区域性跨境电商产业园区运营模式研究
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摘要
在借鉴现有各类产业园区成功运营的基础上,我国区域性跨境电商园区的投资开发模式已呈多元化发展趋势。在运营管理方面,较少采用纯粹的政府主导型和行业协会主导型管理模式,更多采用政府和投资开发公司共同管理模式,且以股份公司主导型为主,一般由专业从事商业地产的企业集团完成。在赢利模式方面,收入主要来自于办公楼、仓库和货场、公寓及相关配套设施的租售,提供生活型服务的间接收入很有限。同时,园区投资主体及投资方式相对单一,企业间联合开发较少,政企合作较多,政府统一规划较少,政策优惠较多。此外,园区重硬件轻软件建设,重招商轻运营管理,使得园区不能市场化运营,造血功能不足,赢利能力较弱。因此,未来区域性跨境电商产业园应更多地引入资本运营,鼓励投资主体和投资方式多元化,加强软件建设,提升园区核心竞争力,强化市场运作,提高园区经营效率,重视产业生态建设,培育园区造血功能。
The investment development model of China's regional cross-border E-commence industrial park has been diversified based on the operation experience of other kinds of industrial parks. In terms of operation management,most of the parks are managed by both the government and investment enterprises. In terms of profit-earning pattern,most of their income comes from the rental and sales of office building,warehouses,apartment,and related supporting infrastructure,but not the indirect income arising from life service. At the same time,there are also some characteristics with these parks,such as the comparative simple main investors and pattern of investment,the less joint-development,the more cooperation between governments and enterprises,the less unified government planning,and the more benefits brought by preferential policies.Besides,there are also some problems with these parks,such as the not market-oriented operation,the not sufficient hematopoietic function,and the weak capability for profit earning. So in the future,in developing these parks,we should introduce more capital operation,encourage the diversification of investors and investment patterns,strengthen the development of software,improve the core competitiveness of these parks,strengthen the market-oriented operation,improve the operation efficiency,pay more attention to industrial ecological development,and cultivate the function of hematopoiesis.
The investment development model of China's regional cross-border E-commence industrial park has been diversified based on the operation experience of other kinds of industrial parks. In terms of operation management,most of the parks are managed by both the government and investment enterprises. In terms of profit-earning pattern,most of their income comes from the rental and sales of office building,warehouses,apartment,and related supporting infrastructure,but not the indirect income arising from life service. At the same time,there are also some characteristics with these parks,such as the comparative simple main investors and pattern of investment,the less joint-development,the more cooperation between governments and enterprises,the less unified government planning,and the more benefits brought by preferential policies.Besides,there are also some problems with these parks,such as the not market-oriented operation,the not sufficient hematopoietic function,and the weak capability for profit earning. So in the future,in developing these parks,we should introduce more capital operation,encourage the diversification of investors and investment patterns,strengthen the development of software,improve the core competitiveness of these parks,strengthen the market-oriented operation,improve the operation efficiency,pay more attention to industrial ecological development,and cultivate the function of hematopoiesis.
引文
[1]埃森哲咨询公司,阿里研究院.2020年全球跨境电商B2C市场展望报告[R].2015.
[2]中研普华产业园.2014—2018年中国产业园全景调研与发展趋势研究预测报告[R].2014.
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[5]单汨源,李林凤,张人龙.互联网环境下产业园集成平台构建及其应用研究[J].管理学报,2015(12):1832-1839.
[6]顺丰10亿打造常州电商产业园,2016年全区营收目标超5亿[EB/OL].(2014-12-14)[2016-11-05].http://news.winshang.com/html/042/8180.html.
[7]青岛邮政跨境电商产业园开园[EB/OL].(2016-09-29)[2016-11-05].http://www.qdbofcom.gov.cn:8080/kuajingdt/235760.htm.
[8]浙江省人民政府.中国(杭州)跨境电子商务综合试验区实施方案[PB].2015.
(1)参见中国义乌网“义乌市政府信息公开专栏”中义乌市国际鹿港集团有限公司的介绍。
(2)参见e电园集团网站郑西电子商务产业基地的介绍。
(3)参见宁波(国际)电子商务产业园网站的园区概况。
[2]中研普华产业园.2014—2018年中国产业园全景调研与发展趋势研究预测报告[R].2014.
[3]朱海霞,杨博,权东计,王峰.西安曲江文化产业园区运营模式的特质分析[J].中国软科学,2011(1):152-162.
[4]戴航.基于博弃分析的物流园区运营模式研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2010.
[5]单汨源,李林凤,张人龙.互联网环境下产业园集成平台构建及其应用研究[J].管理学报,2015(12):1832-1839.
[6]顺丰10亿打造常州电商产业园,2016年全区营收目标超5亿[EB/OL].(2014-12-14)[2016-11-05].http://news.winshang.com/html/042/8180.html.
[7]青岛邮政跨境电商产业园开园[EB/OL].(2016-09-29)[2016-11-05].http://www.qdbofcom.gov.cn:8080/kuajingdt/235760.htm.
[8]浙江省人民政府.中国(杭州)跨境电子商务综合试验区实施方案[PB].2015.
(1)参见中国义乌网“义乌市政府信息公开专栏”中义乌市国际鹿港集团有限公司的介绍。
(2)参见e电园集团网站郑西电子商务产业基地的介绍。
(3)参见宁波(国际)电子商务产业园网站的园区概况。