glimpsed the eternal realm of life and love in the nature of photography by "dedicating oneself." Compared with Benjamin's focus on the ability of photography to permeate social and physical conditions, Barthes proposed a new possibility of "how to discuss photography," providing us with unique insights and valuable experiences about photography, ensuring Camera Lucida's value.
Camera Lucida: Reflections on Photography is a classic book exploring the nature of photography by Roland Barthes. In it, Barthes used his "Casual Phenomenology" to find individualized reading and emotional experience interacting with photos, and then discussed the binary coexistence of "Studium" and "Punctum." On this basis, he followed the main axis with his subjective experience, eloquently and keenly discovered that the essence of photography is "that-has-been," indicating that photography reveals the continuity of culture, the cycle of life and death, experience and emotion, and finally glimpsed the eternal realm of life and love in the nature of photography by "dedicating oneself." Compared with Benjamin's focus on the ability of photography to permeate social and physical conditions, Barthes proposed a new possibility of "how to discuss photography," providing us with unique insights and valuable experiences about photography, ensuring Camera Lucida's value.
引文
Barthes,Roland.Camera Lucinda:Reflections on Photography.New York:Hill&Wang,1981.
Benjamin,Walter.“The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction.”Illuminations:Essays and Reflections.Ed.Hannah Arendt.Trans.Harry Zohn.New York:Schocken,1969.217-51.
Bru?,Teresa.“Still Alive:Photographic Portraits of the Mother in Roland Barthes and Tadeusz Ró?ewicz.”Prose Studies 33.1(2011):62-73.
Butchart,Garnrt C.“The Communicology of Roland Barthes’s Camera Lucida:Reflections on the Sign-Body Experience of Communication.”Visual Communication 15.2(2016):199-219.
Dant,Tim,and Graeme Gilloch.“Pictures of the Past:Benjamin and Barthes on Photography and History.”European Journal of Cultural Studies 5.1(2002):5-23.
Debord,Guy.Comments on the Society of the Spectacle.London:Verso,1990.
Dennis,Kelly.“Benjamin,Atget and the‘Readymade’Politics of Postmodern Photography Studies.”Photography:Theoretical Snapshots.Ed.J.J.Long,et al.New York:Routledge,2009.112-24.
Nevin,Daniel.Photography and the Paradigm of the Trace.Diss.Edith Cowan University,2013.
Ranciere,Jacques.The Emancipated Spectator.London:Verso,2009.
-.The Future of the Image.London:Verso,2007.
Sentilles,Sarah.“The Photograph as Mystery:Theological Language and Ethical Looking in Roland Barthes’s Camera Lucid.”The Journal of Religion 90.4(2010):507-29.
Tolonen,Juha.“Photography Degree Zero:Reflections on Roland Barthes’s Camera Lucida.”Journal of Media and Cultural Studies 26.2(2012):327-30.
Yacavone,Kathrin.“Reading through Photography:Roland Barthes’s Last Seminar‘Proust et la Photographie.’”French Forum 34.1(2009):97-112.
巴特:《罗兰·巴特访谈录》,刘森尧译。台北:桂冠出版社,2004。[Barthes,Roland.Interview with Roland Barthes.Trans.Liu Senyao.Taipei:Gui Guan,2004.]
巴特:《罗兰巴特论罗兰巴特》,刘森尧译。台北:桂冠出版社,2002。[Barthes,Roland.Roland Barthes par Roland Barthes.Trans.Liu Senyao.Taipei:Gui Guan,2002.]
巴特:《明室:摄影札记》,许绮玲译。台北:台湾摄影,1995。[Barthes,Roland.Camera Lucinda:Reflections on Photography.Trans.Xu Qiling.Taipei:Photography Taiwan,1995.]
本雅明:《摄影小史》,许绮玲译,载萧永盛编《迎向灵光消逝的年代》(台北:台湾摄影,1998),第9-56页。[Benjamin,Walter.“A Small History of Photography.”To the Era of the Aura Disappearance.Trans.Xu Qiling.Ed.Xiao Yongsheng.Taipei:Photography Taiwan,1998.9-56.]
卡勒尔:《罗兰·巴特》,方谦译。台北:桂冠出版社,1998。[Culler,Jonathan.Roland Barthes.Trans.Fang Qian.Taipei:Gui Guan,1998.]
a笔者认为,朗西埃这里的“发生事件”并不一定是满足期待的事件。
Benjamin,Walter.“The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction.”Illuminations:Essays and Reflections.Ed.Hannah Arendt.Trans.Harry Zohn.New York:Schocken,1969.217-51.
Bru?,Teresa.“Still Alive:Photographic Portraits of the Mother in Roland Barthes and Tadeusz Ró?ewicz.”Prose Studies 33.1(2011):62-73.
Butchart,Garnrt C.“The Communicology of Roland Barthes’s Camera Lucida:Reflections on the Sign-Body Experience of Communication.”Visual Communication 15.2(2016):199-219.
Dant,Tim,and Graeme Gilloch.“Pictures of the Past:Benjamin and Barthes on Photography and History.”European Journal of Cultural Studies 5.1(2002):5-23.
Debord,Guy.Comments on the Society of the Spectacle.London:Verso,1990.
Dennis,Kelly.“Benjamin,Atget and the‘Readymade’Politics of Postmodern Photography Studies.”Photography:Theoretical Snapshots.Ed.J.J.Long,et al.New York:Routledge,2009.112-24.
Nevin,Daniel.Photography and the Paradigm of the Trace.Diss.Edith Cowan University,2013.
Ranciere,Jacques.The Emancipated Spectator.London:Verso,2009.
-.The Future of the Image.London:Verso,2007.
Sentilles,Sarah.“The Photograph as Mystery:Theological Language and Ethical Looking in Roland Barthes’s Camera Lucid.”The Journal of Religion 90.4(2010):507-29.
Tolonen,Juha.“Photography Degree Zero:Reflections on Roland Barthes’s Camera Lucida.”Journal of Media and Cultural Studies 26.2(2012):327-30.
Yacavone,Kathrin.“Reading through Photography:Roland Barthes’s Last Seminar‘Proust et la Photographie.’”French Forum 34.1(2009):97-112.
巴特:《罗兰·巴特访谈录》,刘森尧译。台北:桂冠出版社,2004。[Barthes,Roland.Interview with Roland Barthes.Trans.Liu Senyao.Taipei:Gui Guan,2004.]
巴特:《罗兰巴特论罗兰巴特》,刘森尧译。台北:桂冠出版社,2002。[Barthes,Roland.Roland Barthes par Roland Barthes.Trans.Liu Senyao.Taipei:Gui Guan,2002.]
巴特:《明室:摄影札记》,许绮玲译。台北:台湾摄影,1995。[Barthes,Roland.Camera Lucinda:Reflections on Photography.Trans.Xu Qiling.Taipei:Photography Taiwan,1995.]
本雅明:《摄影小史》,许绮玲译,载萧永盛编《迎向灵光消逝的年代》(台北:台湾摄影,1998),第9-56页。[Benjamin,Walter.“A Small History of Photography.”To the Era of the Aura Disappearance.Trans.Xu Qiling.Ed.Xiao Yongsheng.Taipei:Photography Taiwan,1998.9-56.]
卡勒尔:《罗兰·巴特》,方谦译。台北:桂冠出版社,1998。[Culler,Jonathan.Roland Barthes.Trans.Fang Qian.Taipei:Gui Guan,1998.]
a笔者认为,朗西埃这里的“发生事件”并不一定是满足期待的事件。