一次地形加强贵州暖区暴雨成因分析
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摘要
利用常规气象资料、FNL再分析及雷达卫星资料等对2015年5月26—27日发生在贵州一次区域性暖区暴雨进行分析,结果表明:此次特大暴雨发生前期副高稳定少动,暴雨临近时高空影响槽东移,中低层切变线南压及暖湿气流辐合加强触发了暴雨的发生,暴雨发生在辐合线附近,无明显的冷空气影响,为典型的暖区暴雨;雷公山地形增强了气流辐合和地形抬升使其西南气流垂直上升运动较强,低空为强辐合区;低层高温高湿高能环境,有利于降水效率的提高,切变线两侧风速风向的辐合为暴雨的发生发展提供了充足的动力条件;降水过程强回波呈低质心、降水效率高的热带降水型特征,多个对流单体不断生消发展,在黔东南西部表现为明显的"列车效应";卫星云图显示特大暴雨落区及强度与TBB的变化有很好的对应关系。
By using conventional meteorological data and FNL,and satellite data and radar,a regional rainstorm in Guizhou in the warm area occurred on May 26,2015 and 27 was analyzed. The results show that: during the early phase of the heavy rainstorm,the subtropical high was stable,when the rain storm approached,the upper influential trough moved eastward,in the low level shear line southward and warm air convergence strengthening triggered the occurrence of rainstorm,rainstorm occurred in the vicinity of the convergence line,no obvious influence of cold air,the warm area of typical rainstorm; enhance the convergence current and Leigong Mountain Terrain Elevation landscapes that southwest air vertical motion is strong,low altitude strong convergence zone; high energy environment low layer of high temperature and high humidity,conducive to precipitation to improve the efficiency of the dynamic conditions sufficient convergence shear on both sides of wind speed and direction for the development of the rainstorm precipitation process; strong echo centroid,the precipitation efficiency is low The characteristics of tropical precipitation patterns,several convective dissipation constant development in Western Qiandongnan is obviously the " train effect"; satellite images show good corresponding relationship between the large falling area and intensity of rainstorm and TBB changes.
By using conventional meteorological data and FNL,and satellite data and radar,a regional rainstorm in Guizhou in the warm area occurred on May 26,2015 and 27 was analyzed. The results show that: during the early phase of the heavy rainstorm,the subtropical high was stable,when the rain storm approached,the upper influential trough moved eastward,in the low level shear line southward and warm air convergence strengthening triggered the occurrence of rainstorm,rainstorm occurred in the vicinity of the convergence line,no obvious influence of cold air,the warm area of typical rainstorm; enhance the convergence current and Leigong Mountain Terrain Elevation landscapes that southwest air vertical motion is strong,low altitude strong convergence zone; high energy environment low layer of high temperature and high humidity,conducive to precipitation to improve the efficiency of the dynamic conditions sufficient convergence shear on both sides of wind speed and direction for the development of the rainstorm precipitation process; strong echo centroid,the precipitation efficiency is low The characteristics of tropical precipitation patterns,several convective dissipation constant development in Western Qiandongnan is obviously the " train effect"; satellite images show good corresponding relationship between the large falling area and intensity of rainstorm and TBB changes.
引文
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[2]刘莉娟,张润琼,寿绍文,等.2000年6月贵州罕见强降水天气过程的成因分析[J].贵州气象,2010,3(37):843-855.
[3]付显荣,池再香,段荣,等.2012年7月贵州西部一次局地暴雨诊断分析[J].贵州气象,2013,3(37):41-44.
[4]贵州省新版预报员手册[M].黔东南州气象局翻印,2008:82-156.
[5]陈翔翔,丁治英,刘彩虹,等.2000—2009年5、6月华南暖区暴雨形成系统统计分析[J].热带气象学报,2009,28(5):707-718.
[6]夏茹娣,赵思雄,孙建华.一类华南锋前暖区暴雨β中尺度系统环境特征的分析研究[J].大气科学,2006,30(5):988-1008.
[7]张晓美,蒙伟光,张艳霞,等.华南暖区暴雨中尺度对流系统的分析[J].热带气象学报,2009,25(5):551-560.
[8]叶朗明,苗峻峰.华南一次典型回流暖区暴雨过程的中尺度分析[J].暴雨灾害,2014,33(4):342-350.
[9]黄士松.华南前汛期暴雨[M].广州:广东科技出版社,1986.
[10]陈军,李小兰,喻义军,等.贵州一次暖区持续性区域大暴雨成因分析[J].气象研究与应用,2015,36(4):21-27.
[11]周明飞,杜小玲,熊伟,等.贵州初夏两次暖区暴雨的对比分析[J].气象,2014,40(2):185-195.
[12]杨静,罗宇翔,杨利群,等.贵州南部山区一次大暴雨的数值模拟[J].气象科学,2011,31(3):298-304.
[13]陈明,傅抱璞,于强.山区地形对暴雨的影响[J].地理学报,1995,50(3):256-263.
[14]段海霞,刘新伟.喇叭口地形对一次暴雨影响的数值试验[J],2009,4(27):327-333.
[15]Smith R B.Barstad I.A linear theory of orographic precipitation[J].J Atmos Sci,2004,61(12):1377-1391.
[16]赵玉春,李泽椿,王叶红,等.2006年6月5日—8日梅雨锋上中尺度对流系统引发福建北部暴雨的诊断分析[J].大气科学,2008,32(3):598-614.
[17]徐珺,杨舒楠,孙军,等.北方一次暖区大暴雨强降水成因探讨[J].气象,2014,40(12):1455-1463.
[18]叶爱英.多普勒雷达VWP产品在一次大暴雨过程中的特征[J].广东气象,2007,29(2):19-20.
[19]傅昺珊,岳艳霞,李国翠.TBB资料的处理及应用[J].气象,2006,32(2):40-45.
[20]张书余.云降水物理和人工增雨技术研究[M].北京:气象出版社,1994:201-205.