库布齐沙漠可持续治理典型模式研究
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摘要
本文依据生态经济学理论,阐述了库布齐沙漠可持续治理模式的设计与内涵,提出了三种库布齐沙漠可持续治理典型模式。一是生态经济效益最优化的沙漠化治理模式。该模式围绕沙漠生态治理核心问题,以防风固沙、植被恢复为目标,实现其生态经济效益最优,提出了创新发展库布齐沙漠生态治理试验模式的实施建议。二是基于水土资源承载力的沙漠化治理模式。该模式的核心是治理模式必须考虑区域水土资源承载力,提出了营造水土资源承载力范围内的生态经济林防护体系和节水农业的实施建议。三是治沙与产业相结合的沙漠化治理模式。该模式的核心是大力发展沙产业来实现生态经济效益双赢,提出了发展光伏发电、特色养殖和生态旅游业的实施建议。在此基础上指出了模式的运行保障体系,为沙漠化可持续治理提供了较好的借鉴。
Based on the theory of ecological economics,the paper expounds the design and connotation of sustainable management model in Hobq desert and puts forward three kinds of sustainable management model for Hobq desert.The first management model is the optimization of ecological economic benefits in the desert.This model focuses on the core issues of desert ecological management.Its goal is to achieve the best ecological and economic benefits by sand fixation and vegetation restoration.The implementation of the proposed model is to innovate and develop the ecological management test model of Hobq desert.The second is the desertification management model based on the bearing capacity of water and soil resources.Its core concept is that the regional water and soil resources carrying capacity must be taken into account in management model.The suggestion of building ecological economic forest protection system and water saving agriculture is put forward.The third is the desertification management model combined with sand industry.Its core is to develop sand industry to achieve the ecological and economic benefits of a win-win situation.The development of photovoltaic power generation,specialty farming and ecotourism are proposed.On this basis,a security system for sustainable management of Hobq desert is constructed,providing a good reference for the sustainable management of desertification.
Based on the theory of ecological economics,the paper expounds the design and connotation of sustainable management model in Hobq desert and puts forward three kinds of sustainable management model for Hobq desert.The first management model is the optimization of ecological economic benefits in the desert.This model focuses on the core issues of desert ecological management.Its goal is to achieve the best ecological and economic benefits by sand fixation and vegetation restoration.The implementation of the proposed model is to innovate and develop the ecological management test model of Hobq desert.The second is the desertification management model based on the bearing capacity of water and soil resources.Its core concept is that the regional water and soil resources carrying capacity must be taken into account in management model.The suggestion of building ecological economic forest protection system and water saving agriculture is put forward.The third is the desertification management model combined with sand industry.Its core is to develop sand industry to achieve the ecological and economic benefits of a win-win situation.The development of photovoltaic power generation,specialty farming and ecotourism are proposed.On this basis,a security system for sustainable management of Hobq desert is constructed,providing a good reference for the sustainable management of desertification.
引文
[1] 韩永光.乌兰布和沙漠绿洲沙产业可持续发展研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2012.
[2] 谢增武,王坤,曹世雄.宁夏发展沙产业的社会、经济与生态效益[J] .草业科学,2013,30(3):478-483.
[3] 朱海娟.宁夏荒漠化治理综合效益评价研究[D].咸阳:西北农林科技大学,2015.
[4] 国家林业局.中国荒漠化和沙化状况公报[EB/OL].(2015-12-29)[2018-07-11].http://www.forestry.gov.cn/main/69/content-831684.html.
[5] MAESTRE F T,QUERO J L,GOTELLI N J,et al.Plant species richness and ecosystem multi-functionality in global drylands[J].Science,2012,335:214-218.
[6] 王路瑶.科尔沁沙地土地利用综合强度的定量化评估研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2016.
[7] 吐尔逊·哈斯木,阿迪力·吐尔干,杨家军,等.塔里木河下游土地沙漠化与区域可持续发展[J].水土保持通报,2013,33(4):1-7.
[8] 郭彩贇,韩致文,李爱敏,等.库布齐沙漠生态治理与开发利用的典型模式[J].西北师范大学学报(自然科学版),2017,53(1):112-118.
[9] 张丽霞.中国沙漠化土地成因及治理的主要模式[J].陕西林业科技,2016,24(3):77-79.
[10] 丁文广,仙昀让,魏银丽.企业主导的沙漠化治理模式研究——以甘肃省瓜州县为例[J].生态经济(中文版),2011,33(6):156-159.
[11] 黄泽云.宁夏毛乌素土地沙漠化治理模式评价[J].防护林科技,2009,14(2):57-59.
[12] 王建军,黄泽云.宁夏土地沙漠化治理模式的探讨[J].宁夏农林科技,2006,15(6):56-57.
[13] 田红卫,高照良.黄土高原土地沙漠化成因机制及其治理模式的研究[J].农业现代化研究,2013,34(1):19-24.
[14] 崔晶.基于生态经济模式的西北地区荒漠化治理的对策建议[J].中国管理信息化,2016,19(12):154-155.
