青藏高原隆升与南海开启:南海西北部盆-山耦合体系
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摘要
青藏高原和南海分别是地球上最高的高原、东亚大陆边缘最大的边缘海,是地理位置紧邻的两个特殊地质单元。纵观青藏高原的隆升、挤出与南海的动力演化过程,二者存在一定的关联耦合性,而红河断裂带作为二者之间的纽带,直接控制了南海西北部陆缘岩石圈裂解及盆地的构造迁移和演化过程,并制约了盆地沉积地层充填和烃源岩的形成、分布,使得青藏高原与南海西北部盆地构成最为显著的盆-山耦合体系。由于区域动力背景的多层次性、多因素性及多变性,对于南海多期次多轴向复杂的构造特征及南海西北部陆缘新生代盆地构造沉积过程,与高原隆升、块体挤出的时空关系,至今无法给出完美的解释。综合前人研究成果,本文试图理清青藏隆升、挤出与南海形成演化过程的关系,总结现阶段研究中面临的诸多问题,在此基础上对未来的研究方向做出展望,以期促进对青藏隆升、块体挤出与南海盆地演化三者关系的合理理解。
As the adjacent geological units,the Tibetan Plateau and the SCS is respectively the highest plateau in the world and the largest continental marginal sea along the East Asian continental margin,showing their own characteristics and particularity.There is a certain coupling between the uplifting and extrusion of the Tibetan Plateau and the tectonic dynamic evolution of the SCS.Serving as a link between the Tibetan Plateau and the SCS,the Red River Fault Zone controlled the rupturing of continental lithosphere in the northwestern margin of the SCS and the tectonic migration and evolution of the northwestern SCS basins.Meanwhile,the sediments filling and the formation and distribution of hydrocarbon source rocks are even constrained by the fault zone,making the Tibetan Plateau-northwestern SCS basins being the most significant basin-mountain coupling system.However,owning to the characteristics of the multi-level,multi-factors,and variability of the regional dynamics,the relationship between the multi-stage and multi-axial evolution of the SCS and the tectono-sedimentary history of the northwestern SCS basins,and the uplifting and extrusion of the Tibetan Plateau are still open to intense debate.Based on the existing research achievements,this article tries to figure out the relationship between uplifting and extrusion of the Tibetan Plateau and tectonic dynamic evolution of the SCS.Additionally,the directions for future research have been anticipated in order to bring the clear understanding of the relationship among the three special geological units.
As the adjacent geological units,the Tibetan Plateau and the SCS is respectively the highest plateau in the world and the largest continental marginal sea along the East Asian continental margin,showing their own characteristics and particularity.There is a certain coupling between the uplifting and extrusion of the Tibetan Plateau and the tectonic dynamic evolution of the SCS.Serving as a link between the Tibetan Plateau and the SCS,the Red River Fault Zone controlled the rupturing of continental lithosphere in the northwestern margin of the SCS and the tectonic migration and evolution of the northwestern SCS basins.Meanwhile,the sediments filling and the formation and distribution of hydrocarbon source rocks are even constrained by the fault zone,making the Tibetan Plateau-northwestern SCS basins being the most significant basin-mountain coupling system.However,owning to the characteristics of the multi-level,multi-factors,and variability of the regional dynamics,the relationship between the multi-stage and multi-axial evolution of the SCS and the tectono-sedimentary history of the northwestern SCS basins,and the uplifting and extrusion of the Tibetan Plateau are still open to intense debate.Based on the existing research achievements,this article tries to figure out the relationship between uplifting and extrusion of the Tibetan Plateau and tectonic dynamic evolution of the SCS.Additionally,the directions for future research have been anticipated in order to bring the clear understanding of the relationship among the three special geological units.
引文
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