基于GIS的河北省丰宁县土地沙化演变及驱动力分析
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摘要
[目的]综合分析河北省丰宁县土壤沙化区沙化演变规律和驱动因子,为沙化土地治理及合理开发利用土地资源上提供技术依据。[方法]以遥感和GIS作为信息获取和分析工具,通过对河北省丰宁县2009,2014年2期土地沙化遥感影像解译,研究了该区土地沙化的时空演变规律,并对引起其演变的驱动因子进行了探讨。[结果]沙化土地在空间分布上具有明显的区域性,主要分布于中部以西地区,且沙化类型以固定沙地为主;近5a来,尽管中度沙化面积有所增加,但沙化土地面积总体呈减少趋势,轻度沙化减少了560.9hm2,重度沙化减少了1 872.6hm2,沙化土地总面积减少了809.2hm2;高原区较低山区易发生土地沙化,干旱区土壤沙化程度重于半干旱地区。[结论]以当地地貌环境条件为基础,合理开发利用土地资源,增加林地面积,可有效减弱土地沙化。
[Objective]To analyze the evolution and driving forces of land desertification in order to provide technical references for land desertification controlling and the rational exploitation and utilization of land resources in the Fengning County,Hebei Province.[Methods]Through remotely sensed imagery interpretation based on remote sensing and GIS,we analyzed the temporal and spatial evolution of regional land desertification and its driving factors in the Fengning County in 2009 and 2014.[Results]The desertification land showed an obviously regional distribution,which was mainly distributed in the fixed sandy land of the midwest areas.Over the past 5 years,the total area of desertification land generally decreased despite the moderate desertification area increased,in which the area of mild desertification decreased by 560.9 hm2,the area of severe desertification decreased by 1 872.6 hm2,and the total area of desertification land decreased by 809.2 hm2.The plateau was easier to form desertification than the lower hilly zone,the degree of desertification was more severe in the arid zone than that of semiarid zone.[Conclusion]Based on local landscapes and environmental conditions,developing and using land resources rationally,increasing forest areas,will effectively reduce the land desertification.
[Objective]To analyze the evolution and driving forces of land desertification in order to provide technical references for land desertification controlling and the rational exploitation and utilization of land resources in the Fengning County,Hebei Province.[Methods]Through remotely sensed imagery interpretation based on remote sensing and GIS,we analyzed the temporal and spatial evolution of regional land desertification and its driving factors in the Fengning County in 2009 and 2014.[Results]The desertification land showed an obviously regional distribution,which was mainly distributed in the fixed sandy land of the midwest areas.Over the past 5 years,the total area of desertification land generally decreased despite the moderate desertification area increased,in which the area of mild desertification decreased by 560.9 hm2,the area of severe desertification decreased by 1 872.6 hm2,and the total area of desertification land decreased by 809.2 hm2.The plateau was easier to form desertification than the lower hilly zone,the degree of desertification was more severe in the arid zone than that of semiarid zone.[Conclusion]Based on local landscapes and environmental conditions,developing and using land resources rationally,increasing forest areas,will effectively reduce the land desertification.
引文
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[14]姜英,谷春莲,孙景梅,等.基于RS的塔里木河下游沙化土地/植被盖度动态变化研究:以尉犁县为例[J].西北林学院学报,2008,23(5):193-197.
[15]王晓青,杨联安,姜英,等.毛乌素沙地南缘湿地/沙化土地动态变化分析[J].西北林学院学报,2007,22(4):73-77.
[16]罗志成,王密侠.中国干旱地区及其类型划分的研究现状[J].干旱地区农业研究,1987(2):95-116.
[17]周成虎,程维明,钱金凯,等.中国陆地1∶100万数字地貌分类体系研究[J].地球信息科学学报,2009,11(6):707-724.
[2]张浩,余军,王锋,等.陕西省荒漠化、沙化土地监测与动态变化分析[J].西北林学院学报,2015,30(1):184-188.
[3]李金亚.科尔沁沙地草原沙化时空变化特征遥感监测及驱动力分析[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2014.
[4]何介南,徐杰,康文星,等.若尔盖县土地沙化程度演变动态特征[J].林业科学,2016,52(1):159-165.
[5]薛占金,秦作栋,孟宪文.晋北地区环境特征及其土地沙化机制研究[J].水土保持研究,2011,18(2):98-102.
[6]汪晓菲,何平,康文星.若尔盖县土地沙化现状及沙化发展动态特征[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2014,34(12):124-129.
[7]白龙,刘利民,小林達明,等.基于3S的黄土高原北部土地沙化分析:以陕西省神木县为例[J].草业科学,2010,27(12):32-37.
[8]邓东周,杨执衡,陈洪,等.青藏高原东南缘高寒区土地沙化现状及驱动因子分析[J].西南林业大学学报,2011,31(5):27-32.
[9]朱洪如.福建沿海土地沙化自然和人为驱动机制定量研究[J].林业勘察设计,2016,36(4):37-39,44.
[10]刘全友.河北省坝上地区气候与沙化关系的研究[J].环境科学进展,1994,2(6):47-57.
[11]张蓉.面向对象的遥感图像分类方法在土地利用土地覆盖中的应用研究[D].昆明:西南林学院,2008.
[12]韩广,杨文斌.沙漠化土地等级划分问题的初步研究[J].中国沙漠,1997,17(3):237-242.
[13]郭靖,刘萍,高亚琪,等.基于RS和GIS的托克逊县沙化土地时空动态分析与评价[J].林业资源管理,2009(1):89-94.
[14]姜英,谷春莲,孙景梅,等.基于RS的塔里木河下游沙化土地/植被盖度动态变化研究:以尉犁县为例[J].西北林学院学报,2008,23(5):193-197.
[15]王晓青,杨联安,姜英,等.毛乌素沙地南缘湿地/沙化土地动态变化分析[J].西北林学院学报,2007,22(4):73-77.
[16]罗志成,王密侠.中国干旱地区及其类型划分的研究现状[J].干旱地区农业研究,1987(2):95-116.
[17]周成虎,程维明,钱金凯,等.中国陆地1∶100万数字地貌分类体系研究[J].地球信息科学学报,2009,11(6):707-724.