考虑供应中断风险时新能源汽车供应商选择策略分析
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摘要
本文研究一个两阶段新能源汽车供应链中,考虑供应中断风险时,新能源汽车制造商对于供货渠道的选择问题。文中通过分析新能源汽车制造商的期望利润方程,得到供货渠道选择结果为:随着供应中断风险发生概率由小到大变化,新能源汽车制造商分别选择成本较低且稳定性低的单一供货渠道、双供货渠道以及仅选择成本较高但稳定性高的单一供货渠道策略,并且获得渠道选择策略的临界条件。最后,用数值算例,对文中所得结论进行应用展示;并通过敏感性分析,识别了不同外生变量对于新能源汽车制造商期望利润的影响,为其供货渠道选择实践提供了决策参考。
New energy vehicle manufacturer's selection of component suppliers is studied in a two-stage supply chain in this article with supply disruptions in consideration.The new energy vehicle manufacturer's expect profit equations are established,which facilitates us to acquire the selection rules of component suppliers as follows:with increasing of supply disruption,the manufacturer would like to choose a single supplier with a lower cost and stability,the very two suppliers simultaneously,as well as a single supplier with higher cost and stability respectively.Moreover,the critical conditions of channel selection are analyzed.Finally,a numerical example is conducted to show the above results.Furthermore,the sensitivity analysis of the numerical example shows,many different exogenous variables have various effects on the manufacturer's expected profit.As a result,such influence rules could provide a reference for the practical channel selection.
New energy vehicle manufacturer's selection of component suppliers is studied in a two-stage supply chain in this article with supply disruptions in consideration.The new energy vehicle manufacturer's expect profit equations are established,which facilitates us to acquire the selection rules of component suppliers as follows:with increasing of supply disruption,the manufacturer would like to choose a single supplier with a lower cost and stability,the very two suppliers simultaneously,as well as a single supplier with higher cost and stability respectively.Moreover,the critical conditions of channel selection are analyzed.Finally,a numerical example is conducted to show the above results.Furthermore,the sensitivity analysis of the numerical example shows,many different exogenous variables have various effects on the manufacturer's expected profit.As a result,such influence rules could provide a reference for the practical channel selection.
引文
[1]徐希曦.氢燃料电池汽车发展策略研究[D].北京邮电大学,2017.
[2]孙晓华,刘小玲,于润群.城市规模、充电设施建设与新能源汽车市场培育[J].运筹与管理,2018,27(7):111-121.
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[4]曹霞,邢泽宇,张路蓬.基于政府驱动的新能源汽车产业合作创新演化博弈研究[J].运筹与管理,2018,27(6):21-30.
[5]熊勇清,李小龙.新能源汽车产业供需双侧政策对潜在消费者的影响[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2018,28(6):52-62.
[6]刘晓敏,张栋,曹瑾.城市新能源汽车发展现状及推广策略的设计--基于呼和浩特市的调查[J].中国市场,2018(33):137-138.
[7]李晓慧.新能源汽车市场推广策略研究--以H城市为例[J].现代营销(下旬刊),2018(6):86-87.
[8]姚娥,郑卜祥.参与新能源汽车新产品开发的供应商选择影响因素研究[J].汽车工程学报,2012,2(6):440-445.
[9]张萍.基于分类的供应商评价和选择研究[D].华东理工大学,2017.
[10]陈曦.ZJ新能源汽车公司采购管理优化研究[D].陕西师范大学,2017.
[11]Larson PD,Kulchitsky JD.Single sourcing and supplier certification performance and relationship implications[J].Industrial Marketing Management,1998,27(1):73-81.
[12]Li J,Wang S,Cheng T C E.Competition and cooperation in a single-retailer two-supplier supply chain with supply disruption[J].International Journal of Production Economics,2010,124(1):137-150.
[13]Pochard S.Managing risks of supply chain disruptions:Dual sourcing as a real option[D].Cambridge:Massachusetts Institute of Technology,2003:26-31.
[14]Wagner SM,Friedl G.Supplier switching decisions[J].European Journal of Operational Research,2007,183(2):700-717.
[15]Yu H,Zeng AZ,Zhao L.Single or dual sourcing:decisionmaking in the presence of supply chain disruption risks[J].Omega,2009,37(4):788-800.
[16]Ruiz-Torres A J,Mahmoodi F.The optimal number of suppliers considering the costs of individual supplier failures[J].Omega,2007,35(1):104-115.
[2]孙晓华,刘小玲,于润群.城市规模、充电设施建设与新能源汽车市场培育[J].运筹与管理,2018,27(7):111-121.
[3]曹霞,邢泽宇,张路蓬.政府规制下新能源汽车产业发展的演化博弈分析[J].管理评论,2018,30(9):82-96.
[4]曹霞,邢泽宇,张路蓬.基于政府驱动的新能源汽车产业合作创新演化博弈研究[J].运筹与管理,2018,27(6):21-30.
[5]熊勇清,李小龙.新能源汽车产业供需双侧政策对潜在消费者的影响[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2018,28(6):52-62.
[6]刘晓敏,张栋,曹瑾.城市新能源汽车发展现状及推广策略的设计--基于呼和浩特市的调查[J].中国市场,2018(33):137-138.
[7]李晓慧.新能源汽车市场推广策略研究--以H城市为例[J].现代营销(下旬刊),2018(6):86-87.
[8]姚娥,郑卜祥.参与新能源汽车新产品开发的供应商选择影响因素研究[J].汽车工程学报,2012,2(6):440-445.
[9]张萍.基于分类的供应商评价和选择研究[D].华东理工大学,2017.
[10]陈曦.ZJ新能源汽车公司采购管理优化研究[D].陕西师范大学,2017.
[11]Larson PD,Kulchitsky JD.Single sourcing and supplier certification performance and relationship implications[J].Industrial Marketing Management,1998,27(1):73-81.
[12]Li J,Wang S,Cheng T C E.Competition and cooperation in a single-retailer two-supplier supply chain with supply disruption[J].International Journal of Production Economics,2010,124(1):137-150.
[13]Pochard S.Managing risks of supply chain disruptions:Dual sourcing as a real option[D].Cambridge:Massachusetts Institute of Technology,2003:26-31.
[14]Wagner SM,Friedl G.Supplier switching decisions[J].European Journal of Operational Research,2007,183(2):700-717.
[15]Yu H,Zeng AZ,Zhao L.Single or dual sourcing:decisionmaking in the presence of supply chain disruption risks[J].Omega,2009,37(4):788-800.
[16]Ruiz-Torres A J,Mahmoodi F.The optimal number of suppliers considering the costs of individual supplier failures[J].Omega,2007,35(1):104-115.