基于SVG两相电流注入的配电网单相接地故障消弧方法
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摘要
针对中压配电网单相接地故障,研究了基于级联H桥静止无功发生器(SVG)两相电流注入的有源消弧方法。当配电网正常运行时,SVG工作于无功补偿模式;当配电网发生单相接地故障时,SVG中性点接地,SVG两个非接地相桥臂向配电网中注入消弧补偿电流,从而减小接地点的故障电流,通过复用已有的SVG设备,替代了传统的消弧线圈。文中讨论了SVG消弧电流注入方式与SVG直流侧电压平衡控制之间的关系,并详细分析了SVG两相电流注入消弧的工作模式和消弧控制器的设计方法。基于MATLAB/Simulink环境的10 kV仿真平台以及380 V三相四级联的低压SVG样机进行仿真和实验验证,仿真和实验结果验证了所提方法的正确性和可行性。
According to the single phase-to-ground fault in the medium-voltage distribution networks, a two-phase current injection method based on the cascaded H-bridge static var generator(SVG) is studied. When the distribution network is operating normally, the SVG works in the reactive compensation mode. When single-phase-to-ground fault occurs, the neutral point of SVG is grounded and the arc suppression currents are injected into the distribution network from the other two non-grounded phases bridge of SVG, so that the fault current at the grounded point is reduced, and the traditional arc suppression coil is replaced by reusing the existing SVG equipment. This paper discusses the relationship between current injection method of SVG arc suppression and the voltage balance control of SVG DC side and the working mode of two-phase current injection of SVG arc suppression and the design method of arc suppression controller are analyzed in detail. Then, its operation mode and the controller design process are discussed in detail. A 10 kV simulation model based on MATLAB/Simulink and an experimental prototype with 380 V three-phase four-cascade low-voltage SVG are constructed for simulation and experimental verification. The simulation and experimental results verify the correctness and feasibility of the proposed scheme.
According to the single phase-to-ground fault in the medium-voltage distribution networks, a two-phase current injection method based on the cascaded H-bridge static var generator(SVG) is studied. When the distribution network is operating normally, the SVG works in the reactive compensation mode. When single-phase-to-ground fault occurs, the neutral point of SVG is grounded and the arc suppression currents are injected into the distribution network from the other two non-grounded phases bridge of SVG, so that the fault current at the grounded point is reduced, and the traditional arc suppression coil is replaced by reusing the existing SVG equipment. This paper discusses the relationship between current injection method of SVG arc suppression and the voltage balance control of SVG DC side and the working mode of two-phase current injection of SVG arc suppression and the design method of arc suppression controller are analyzed in detail. Then, its operation mode and the controller design process are discussed in detail. A 10 kV simulation model based on MATLAB/Simulink and an experimental prototype with 380 V three-phase four-cascade low-voltage SVG are constructed for simulation and experimental verification. The simulation and experimental results verify the correctness and feasibility of the proposed scheme.
引文
[1] 张毅,薛永端,宋华茂,等.低阻接地故障有源电压消弧算法性能分析和改进[J].电网技术,2017,41(1):314-321.ZHANG Yi,XUE Yongduan,SONG Huamao,et al.Performance analysis and improvement of active voltage arc-suppression algorithm about low resistance grounding fault[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(1):314-321.
[2] 齐郑,杭天琦,林健雄,等.含单相配电支路的配电网单相接地故障行波测距技术[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(20):144-149.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20180327006.QI Zheng,HANG Tianqi,LIN Jianxiong,et al.Technology of traveling wave fault location on single phase-to-ground fault in distribution network with single-phase power supply lines[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(20):144-149.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20180327006.
[3] 王丙东,蔡蕾,董旭,等.中性点不接地系统非对称短路故障分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(3):149-153.WANG Bingdong,CAI Lei,DONG Xu,et al.A comprehensive analysis for asymmetrical short-circuit fault of electric power system with neutral-point unground[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(3):149-153.
