不同地区黄土崩解特性的试验研究
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摘要
为研究不同黄土的崩解特性,探讨引起黄土崩解性差异的主要因素,对不同地区的黄土进行了室内崩解试验。通过对比各自的崩解形态、崩解时间、崩解程度等,发现粉土的崩解形态主要是散粒状;粉质黏土的崩解形态既有散粒状又有碎块状;粉土的崩解性明显强于粉质黏土,崩解更迅速彻底,持续的时间更短。根据试验数据绘制成崩解曲线,得到崩解率、崩解速率等指标。结合黄土的基本性质,对黄土的崩解特性进行分析,发现造成黄土崩解性差异的主要因素有颗粒级配、含水率、矿物成分等。其中,颗粒成分、矿物成分是造成粉土与黏性土崩解差异的主要因素。黏粒及黏土矿物等含量越多,崩解性越弱;黏粒含量越高,崩解形态越趋向块状;而含水率增加,黄土的崩解性减弱,且含水率对粉土崩解性的影响远小于粉质黏土。
To study the disintegration characteristics of different loess and explore some critical factors which causing the difference in disintegration,series of disintegration experiments of loess had been finished in different regions. Comparing these disintegration form,velocity,rate,and so on. then found that silt have granular form,while the silty clay mainly have granular and fragment form. The disintegration of silt are stronger than silty clay,it disintegrate quickly and fully,and only take a shorter time. Using these experimental data to draw the curve of disintegration,then got some indicators like disintegration velocity,disintegration rate,and so on. The basic properties of loess was combined to analyse the disintegration characteristics of different loess. The result show that the disintegration was related to grain composition,moisture content,mineral composition,and so on. The grain composition and mineral component are main factors which made great difference between silt and silty clay,the more clay particles and clay minerals content,the weaker for disintegration of loess,and the disintegration form approach block. While increasing the moisture content,the disintegration be weak deeply,but the impact caused by the moisture content to silt's disintegration are smaller than silty clay.
To study the disintegration characteristics of different loess and explore some critical factors which causing the difference in disintegration,series of disintegration experiments of loess had been finished in different regions. Comparing these disintegration form,velocity,rate,and so on. then found that silt have granular form,while the silty clay mainly have granular and fragment form. The disintegration of silt are stronger than silty clay,it disintegrate quickly and fully,and only take a shorter time. Using these experimental data to draw the curve of disintegration,then got some indicators like disintegration velocity,disintegration rate,and so on. The basic properties of loess was combined to analyse the disintegration characteristics of different loess. The result show that the disintegration was related to grain composition,moisture content,mineral composition,and so on. The grain composition and mineral component are main factors which made great difference between silt and silty clay,the more clay particles and clay minerals content,the weaker for disintegration of loess,and the disintegration form approach block. While increasing the moisture content,the disintegration be weak deeply,but the impact caused by the moisture content to silt's disintegration are smaller than silty clay.
引文
1 Terzaghi K,Peck R B.Soil mechanics in engineering practice(second edition).New York:John Wiley and Sons,1967
2 Gamble J C.Durability-plasticity classification of shales and other argillaceous rocks.Urbana-Champaign:University of Illinois,1971
3 Chugh Y P,Missavage R A.Effects of moisture on strata control in coal mines.Engineering Geology,1981,17(4):241-255
4 Ruizvera V M,Wu L.Influence of sodicity,clay mineralogy,prewetting rate,and their interaction on aggregate stability.Soil Science Society of America Journal,2006;70(6):1825-1833
5 Harris S.Disintegration of cohesive clay lumps used as soil-cement.Fems Immunology&Medical Microbiology,2010;59(1):18-32
