基于“3S”技术的五台山自然保护区景观格局分析
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摘要
运用"3S"技术对五台山省级自然保护区的景观格局进行分析和研究,以求达到对自然保护区的保护、管理和持续利用的目的。以2013年Landsat-7 ETM影像数据、DEM图、保护区水文图、区位图为基础,结合保护区植被类型及当地林业工作者的生产实践、研究成果,运用地理信息系统技术和影像解译方法,根据统计所得到的特征指数数据可计算推导出景观异质性指数,多样性指数,优势度指数,破碎度指数,并结合保护区内猕猴的觅食、休憩等活动分析出自然保护区景观空间格局。结果表明,自然保护区在封山育林后保护较好,人为干扰影响较少,植被是控制保护区环境的主要成分。目前对于保护区来说植被恢复是封山育林后的重要任务。景观空间格局分析将有利于促进保护区格局和生态过程之间的关系,可进一步了解保护区景观格局和自然、社会之间的相互联系,对于五台山的土地资源利用规划和可持续发展均有重要的意义。
In this paper, we did a research on landscape pattern of Wutai Mountain Nature Reserve with "3S" technology, for the protection and management and sustainable use. Based on the remote sensing images and vegetation characteristic information and GIS technology, landscape dominance index, diversity index, and fragmentation index indicating the landscape spatial pattern of Wutai Mountain Nature Reserve were investigated. The results showed that the reserve after afforestation was better protected, and human activities were less effect. The landscape spatial pattern analysis is conducive to reserve the relationship between the patterns and ecological processes. It can further understand the landscape pattern and correlation between nature and society. It is of vital significance in land resource utilization planning, animal and plant protection and sustainable development of Wutai Mountain.
In this paper, we did a research on landscape pattern of Wutai Mountain Nature Reserve with "3S" technology, for the protection and management and sustainable use. Based on the remote sensing images and vegetation characteristic information and GIS technology, landscape dominance index, diversity index, and fragmentation index indicating the landscape spatial pattern of Wutai Mountain Nature Reserve were investigated. The results showed that the reserve after afforestation was better protected, and human activities were less effect. The landscape spatial pattern analysis is conducive to reserve the relationship between the patterns and ecological processes. It can further understand the landscape pattern and correlation between nature and society. It is of vital significance in land resource utilization planning, animal and plant protection and sustainable development of Wutai Mountain.
引文
[1]郭晋平.森林景观生态研究[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2001.1–182.
[2]NACEH Z and A S LIEBERMAN,2nd.Landscape Ecology:Theory and Application[M].New York:Springer.Verlag,1994,3–22;107–111).
[3]邬建国.景观生态学——格局、过程、尺度与等级[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000:10.
[4]展鹏飞.基于3s的伏牛山自然保护区景观格局变化研究[D].开封:河南大学,2007.
[5]苏龙高娃.赛罕乌拉自然保护区景观格局分析[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2010.
[6]BAI Lian LI.Fractal geometry appilication in description and analysis of patch pattern and patch dynamics[J].Ecological modeling,2000,132:33–50.
[7]曾辉,孔宁宁,高凌云.基于组分边界特征的景观动态研究——以珠江三角洲常平地区为例[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2000,8(2):126–133.
[8]徐玉蕊.安徽野生猕猴实验动物化及其种质特异性研究[D].合肥:安徽大学.2013.
[9]Qiang Gao,Mei Yu.A model of reginal vegetation dynamics and its application to the study of Northeast China Transect(NECU responses to global change Glob biogeochemcycles1998 12:329–344.
[10]刘西军.安徽省老山自然保护区肖坑森林景观格局分析[D].合肥:安徽农业大学,2008.
[11]牛腱植,余新晓,高甲荣.凉山自然保护区景观动态研究初探[J].北京林业大学学报,2003,25(3):74-78.
[12]李哈滨,J.F.FRANKLIN.景观生态学——生态学领域里的新概念的构架[J].生态学进展,1998 5(1)23–33;
[13]谢东明,路纪琪,吕九全.太行山猕猴的动机生境选择[J].兽类学报,2009,29(3):252–258.
[14]刘荣,邢明亮,杨东卫,等.山西历山国家级自然保护区猕猴分布及种群数量调查[J].陕西林业科技,2004,(4):26–27.