[4] WANG Bin,NI Jiang,GENG Jianzhao,et al.Arc flash fault detection in wind farm collection feeders based on current waveform analysis[J].Journal of Modern Power System and Clean Energy,2017,5(2):211-219.
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[6] 艾绍贵,李秀广,黎炜,等.配电网快速开关型消除弧光接地故障技术研究[J].高压电器,2017(3):178-184.AI Shaogui,LI Xiuguang,LI Wei,et al.Arc suppression technology based on fast switch for distribution network[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2017(3):178-184.
[7] 赵军,阮琦,李景禄.考虑线路压降的快速接地开关消弧性能及应用 [J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(20):158-164.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20180109010.ZHAO Jun,RUAN Qi,LI Jinglu,et al.Arc eliminating performance and application of fast grounding switch considering line voltage drop[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(20):158-164.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20180109010.
[8] NIKANDER A.Development and testing of new equipment for faulty phase earthing applying RTDS[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2017,32(3):1295-1302.
[9] WINTER K M.The RCC ground fault neutralizer—a novel scheme for fast earth-fault protection[C]// International Conference and Exhibition on Electricity Distribution,June 6-9,2005,Truin,Italy.
[10] 曾祥君,王媛媛,李健,等.基于配电网柔性接地控制的故障消弧与馈线保护新原理[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(16):137-143.ZENG Xiangjun,WANG Yuanyuan,LI Jian,et al.Novel principle of faults arc extinguishing & feeder protection based on flexible grounding control for distribution networks[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(16):137-143.
[11] 陈锐,周丰,翁洪杰,等.基于双闭环控制的配电网单相接地故障有源消弧方法[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(5):128-133.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20160418003.CHEN Rui,ZHOU Feng,WENG Hongjie,et al.Active arc-suppression method based on double closed-loop control under single-phase grounding faults in distribution networks[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(5):128-133.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20160418003.
[12] WANG Wen,ZENG Xiangjun,YAN Lingjie,et al.Principle and control design of active ground-fault arc suppression device for full compensation of ground current[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2017,64(6):4561-4570.
[13] 陈柏超,王朋,沈伟伟,等.电磁混合式消弧线圈的全补偿故障消弧原理及其柔性控制策略[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(10):311-318.CHEN Baichao,WANG Peng,SHEN Weiwei,et al.The principle of full compensation arc suppression and flexible control of electromagnetic hybrid Petersen coil[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(10):311-318.
[14] 王朋,田翠华,陈柏超,等.基于新型磁控消弧线圈的电磁混合消弧及配合选线新方法[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(16):175-183.WANG Peng,TIAN Cuihua,CHEN Baichao,et al.Electromagnetic hybrid arc suppression and a novel method of feeder selection based on the novel magnetic controlled Petersen coil[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(16):175-183.
[15] WANG Peng,CHEN Baichao,TIAN Cuihua,et al.A novel neutral electromagnetic hybrid flexible grounding method in distribution networks[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2017,32(3):1350-1358.
[16] 陈忠仁,张波.基于主从逆变器的无感消弧有源接地补偿系统[J].电力自动化设备,2014,34(6):62-67.CHEN Zhongren,ZHANG Bo.Non-inductive arc-suppression and active grounding compensation system based on master-slave inverters[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2014,34(6):62-67.
[17] 郭谋发,游建章,张伟骏,等.基于三相级联H桥变流器的配电网接地故障分相柔性消弧方法[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(17):11-22.GUO Moufa,YOU Jianzhang,ZHANG Weijun,et al.Separate-phase flexible arc-suppression method of earth-fault in distribution systems based on three-phase cascaded H-bridge converter[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(17):11-22.
[18] 郭谋发,游建章,林先辉,等.适应线路参数及负载变化的配电网柔性优化消弧方法[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(8):138-145.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20160621001.GUO Moufa,YOU Jianzhang,LIN Xianhui,et al.Flexible arc-suppression optimization method for distribution network adaptable to variation of line parameters and load[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(8):138-145.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20160621001.
