主动蓄热日光温室不同气流方向后墙传热CFD模拟
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摘要
日光温室是一种能源高效利用型的温室结构,在中国北方的设施园艺产业中起到了非常重要的作用,其中主动储热日光温室结构是最近该领域研究的热点问题之一。针对高效主动储热风道的研究问题,该文构建了3种不同气流运动方式的主动蓄热日光温室后墙模型,分别是顶进顶出气流运动方式的主动蓄热日光温室后墙(W1)、侧进侧出气流运动方式的主动蓄热日光温室后墙(W2)、侧进顶出气流运动方式的主动蓄热日光温室后墙(W3)。在W1工况下对比试验数据及数值模拟数据发现,平均相对误差为6.7%,最大相对误差为13.4%,说明该文所建模型的数值模拟与试验数据有很好的一致性;进一步模拟结果表明,进口条件一致的情况下,W1、W2、W3在主动蓄热循环系统运行阶段的有效蓄热范围分别为700～800、500～600、600～700 mm;W1、W2、W3的出口平均温度分别为17.3、18.9、18.2℃,进一步计算得到,3种工况下,内部空气流的努塞尔特数分别为40.95、35.25、35.30;3种不同气流循环运动方式下,温室后墙的对流换热强烈程度表现为W1最大,W3其次,W2最小。该研究为设计主动蓄热日光温室墙体气流循环运动方式提供了理论依据和试验参考。
China solar greenhouse(CSG) is efficient energy-saving greenhouse, and plays an important role in Chinese protected horticulture development. The biggest difference between solar greenhouse and other types of greenhouse is the back-wall, which works as load-bearing, thermal-storage and heat preservation. Presently, there are many researches on the material and structure of solar greenhouse. In terms of structure, many scholars have studied the appropriate thickness of wall and developed efficient active thermal storage wall structure. Active thermal storage structure of solar greenhouse is the research hotspot in the CSG field recently. However, it also has some disadvantages, such as unscientific air flow mode and lower thermal storage efficiency. To solve the research problem of active thermal-storage structure of solar greenhouse, this paper developed three types active thermal-storage back-wall with different air circulation mode. Three modes were inflated from the top of the back-wall and outflow from the top of the back-wall(W1 operating mode), inflated from the side edge of the back-wall and outflow from the side edge(W2 operating mode), and inflated from the side edge of the back-wall and outflow from the top of the back-wall(W3 operating mode) respectively. By using the business CFD software of Fluent, the model was computed with RNG k-ε turbulent model. Then internal airflow and air temperature distribution was forecasted. With the results of simulation compared with experimental data, the feasibility and veracity of numerical simulation by software of Fluent to active thermal-storage CSG was validated. In this dissertation, CFD numerical simulations of three-dimensional turbulent flow in heat exchange pipes of CSG back-wall were conducted. And the temperature distribution of the back-wall thermal-storage system of CSG was measured at the same time to analyse the distribution of airflow velocity within heat exchange pipes and heat saving performance of the back-wall thermal-storage system in CSG. The results showed that the measured data was the same as the numerical simulation results, the mean relative error was 6.7%, and maximum relative error was 13.4% under the W1 operating mode. Analysis shows the reliable consistency between the numerical simulation results and measured data. Further analysis showed that the effective thermal storage range of W1, W2, W3 under the same inlet condition were 700-800, 500-600, 600-700 mm respectively. The Nu of internal air flow under W1, W2, W3 were 40.95, 35.25, 35.30 respectively. The convection heat transfer between the hot airflow and duct wall of W1 was greater than W3 and W2. In summary, the thermal performance between W2 and W3 was not obvious, but both lower than W1, which can meet the production of warm crop in greenhouse. The assembled active thermal storage wall with W1 mode was feasible, and had a certain popularization value in the some suitable greenhouse area. This paper on the basis of the effective experiment, simulates and analyses the microclimate under different inlet and outlet conditions of the CSG, and predicts energy consumption. This research provides a theoretical basis and experimental reference of scientific design of air circulation mode of active thermal-storage CSG.
China solar greenhouse(CSG) is efficient energy-saving greenhouse, and plays an important role in Chinese protected horticulture development. The biggest difference between solar greenhouse and other types of greenhouse is the back-wall, which works as load-bearing, thermal-storage and heat preservation. Presently, there are many researches on the material and structure of solar greenhouse. In terms of structure, many scholars have studied the appropriate thickness of wall and developed efficient active thermal storage wall structure. Active thermal storage structure of solar greenhouse is the research hotspot in the CSG field recently. However, it also has some disadvantages, such as unscientific air flow mode and lower thermal storage efficiency. To solve the research problem of active thermal-storage structure of solar greenhouse, this paper developed three types active thermal-storage back-wall with different air circulation mode. Three modes were inflated from the top of the back-wall and outflow from the top of the back-wall(W1 operating mode), inflated from the side edge of the back-wall and outflow from the side edge(W2 operating mode), and inflated from the side edge of the back-wall and outflow from the top of the back-wall(W3 operating mode) respectively. By using the business CFD software of Fluent, the model was computed with RNG k-ε turbulent model. Then internal airflow and air temperature distribution was forecasted. With the results of simulation compared with experimental data, the feasibility and veracity of numerical simulation by software of Fluent to active thermal-storage CSG was validated. In this dissertation, CFD numerical simulations of three-dimensional turbulent flow in heat exchange pipes of CSG back-wall were conducted. And the temperature distribution of the back-wall thermal-storage system of CSG was measured at the same time to analyse the distribution of airflow velocity within heat exchange pipes and heat saving performance of the back-wall thermal-storage system in CSG. The results showed that the measured data was the same as the numerical simulation results, the mean relative error was 6.7%, and maximum relative error was 13.4% under the W1 operating mode. Analysis shows the reliable consistency between the numerical simulation results and measured data. Further analysis showed that the effective thermal storage range of W1, W2, W3 under the same inlet condition were 700-800, 500-600, 600-700 mm respectively. The Nu of internal air flow under W1, W2, W3 were 40.95, 35.25, 35.30 respectively. The convection heat transfer between the hot airflow and duct wall of W1 was greater than W3 and W2. In summary, the thermal performance between W2 and W3 was not obvious, but both lower than W1, which can meet the production of warm crop in greenhouse. The assembled active thermal storage wall with W1 mode was feasible, and had a certain popularization value in the some suitable greenhouse area. This paper on the basis of the effective experiment, simulates and analyses the microclimate under different inlet and outlet conditions of the CSG, and predicts energy consumption. This research provides a theoretical basis and experimental reference of scientific design of air circulation mode of active thermal-storage CSG.
引文
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[13]王庆荣,程杰宇,崔文慧,等.日光温室对流循环蓄热墙体构造对室内气流场的影响[J].新疆农业科学,2016,53(7):1319-1328.Wang Qingrong,Cheng Jieyu,Cui Wenhui,et al.Impact on indoor air distribution with the convective circulation thermal storage wall of Chinese solar greenhouse[J].Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences,2016,53(7):1319-1328.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[14]赵淑梅,庄云飞,郑可欣,等.日光温室空气对流蓄热中空墙体热性能试验[J].农业工程学报,2018,34(4):223-231.Zhao Shumei,Zhuang Yunfei,Zheng Kexin,et al.Thermal performance experiment on air convection heat storage wall with cavity in Chinese solar greenhouse[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering(Transactions of the CSAE),2018,34(4):223-231.(in Chinese with English abstract)
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