营养膳食指导对糖尿病患者血糖及血脂的影响分析
摘要
目的探讨营养膳食指导对糖尿病患者血糖、血脂及体重指数(body mass index,BMI)的影响,为今后糖尿病饮食治疗提供理论依据。方法选取2型糖尿病患者86例,按随机数字表法分为试验组和对照组各43例。2组均接受《中国糖尿病膳食指南(2017)》相关知识教育,每周监测空腹指尖血糖。试验组在此基础上制定个体化每周膳食食谱。比较2组治疗前和治疗3个月后BMI、糖化血红蛋白(glycated hemoglobin A1c,HbA1c)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)、三酰甘油(triglyceride,TG)、总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、空腹指尖血糖变化。结果治疗前,2组BMI、HbA1c、TG、TC、LDL-C差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗3个月后,试验组组内BMI、HbA1c、TG、TC、LDL-C较治疗前明显减低,对照组组内BMI、HbA1c、TG、TC、LDL-C较治疗前减低;经治疗试验组BMI、HbA1c、TG、TC、LDL-C明显低于对照组(P<0.05),试验组空腹血糖达标率明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论合理膳食营养为糖尿病治疗的重要组成部分,糖尿病患者在常规药物治疗基础上接受个体化营养膳食指导可更加有效减重、降糖、降脂。
引文
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[2] American Diabetes Association. Erratum.Microvascular Complications and Foot Care.Sec.10.In Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2017.Diabetes Care 2017;40(Supple.1);S88-S98[J].Diabetes Care,2017,40(7):986.
[3]《中西医结合护理(中英文)》编辑部.《中国糖尿病膳食指南(2017)》核心推荐意见[J].中西医结合护理(中英文),2017,3(6):133.
[4]殷俊,杨爱萍,倪维杰.老年糖尿病合并高脂血症患者社区营养干预的效果评价[J].当代医学,2018,24(7):19-21.
[5] Zou Y,Zhang R,Xia S,et al.Dietary patterns and obesity among Chinese adults:results from a household-based crosssectional study[J].Int J Environ Res Public Health,2017,14(5):E487.
[6] Rodríguez-Monforte M,Snchez E,Barrio F,et al.Metabolic syndrome and dietary patterns:a systematic review and metaanalysis of observational studies[J].Eur J Nutr,2017,56(3):925-947.
[7]夏阳,吴红梅,杜焕民,等.膳食模式与代谢综合征的研究进展[J].医学综述,2015,21(12):2212-2214.
[8] Rezagholizadeh F,Djafarian K,Khosravi S,et al.A posteriori healthy dietary patterns may decrease the risk of central obesity:findings from a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Nutr Res,2017,41:1-13.
[9]王天星,王天恒,高桂珍,等.承德市社区糖尿病现状及综合干预效果分析[J].医学动物防制,2011,27(1):75-76,78.
[10]杨丽,姜红,许芳,等.糖尿病与膳食模式的相关性分析[J].国外医学(医学地理分册),2017,38(2):147-150.
[11] Maghsoudi Z,Ghiasvand R,Salehi-Abargouei A.Empirically derived dietary patterns and incident type 2diabetes mellitus:a systematic review and meta-analysis on prospective observational studies[J].Public Health Nutr,2016,19(2):230-241.
[12] Ye EQ,Chacko SA,Chou EL,et al.Greater whole-grain intake is associated with lower risk of type 2 diabetes,cardiovascular disease,and weight gain[J].J Nutr,2012,142(7):1304-1313.