正面碰撞中基于中国人体尺寸的假人损伤响应研究
|
摘要
为探究中国乘员在汽车正面碰撞中的损伤响应,基于中国人体尺寸和现有混Ⅲ 50百分位假人有限元模型,采用全体段缩放方法建立了符合中国人体尺寸特征的中国人50百分位男性假人有限元模型。采用LS-DYNA建立并验证了某量产车型的驾驶员侧约束系统模型,对比分析了中国人50百分位男性假人与混Ⅲ 50百分位假人在同一正面碰撞工况下的损伤响应,并研究了安全气囊的起爆时间、排气孔直径和气体质量流率3个参数对两种假人的损伤影响。结果表明,与混Ⅲ 50百分位男性假人相比,中国50百分位男性假人的头部损伤风险较大,而胸部损伤可能较小;对于混Ⅲ 50百分位男性假人是最优的安全气囊参数未必能给对应的中国假人提供最优的保护,部分安全气囊参数对两种假人损伤的影响趋势甚至是相反的。
In order to investigate the injury responses of Chinese occupants in vehicle frontal crash, the FE model for Chinese 50 th-percentile male dummy conforming to Chinese anthropometric features is developed by scaling all body segments based on Chinese anthropometric data and the current FE model for Hybrid Ⅲ 50 th-percentile dummy. The model for the driver restraint system of a production car is established and validated with LS-DYNA, the injury responses of Chinese 50 th-percentile male dummy and Hybrid Ⅲ 50 th-percentile dummy under the same frontal crash condition are contrastively analyzed, and the effects of the ignition time, vent diameter and gas mass flow rate of airbag on the injury responses of these two dummies are studied. The results show that compared with Hybrid Ⅲ 50 th-percentile dummy, the Chinese 50 th-percentile male dummy has higher risk of head injury and may have a lower risk of thorax injury. The optimum airbag parameters for Hybrid Ⅲ 50 th-percentile dummy can't necessarily provide best protection for Chinese 50 th-percentile male dummy and the influence tendencies of some airbag parameters for these two dummies may even be just the opposite.
In order to investigate the injury responses of Chinese occupants in vehicle frontal crash, the FE model for Chinese 50 th-percentile male dummy conforming to Chinese anthropometric features is developed by scaling all body segments based on Chinese anthropometric data and the current FE model for Hybrid Ⅲ 50 th-percentile dummy. The model for the driver restraint system of a production car is established and validated with LS-DYNA, the injury responses of Chinese 50 th-percentile male dummy and Hybrid Ⅲ 50 th-percentile dummy under the same frontal crash condition are contrastively analyzed, and the effects of the ignition time, vent diameter and gas mass flow rate of airbag on the injury responses of these two dummies are studied. The results show that compared with Hybrid Ⅲ 50 th-percentile dummy, the Chinese 50 th-percentile male dummy has higher risk of head injury and may have a lower risk of thorax injury. The optimum airbag parameters for Hybrid Ⅲ 50 th-percentile dummy can't necessarily provide best protection for Chinese 50 th-percentile male dummy and the influence tendencies of some airbag parameters for these two dummies may even be just the opposite.
引文
[1] SCHNEIDER L W, HAFFNER M P, EPPINGER R H, et al. Development of an advanced ATD thorax system for improved injury assessment in frontal crash environments[R]. Stapp Car Crash Conference,1992:1175-1182.
[2] 张金换,杜汇良,马春生,等.汽车碰撞安全性设计[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2010.
[3] 国家技术监督局.中国成年人人体尺寸:GB 10000—88[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1988.
[4] MERTZ H J, JARRETT K, MOSS S, et al. The hybrid III 10-year-old dummy[J]. Stapp Car Crash Journal,2001,45:319.
[5] 朱宁宇.不同人体正碰响应分析及基于中国人体的约束系统优化[D].长沙:湖南大学,2010.
[6] 曹立波,余志刚,白中浩,等.中国假人模型与HybridⅢ假人模型碰撞响应的差异[J].中国机械工程,2009(3):370-374.