6 Alalwan A S G,Aday S H,Ndewi D R.Filed study on the drought force of the compound subsoiler plow with moldboard and area of soil disintegration in a silty clay soil.Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal,2015;7(1):148-159
7谭鉴益.广西覆盖型岩溶区土层崩解机理研究.工程地质学报,2001;9(3):272-276Tan Jianyi.Study on disintegration mechanism of solum in covering karst zones in Guangxi province.Journal of Engineering Geology,2001;9(3):272-276
8张抒.广州地区花岗岩残积土崩解特性研究.武汉:中国地质大学,2009Zhang Shu.A study on disintegration behavior of granite residual soil in Guangzhou.Wuhan:China University of Geosciences,2009
9唐军,余沛,魏厚振,等.贵州玄武岩残积土崩解特性试验研究.工程地质学报,2011;19(5):778-783Tang Jun,Yu Pei,Wei Houzhen,et al.Slaking behaviour of weathered basalt residual soil in Guizhou.Journal of Engineering Geology,2011;19(5):778-783
10蒋定生,李新华.黄土高原土壤崩解速率变化规律及影响因素研究.水土保持通报,1995;(3):20-27Jiang Dingsheng,Li Xinhua.Research on the law of soil disintegration rate change and it's effect factors on the loess plateau.Bulletion of Soil and Water Conservation,1995;(3):20-27
11邹翔,张平仓,陈杰.小江流域土壤抗崩性实验研究.水土保持研究,2008;15(1):100-102Zou Xiang,Zhang Pingcang,Chen Jie.Study on soil anti-collapse ability in Xiaojiang River basin.Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2008;15(1):100-102
12刘明义,许晓鸿,刘艳军,等.不同植物带地埂土壤抗侵蚀效果研究.中国水土保持,2012;(7):43-45Liu Mingyi,Xu Xiaohong,Liu Yanjun,et al.Effects of soil amelioration with different soil and water conservation measures of eroded red soil region.Soil and Water Conservation in China,2012;(7):43-45
13王一峰,牛俊.长江中上游地区土壤崩解速率特征分析.长江科学院院报,2015;(3):40-43Wang Yifeng,Niu Jun.Soil disintegration rate in the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River.Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,2015;(3):40-43
14张卫.皖西大别山区不同土地利用类型的土壤抗侵蚀性---以安徽省岳西县为例.水土保持通报,2016;36(2):38-41Zhang Wei.Soil anti-erodibility under different landuse types in Dabie Mountainous area of western Anhui province-a case study in Yuexi county of Anhui province.Bulletion of Soil and Water Conservation,2016;36(2):38-41
15李家春,田伟平.工程压实黄土崩解试验研究.重庆交通大学学报:自然科学版,2005;24(5):74-77Li Jiachun,Tian Weiping.Experiment of compacted loess disintegration.Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University:Natural Science,2005;24(5):74-77
16李喜安,黄润秋,彭建兵.黄土崩解性试验研究.岩石力学与工程学报,2009;28(s1):3207-3213Li Xian,Huang Runqiu,Peng Jianbing.Experimental research on disintegration of loess.Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009;28(s1):3207-3213
17王菁莪,项伟,毕仁能.基质吸力对非饱和重塑黄土崩解性影响试验研究.岩土力学,2011;32(11):3258-3262Wang Jinge,Xiang Wei,Bi Renneng.Experimental study of influence of matric suction on disintegration of unsaturated remolded loess.Rock and Soil Mechanics.2011;32(11):3258-3262
18高建伟,余宏明,钱玉智,等.重塑黄土崩解特性试验研究.长江科学院院报,2014;31(10):146-150,155Gao Jianwei,Yu Hongming,Qian Yuzhi,et al.Experimental study on disintegration characteristics of remolded loess.Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,2014;31(10):146-150,155
19王念秦,魏精瑞.陕西关中地区离石黄土崩解速率实验研究.工程地质学报,2015;23(5):954-958Wang Nianqin,Wei Jingrui.Experimental study on disintegration rate of Lishi loess in Guanzhong region of Shaanxi province.Journal of Engineering Geology,2015;23(5):954-958
20中华人民共和国建设部.GB 50007-2011:建筑地基基础设计规范.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2012Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China.GB 50007-2011:Code for design of building foundations.Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2012
2 Gamble J C.Durability-plasticity classification of shales and other argillaceous rocks.Urbana-Champaign:University of Illinois,1971
3 Chugh Y P,Missavage R A.Effects of moisture on strata control in coal mines.Engineering Geology,1981,17(4):241-255