[19] 田建设,韦良,李天旭.基于改进信号注入法的配电网电容电流测量[J].广东电力,2008,21(7):28-31.TIAN Jianshe,WEI Liang,LI Tianxu.Measurement of capacitance current in distribution network based on improved signal injection method[J].Guangdong Electric Power,2008,21(7):28-31.
[20] 周求宽,姚骏,刘衍,等.基于三频率法的配电网电容电流测量新方法[J].电测与仪表,2017,54(10):44-49.ZHOU Qiukuan,YAO Jun,LIU Yan,et al.A new method to measure capacitance current in distribution network based on three-frequency method[J].Electrical Measurement & Instrumentation,2017,54(10):44-49.
[21] 城市电力规划规范:GB 50293—2014[S].北京:中国建设工业出版社,2014.Code for planning of urban electric power:GB 50293—2014[S].Beijing:China Architecture & Building Press,2014.
[22] 城市配电网规划设计规范:GB 50613—2010[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2011.Code for planning and design of urban distribution network:GB 50613—2010[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,2011.
[23] AKAGI H,INOUE S,YOSHII T.Control and performance of a transformer less cascade PWM STATCOM with star configuration[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2007,43(4):1041-1049.
[24] HAGIWARA M,AKAGI H.Control and experiment of pulsewidth-modulated modular multilevel converters[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2009,24(7):1737-1746.
[25] FARIVAR G,HREDZAK B,AGELIDIS V G.Decoupled control system for cascaded H-bridge multilevel converter based STATCOM[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2015,63(1):322-331.
[2] 齐郑,杭天琦,林健雄,等.含单相配电支路的配电网单相接地故障行波测距技术[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(20):144-149.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20180327006.QI Zheng,HANG Tianqi,LIN Jianxiong,et al.Technology of traveling wave fault location on single phase-to-ground fault in distribution network with single-phase power supply lines[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(20):144-149.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20180327006.
[3] 王丙东,蔡蕾,董旭,等.中性点不接地系统非对称短路故障分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(3):149-153.WANG Bingdong,CAI Lei,DONG Xu,et al.A comprehensive analysis for asymmetrical short-circuit fault of electric power system with neutral-point unground[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(3):149-153.
[4] WANG Bin,NI Jiang,GENG Jianzhao,et al.Arc flash fault detection in wind farm collection feeders based on current waveform analysis[J].Journal of Modern Power System and Clean Energy,2017,5(2):211-219.
[5] 刘维功,薛永端,徐丙垠,等.可适应线路结构动态变化的有源消弧算法[J].电网技术,2014,38(7):2008-2013.LIU Weigong,XUE Yongduan,XU Bingyin,et al.An active arc-suppression algorithm adaptable to dynamic structure variation of transmission line[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(7):2008-2013.
[6] 艾绍贵,李秀广,黎炜,等.配电网快速开关型消除弧光接地故障技术研究[J].高压电器,2017(3):178-184.AI Shaogui,LI Xiuguang,LI Wei,et al.Arc suppression technology based on fast switch for distribution network[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2017(3):178-184.
[7] 赵军,阮琦,李景禄.考虑线路压降的快速接地开关消弧性能及应用 [J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(20):158-164.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20180109010.ZHAO Jun,RUAN Qi,LI Jinglu,et al.Arc eliminating performance and application of fast grounding switch considering line voltage drop[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(20):158-164.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20180109010.
[8] NIKANDER A.Development and testing of new equipment for faulty phase earthing applying RTDS[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2017,32(3):1295-1302.
[9] WINTER K M.The RCC ground fault neutralizer—a novel scheme for fast earth-fault protection[C]// International Conference and Exhibition on Electricity Distribution,June 6-9,2005,Truin,Italy.
[10] 曾祥君,王媛媛,李健,等.基于配电网柔性接地控制的故障消弧与馈线保护新原理[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(16):137-143.ZENG Xiangjun,WANG Yuanyuan,LI Jian,et al.Novel principle of faults arc extinguishing & feeder protection based on flexible grounding control for distribution networks[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(16):137-143.