[7] 白中浩,曹立波,余志刚.中国50百分位人体与标准试验假人正碰响应差异的研究[C].2008中国汽车安全技术国际学术会议暨中国汽车工程学会汽车安全技术年会,2008.
[8] ZHANG J, YANG J, JIN X, et al. Differences of anthropometric dimensions between Chinese and American and the effects on drivers’ injury risks in vehicle frontal crash[J]. Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy,2016,7(2):175-181.
[9] 国家体育总局.2005年国民体质监测报告[M].北京:人民体育出版社,2006.
[10] 国家体育总局.2000年国民体质监测报告[M].北京:人民体育出版社,2001.
[11] 国家体育总局.2010年国民体质监测报告[M].北京:人民体育出版社,2011.
[12] 国家体育总局.2015年国民体质监测报告[M].北京:人民体育出版社,2016.
[13] SCHNEIDER L W. Development of anthropometrically based design specifications for an advanced adult anthropomorphic dummy family, volume 1-3, Final Report DOT-HS-806-715[R]. Washington: National High-way Traffic Safety Administration U.S., Department of Transportation,1983.
[14] CAO L, ZHANG K, Lü X, et al. Comparison of current ATDs with Chinese adults in anthropometry[J]. Traffic Injury Prevention, 2016, 17(4):430.
[15] MERTZ H J, IRWIN A L, MELVIN J W, et al. Size, weight and biomechanical impact response requirements for adult size small female and large male dummies[C]. SAE International Congress and Exposition,1989.
[16] DOT and NHTSA. 49 CFR part 571—federal motor vehicle safety standards No. 208 occupant crash protection[S]. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration,1971.
[2] 张金换,杜汇良,马春生,等.汽车碰撞安全性设计[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2010.
[3] 国家技术监督局.中国成年人人体尺寸:GB 10000—88[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1988.
[4] MERTZ H J, JARRETT K, MOSS S, et al. The hybrid III 10-year-old dummy[J]. Stapp Car Crash Journal,2001,45:319.
[5] 朱宁宇.不同人体正碰响应分析及基于中国人体的约束系统优化[D].长沙:湖南大学,2010.
[6] 曹立波,余志刚,白中浩,等.中国假人模型与HybridⅢ假人模型碰撞响应的差异[J].中国机械工程,2009(3):370-374.
[7] 白中浩,曹立波,余志刚.中国50百分位人体与标准试验假人正碰响应差异的研究[C].2008中国汽车安全技术国际学术会议暨中国汽车工程学会汽车安全技术年会,2008.
[8] ZHANG J, YANG J, JIN X, et al. Differences of anthropometric dimensions between Chinese and American and the effects on drivers’ injury risks in vehicle frontal crash[J]. Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy,2016,7(2):175-181.
[9] 国家体育总局.2005年国民体质监测报告[M].北京:人民体育出版社,2006.
[10] 国家体育总局.2000年国民体质监测报告[M].北京:人民体育出版社,2001.
[11] 国家体育总局.2010年国民体质监测报告[M].北京:人民体育出版社,2011.
[12] 国家体育总局.2015年国民体质监测报告[M].北京:人民体育出版社,2016.
[13] SCHNEIDER L W. Development of anthropometrically based design specifications for an advanced adult anthropomorphic dummy family, volume 1-3, Final Report DOT-HS-806-715[R]. Washington: National High-way Traffic Safety Administration U.S., Department of Transportation,1983.
[14] CAO L, ZHANG K, Lü X, et al. Comparison of current ATDs with Chinese adults in anthropometry[J]. Traffic Injury Prevention, 2016, 17(4):430.
[15] MERTZ H J, IRWIN A L, MELVIN J W, et al. Size, weight and biomechanical impact response requirements for adult size small female and large male dummies[C]. SAE International Congress and Exposition,1989.
[16] DOT and NHTSA. 49 CFR part 571—federal motor vehicle safety standards No. 208 occupant crash protection[S]. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration,1971.