进排气压力对增压对置活塞二冲程发动机的影响研究
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摘要
针对对置活塞二冲程发动机结构特点和性能匹配试验的需求,建立了复合增压对置活塞二冲程柴油机的一维仿真模型,根据试验数据对原机仿真模型进行校核。考虑进排气压力差对直流扫气有较大的影响,通过该仿真模型模似了排气压力一定时,进气压力对捕获率、捕获量和比燃油消耗率的影响规律,以及保证给气比一定,排气压力对比燃油消耗率、压差和捕获空燃比的影响。从仿真结果可知:进气压力对比燃油消耗率的影响较大,给气比每提高0.02,比燃油消耗率(从低速到高速)分别最多增加0.7%、1.3%和1.8%;三个工况下,排气背压在160kPa~170kPa之间时比油耗最小。
For the requirements of the performance matching test of an Opposed-Piston Two-Stroke Engine,the software package of GT-Power was used to establish a one dimensional simulation model which was verified by the experimental data.Considering the main effect of intake and exhaust pressure difference on uniflow scavenging,these different operating conditions were calculated below:1 To analyze the effect of intake pressure on the trapping ratio,the amount of the acquisition air and the specific fuel consumption when the exhaust back pressure was maintained constant.2 To investigate the influence of exhaust pressure on the specific fuel consumption,the pressure difference and the trapping A/F when the delivery ratio was maintained constant.The result reveals that the intake pressure has a significant effect on the specific fuel consumption.When the delivery ratio increases by 0.2.The specific fuel consumptions will increase by0.7%,1.3% and 1.8% respectively.And the specific fuel consumptions at three cases will be minimum when the exhaust pressure is maintained within 160kPa~170kPa.
For the requirements of the performance matching test of an Opposed-Piston Two-Stroke Engine,the software package of GT-Power was used to establish a one dimensional simulation model which was verified by the experimental data.Considering the main effect of intake and exhaust pressure difference on uniflow scavenging,these different operating conditions were calculated below:1 To analyze the effect of intake pressure on the trapping ratio,the amount of the acquisition air and the specific fuel consumption when the exhaust back pressure was maintained constant.2 To investigate the influence of exhaust pressure on the specific fuel consumption,the pressure difference and the trapping A/F when the delivery ratio was maintained constant.The result reveals that the intake pressure has a significant effect on the specific fuel consumption.When the delivery ratio increases by 0.2.The specific fuel consumptions will increase by0.7%,1.3% and 1.8% respectively.And the specific fuel consumptions at three cases will be minimum when the exhaust pressure is maintained within 160kPa~170kPa.
引文
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[2]GERHARD R,RANDY E H,MICHAEL H W,et al.The achates power opposed-piston two-stroke engine:performance and emissions results in a medium-duty application[C]//SAE Paper.So Paulo,Brasil,2011,2011-01-2221.
[3]KU P M,TRIMBLE T F.Scavenging characteristics of a twostroke-cycle engine as determined by skip-cycle operation[J].Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards,1956,57(6):325-331.
[4]章振宇,赵振峰,张付军,等.对置二冲程柴油机扫气口参数对扫气过程的影响[J].内燃机工程,2014,35(5):119-124.ZHANG Z Y,ZHAO Z F,ZHANG F J,et al.Study on the influence of scavenging port parameters on the sacvenging process[J].Internal Combustion Engine Engineering,2014,35(5):119-124.
[5]马富康,赵长禄,张付军,等.对置活塞二冲程汽油机活塞运动相位差的匹配[J].内燃机工程,2016,37(1):139-145.MA F K,ZHAO C L,ZHANG F J,et.al.Matching analysis of piston motion phase difference on opposed-piston two-stroke gasoline engine[J].Internal Combustion Engine Engineering,2016,37(1):139-145.
[6]董雪飞,赵长禄.对置活塞二冲程发动机机械增压匹配分析[J].北京理工大学学报,2014,34(2):132-137.DONG X F,ZHAO C L.The matching analysis of supercharging of opposed-piston two-stroke engine[J].Transactions of Benjing Institute of Technology,2014,34(2):132-137.
[7]刘永长.对定压二程机完全“混合-分层”组合换气模型的修正[J].内燃机工程,1985,7(2):33-41.LIU Y C.A modification to the“fully mixed/layers formed”compound scavenging model in a two-stroke diesel engine with constant pressure charging[J].Internal Combustion Engine Engineering,1985,7(2):33-41.
[8]刘博,邓康耀.二冲程汽油机高空增压功率恢复计算研究[J].航空动力学报,2009,24(7):1570-1576.LIU B,DENG K Y.Computed study on power recovery of turbocharged two stroke spark ignition engine at altitude[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2009,24(7):1570-1576.
[9]石磊,丰琳琳,周涌明,等.船用二冲程柴油机鼓风机扫气模型与切换规律研究[J].内燃机工程,2012,33(5):31-35.SHI L,FENG L L,ZHOU Y M,et al.Research of scavenging model and blower switching for two-stroke marine diesel engine[J].Internal Combustion Engine Engineering,2012,33(5):31-35.