4 Ruizvera V M,Wu L.Influence of sodicity,clay mineralogy,prewetting rate,and their interaction on aggregate stability.Soil Science Society of America Journal,2006;70(6):1825-1833
5 Harris S.Disintegration of cohesive clay lumps used as soil-cement.Fems Immunology&Medical Microbiology,2010;59(1):18-32
6 Alalwan A S G,Aday S H,Ndewi D R.Filed study on the drought force of the compound subsoiler plow with moldboard and area of soil disintegration in a silty clay soil.Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal,2015;7(1):148-159
7谭鉴益.广西覆盖型岩溶区土层崩解机理研究.工程地质学报,2001;9(3):272-276Tan Jianyi.Study on disintegration mechanism of solum in covering karst zones in Guangxi province.Journal of Engineering Geology,2001;9(3):272-276
8张抒.广州地区花岗岩残积土崩解特性研究.武汉:中国地质大学,2009Zhang Shu.A study on disintegration behavior of granite residual soil in Guangzhou.Wuhan:China University of Geosciences,2009
9唐军,余沛,魏厚振,等.贵州玄武岩残积土崩解特性试验研究.工程地质学报,2011;19(5):778-783Tang Jun,Yu Pei,Wei Houzhen,et al.Slaking behaviour of weathered basalt residual soil in Guizhou.Journal of Engineering Geology,2011;19(5):778-783
10蒋定生,李新华.黄土高原土壤崩解速率变化规律及影响因素研究.水土保持通报,1995;(3):20-27Jiang Dingsheng,Li Xinhua.Research on the law of soil disintegration rate change and it's effect factors on the loess plateau.Bulletion of Soil and Water Conservation,1995;(3):20-27
11邹翔,张平仓,陈杰.小江流域土壤抗崩性实验研究.水土保持研究,2008;15(1):100-102Zou Xiang,Zhang Pingcang,Chen Jie.Study on soil anti-collapse ability in Xiaojiang River basin.Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2008;15(1):100-102
12刘明义,许晓鸿,刘艳军,等.不同植物带地埂土壤抗侵蚀效果研究.中国水土保持,2012;(7):43-45Liu Mingyi,Xu Xiaohong,Liu Yanjun,et al.Effects of soil amelioration with different soil and water conservation measures of eroded red soil region.Soil and Water Conservation in China,2012;(7):43-45
13王一峰,牛俊.长江中上游地区土壤崩解速率特征分析.长江科学院院报,2015;(3):40-43Wang Yifeng,Niu Jun.Soil disintegration rate in the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River.Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,2015;(3):40-43
14张卫.皖西大别山区不同土地利用类型的土壤抗侵蚀性---以安徽省岳西县为例.水土保持通报,2016;36(2):38-41Zhang Wei.Soil anti-erodibility under different landuse types in Dabie Mountainous area of western Anhui province-a case study in Yuexi county of Anhui province.Bulletion of Soil and Water Conservation,2016;36(2):38-41
15李家春,田伟平.工程压实黄土崩解试验研究.重庆交通大学学报:自然科学版,2005;24(5):74-77Li Jiachun,Tian Weiping.Experiment of compacted loess disintegration.Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University:Natural Science,2005;24(5):74-77
16李喜安,黄润秋,彭建兵.黄土崩解性试验研究.岩石力学与工程学报,2009;28(s1):3207-3213Li Xian,Huang Runqiu,Peng Jianbing.Experimental research on disintegration of loess.Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009;28(s1):3207-3213
17王菁莪,项伟,毕仁能.基质吸力对非饱和重塑黄土崩解性影响试验研究.岩土力学,2011;32(11):3258-3262Wang Jinge,Xiang Wei,Bi Renneng.Experimental study of influence of matric suction on disintegration of unsaturated remolded loess.Rock and Soil Mechanics.2011;32(11):3258-3262
18高建伟,余宏明,钱玉智,等.重塑黄土崩解特性试验研究.长江科学院院报,2014;31(10):146-150,155Gao Jianwei,Yu Hongming,Qian Yuzhi,et al.Experimental study on disintegration characteristics of remolded loess.Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,2014;31(10):146-150,155
19王念秦,魏精瑞.陕西关中地区离石黄土崩解速率实验研究.工程地质学报,2015;23(5):954-958Wang Nianqin,Wei Jingrui.Experimental study on disintegration rate of Lishi loess in Guanzhong region of Shaanxi province.Journal of Engineering Geology,2015;23(5):954-958
20中华人民共和国建设部.GB 50007-2011:建筑地基基础设计规范.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2012Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China.GB 50007-2011:Code for design of building foundations.Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2012