[11] 陈锐,周丰,翁洪杰,等.基于双闭环控制的配电网单相接地故障有源消弧方法[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(5):128-133.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20160418003.CHEN Rui,ZHOU Feng,WENG Hongjie,et al.Active arc-suppression method based on double closed-loop control under single-phase grounding faults in distribution networks[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(5):128-133.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20160418003.
[12] WANG Wen,ZENG Xiangjun,YAN Lingjie,et al.Principle and control design of active ground-fault arc suppression device for full compensation of ground current[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2017,64(6):4561-4570.
[13] 陈柏超,王朋,沈伟伟,等.电磁混合式消弧线圈的全补偿故障消弧原理及其柔性控制策略[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(10):311-318.CHEN Baichao,WANG Peng,SHEN Weiwei,et al.The principle of full compensation arc suppression and flexible control of electromagnetic hybrid Petersen coil[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(10):311-318.
[14] 王朋,田翠华,陈柏超,等.基于新型磁控消弧线圈的电磁混合消弧及配合选线新方法[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(16):175-183.WANG Peng,TIAN Cuihua,CHEN Baichao,et al.Electromagnetic hybrid arc suppression and a novel method of feeder selection based on the novel magnetic controlled Petersen coil[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(16):175-183.
[15] WANG Peng,CHEN Baichao,TIAN Cuihua,et al.A novel neutral electromagnetic hybrid flexible grounding method in distribution networks[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2017,32(3):1350-1358.
[16] 陈忠仁,张波.基于主从逆变器的无感消弧有源接地补偿系统[J].电力自动化设备,2014,34(6):62-67.CHEN Zhongren,ZHANG Bo.Non-inductive arc-suppression and active grounding compensation system based on master-slave inverters[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2014,34(6):62-67.
[17] 郭谋发,游建章,张伟骏,等.基于三相级联H桥变流器的配电网接地故障分相柔性消弧方法[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(17):11-22.GUO Moufa,YOU Jianzhang,ZHANG Weijun,et al.Separate-phase flexible arc-suppression method of earth-fault in distribution systems based on three-phase cascaded H-bridge converter[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(17):11-22.
[18] 郭谋发,游建章,林先辉,等.适应线路参数及负载变化的配电网柔性优化消弧方法[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(8):138-145.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20160621001.GUO Moufa,YOU Jianzhang,LIN Xianhui,et al.Flexible arc-suppression optimization method for distribution network adaptable to variation of line parameters and load[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(8):138-145.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20160621001.
[19] 田建设,韦良,李天旭.基于改进信号注入法的配电网电容电流测量[J].广东电力,2008,21(7):28-31.TIAN Jianshe,WEI Liang,LI Tianxu.Measurement of capacitance current in distribution network based on improved signal injection method[J].Guangdong Electric Power,2008,21(7):28-31.
[20] 周求宽,姚骏,刘衍,等.基于三频率法的配电网电容电流测量新方法[J].电测与仪表,2017,54(10):44-49.ZHOU Qiukuan,YAO Jun,LIU Yan,et al.A new method to measure capacitance current in distribution network based on three-frequency method[J].Electrical Measurement & Instrumentation,2017,54(10):44-49.
[21] 城市电力规划规范:GB 50293—2014[S].北京:中国建设工业出版社,2014.Code for planning of urban electric power:GB 50293—2014[S].Beijing:China Architecture & Building Press,2014.
[22] 城市配电网规划设计规范:GB 50613—2010[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2011.Code for planning and design of urban distribution network:GB 50613—2010[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,2011.
[23] AKAGI H,INOUE S,YOSHII T.Control and performance of a transformer less cascade PWM STATCOM with star configuration[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2007,43(4):1041-1049.
[24] HAGIWARA M,AKAGI H.Control and experiment of pulsewidth-modulated modular multilevel converters[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2009,24(7):1737-1746.
[25] FARIVAR G,HREDZAK B,AGELIDIS V G.Decoupled control system for cascaded H-bridge multilevel converter based STATCOM[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2015,63(1):322-331.