[15]孙菲菲.基于GIS和RS的太白山国家自然保护区森林景观格局动态分析[D].西安:西北农林科技大学,2009.
[16]刘建国.现代生态学研究进展[M].北京:中国科技出版社,1999:209–233.
[17]杨国靖.森林景观格局分析及破碎化评价—以祁连山西水自然保护区为例[J].生态学杂志,2003,22(5):56–61.
[18]孙飞,陈敏学,毛丽君,李明诗.中国大陆省级尺度森林破碎化特征评价[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版).2011(01):43-51.
[19]肖烨.大熊猫生境适宜性评价和景观格局分析——以小寨子沟自然保护区为例[D].南京:南京林业大学,2012.
[20]朱勇.猕猴属动物源疾病传播风险及行为因素研究[D].合肥:安徽大学,2014.
[21]李明诗,明莉,樊鸣鸣,沈文娟,孙力.美国西部国有森林破碎化模式及其管理含义[J].东北林业大学学报,2012,(03):103–107.
[22]林巧香.天宝岩国家级自然保护区森林景观格局动态及其环境效应研究[D].福建:福建农林大学,2011.
[23]袁玲玲.基于遥感、地理信息系统中山陵风景区景观动态分析[D].南京:南京林业大学,2008.
[2]NACEH Z and A S LIEBERMAN,2nd.Landscape Ecology:Theory and Application[M].New York:Springer.Verlag,1994,3–22;107–111).
[3]邬建国.景观生态学——格局、过程、尺度与等级[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000:10.
[4]展鹏飞.基于3s的伏牛山自然保护区景观格局变化研究[D].开封:河南大学,2007.
[5]苏龙高娃.赛罕乌拉自然保护区景观格局分析[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2010.
[6]BAI Lian LI.Fractal geometry appilication in description and analysis of patch pattern and patch dynamics[J].Ecological modeling,2000,132:33–50.
[7]曾辉,孔宁宁,高凌云.基于组分边界特征的景观动态研究——以珠江三角洲常平地区为例[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2000,8(2):126–133.
[8]徐玉蕊.安徽野生猕猴实验动物化及其种质特异性研究[D].合肥:安徽大学.2013.
[9]Qiang Gao,Mei Yu.A model of reginal vegetation dynamics and its application to the study of Northeast China Transect(NECU responses to global change Glob biogeochemcycles1998 12:329–344.
[10]刘西军.安徽省老山自然保护区肖坑森林景观格局分析[D].合肥:安徽农业大学,2008.
[11]牛腱植,余新晓,高甲荣.凉山自然保护区景观动态研究初探[J].北京林业大学学报,2003,25(3):74-78.
[12]李哈滨,J.F.FRANKLIN.景观生态学——生态学领域里的新概念的构架[J].生态学进展,1998 5(1)23–33;
[13]谢东明,路纪琪,吕九全.太行山猕猴的动机生境选择[J].兽类学报,2009,29(3):252–258.
[14]刘荣,邢明亮,杨东卫,等.山西历山国家级自然保护区猕猴分布及种群数量调查[J].陕西林业科技,2004,(4):26–27.
[15]孙菲菲.基于GIS和RS的太白山国家自然保护区森林景观格局动态分析[D].西安:西北农林科技大学,2009.
[16]刘建国.现代生态学研究进展[M].北京:中国科技出版社,1999:209–233.
[17]杨国靖.森林景观格局分析及破碎化评价—以祁连山西水自然保护区为例[J].生态学杂志,2003,22(5):56–61.
[18]孙飞,陈敏学,毛丽君,李明诗.中国大陆省级尺度森林破碎化特征评价[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版).2011(01):43-51.
[19]肖烨.大熊猫生境适宜性评价和景观格局分析——以小寨子沟自然保护区为例[D].南京:南京林业大学,2012.
[20]朱勇.猕猴属动物源疾病传播风险及行为因素研究[D].合肥:安徽大学,2014.
[21]李明诗,明莉,樊鸣鸣,沈文娟,孙力.美国西部国有森林破碎化模式及其管理含义[J].东北林业大学学报,2012,(03):103–107.
[22]林巧香.天宝岩国家级自然保护区森林景观格局动态及其环境效应研究[D].福建:福建农林大学,2011.
[23]袁玲玲.基于遥感、地理信息系统中山陵风景区景观动态分析[D].南京:南京林业大学,2008.