[15] 曹军,王舜蛟,纪素辉,等.半干旱地区荒漠化土地的治理模式[J].防护林科技,2007,23(1):89-91.
[16] 苏义,薛凤英,徐斌,等.库布齐沙漠分区综合治理新模式[J].内蒙古林业,2007,13(12):8-9.
[17] 郭彩贇,韩致文,李爱敏,等.库布齐沙漠生态治理与开发利用的典型模式[J].西北师范大学学报(自然科学版),2017,53(1):112-118.
[18] XU P,AN S.Principles and ecologically optimal model for desert grassland management[J].Acta Phytoecological Sinica,1996,20(5):389-396.
[19] GURU B,SESHAN K,BERA S.Frequency ratio model for groundwater potential mapping and its sustainable management in cold desert,India[J].Journal of King Saud University-Science,2016,29(3):23-25.
[20] XIAO B,YONG F J,FU B A,et al.The wind-sand damage and its comprehensive control model of alpine grassland of Maqu [J].Journal of Gansu Forestry Science and Technology,2011,19(5):57-65.
[21] 郭磊.京津风沙源治理工程综合效益评价——以正蓝旗为例[D].北京:北京林业大学,2006.
[22] 黄月艳.荒漠化治理效益与可持续治理模式研究——以干旱亚湿润区为例[D].北京:北京林业大学,2010.
[23] JACQUES F.Taming the Desert,the Hobq Way[J].ChinAfrica,2015,25(9):23-24.
[2] 谢增武,王坤,曹世雄.宁夏发展沙产业的社会、经济与生态效益[J] .草业科学,2013,30(3):478-483.
[3] 朱海娟.宁夏荒漠化治理综合效益评价研究[D].咸阳:西北农林科技大学,2015.
[4] 国家林业局.中国荒漠化和沙化状况公报[EB/OL].(2015-12-29)[2018-07-11].http://www.forestry.gov.cn/main/69/content-831684.html.
[5] MAESTRE F T,QUERO J L,GOTELLI N J,et al.Plant species richness and ecosystem multi-functionality in global drylands[J].Science,2012,335:214-218.
[6] 王路瑶.科尔沁沙地土地利用综合强度的定量化评估研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2016.
[7] 吐尔逊·哈斯木,阿迪力·吐尔干,杨家军,等.塔里木河下游土地沙漠化与区域可持续发展[J].水土保持通报,2013,33(4):1-7.
[8] 郭彩贇,韩致文,李爱敏,等.库布齐沙漠生态治理与开发利用的典型模式[J].西北师范大学学报(自然科学版),2017,53(1):112-118.
[9] 张丽霞.中国沙漠化土地成因及治理的主要模式[J].陕西林业科技,2016,24(3):77-79.
[10] 丁文广,仙昀让,魏银丽.企业主导的沙漠化治理模式研究——以甘肃省瓜州县为例[J].生态经济(中文版),2011,33(6):156-159.
[11] 黄泽云.宁夏毛乌素土地沙漠化治理模式评价[J].防护林科技,2009,14(2):57-59.
[12] 王建军,黄泽云.宁夏土地沙漠化治理模式的探讨[J].宁夏农林科技,2006,15(6):56-57.
[13] 田红卫,高照良.黄土高原土地沙漠化成因机制及其治理模式的研究[J].农业现代化研究,2013,34(1):19-24.
[14] 崔晶.基于生态经济模式的西北地区荒漠化治理的对策建议[J].中国管理信息化,2016,19(12):154-155.
[15] 曹军,王舜蛟,纪素辉,等.半干旱地区荒漠化土地的治理模式[J].防护林科技,2007,23(1):89-91.
[16] 苏义,薛凤英,徐斌,等.库布齐沙漠分区综合治理新模式[J].内蒙古林业,2007,13(12):8-9.
[17] 郭彩贇,韩致文,李爱敏,等.库布齐沙漠生态治理与开发利用的典型模式[J].西北师范大学学报(自然科学版),2017,53(1):112-118.
[18] XU P,AN S.Principles and ecologically optimal model for desert grassland management[J].Acta Phytoecological Sinica,1996,20(5):389-396.
[19] GURU B,SESHAN K,BERA S.Frequency ratio model for groundwater potential mapping and its sustainable management in cold desert,India[J].Journal of King Saud University-Science,2016,29(3):23-25.
[20] XIAO B,YONG F J,FU B A,et al.The wind-sand damage and its comprehensive control model of alpine grassland of Maqu [J].Journal of Gansu Forestry Science and Technology,2011,19(5):57-65.
[21] 郭磊.京津风沙源治理工程综合效益评价——以正蓝旗为例[D].北京:北京林业大学,2006.
[22] 黄月艳.荒漠化治理效益与可持续治理模式研究——以干旱亚湿润区为例[D].北京:北京林业大学,2010.
[23] JACQUES F.Taming the Desert,the Hobq Way[J].ChinAfrica,2015,25(9):23-24.