松木材中挥发性成分对台湾乳白蚁行为的影响
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摘要
【目的】探究松木材挥发性物质对台湾乳白蚁嗅觉行为的影响,为研发高效诱集剂提供参考依据。【方法】运用索氏提取和固相微萃取两种样品前处理方法提取松木材中的挥发性成分,采用气相色谱—质谱联用(GC-MS)分析挥发性物质的化学组成;从鉴定出的物质中选择8种化合物,使用四臂嗅觉仪进行台湾乳白蚁嗅觉行为试验。【结果】采用索氏提取和固相微萃取前处理方法分别从松木材中鉴定出45和27种组分。从两种方法鉴定出的化合物中选取8种化合物(α-松油醇、马鞭草烯醇、乙酸龙脑酯、雪松醇、α-蒎烯、桃金娘烯醛、乙酸松油酯和长叶烯)进行台湾乳白蚁嗅觉行为试验,双向竞争试验结果,在1.00 mg/mL质量浓度下长叶烯、雪松醇、马鞭草烯醇和桃金娘烯醛对台湾乳白蚁均具有引诱作用;乙酸龙脑酯和α-松油醇对台湾乳白蚁具有趋避作用;α-蒎烯和乙酸松油酯对台湾乳白蚁的趋性不明显;四向竞争试验结果,不同质量浓度的化合物对台湾乳白蚁的引诱程度不同。【结论】松木材中存在的挥发性成分长叶烯、雪松醇、马鞭草烯醇和桃金娘烯醛对台湾乳白蚁均具有引诱作用,具有开发应用于白蚁饵剂的潜力。
【Objective】The effects of volatile substances in pine wood on the olfactory behavior of Coptotermes formosanus were explored to provide reference for the research and development of highly effective attractants.【Method】Extraction of volatile components from pine wood was conducted by Soxhlet extraction and solid phase microextraction,and analysis of chemical composition of volatile compounds by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS). Eight kinds of compounds were selected from the identified substances,and the olfactory behavior test of C. formosanus was carried out using a four-arm olfactometer.【Result】Forty-five and twenty-seven compounds were identified from pine wood by Soxhlet extraction and solid phase microextraction respectively. Eight compounds(α-terpineol,verbenone,bornyl acetate,cedrol,α-pinene,myrtenal,terpinyl acetate and longifolene)were selected from the compounds identified by the two methods for the olfactory behavior test of C. formosanus. Two-way competition test results showed that at a concentration of 1.00 mg/mL,longifolene,cedrol,verbenone,and myrtenal had attracting effects on C. formosanus,but 1.00 mg/mL of bornyl acetate and α-terpineol had an avoidance effect on C. formosanus,the tendency effects of α-pinene and terpinyl acetate were not obvious on C. formosanus. According to the results of the four-way competition test,the compounds of different mass concentrations had different degrees of attraction to C. formosanu.【Conclusion】The volatile components of pine wood,such as longifolene,cedrol,verbenone,and myrtenal,have attractive effect on C. formosanus. These compounds have the potential to be used in termite baits.
【Objective】The effects of volatile substances in pine wood on the olfactory behavior of Coptotermes formosanus were explored to provide reference for the research and development of highly effective attractants.【Method】Extraction of volatile components from pine wood was conducted by Soxhlet extraction and solid phase microextraction,and analysis of chemical composition of volatile compounds by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS). Eight kinds of compounds were selected from the identified substances,and the olfactory behavior test of C. formosanus was carried out using a four-arm olfactometer.【Result】Forty-five and twenty-seven compounds were identified from pine wood by Soxhlet extraction and solid phase microextraction respectively. Eight compounds(α-terpineol,verbenone,bornyl acetate,cedrol,α-pinene,myrtenal,terpinyl acetate and longifolene)were selected from the compounds identified by the two methods for the olfactory behavior test of C. formosanus. Two-way competition test results showed that at a concentration of 1.00 mg/mL,longifolene,cedrol,verbenone,and myrtenal had attracting effects on C. formosanus,but 1.00 mg/mL of bornyl acetate and α-terpineol had an avoidance effect on C. formosanus,the tendency effects of α-pinene and terpinyl acetate were not obvious on C. formosanus. According to the results of the four-way competition test,the compounds of different mass concentrations had different degrees of attraction to C. formosanu.【Conclusion】The volatile components of pine wood,such as longifolene,cedrol,verbenone,and myrtenal,have attractive effect on C. formosanus. These compounds have the potential to be used in termite baits.
引文
白鹏华,刘宝生,谷希树,于金萍,霍建飞,石秋瑾.2018.美国白蛾对海棠挥发性化合物的触角电生理反应[J].中国果树,(6):63-67.[Bai P H,Liu B S,Gu X S,Yu J P,Huo J F,Shi Q J.2018.Electrophysiological responses of Hyphantria curea to volatile compounds of Malus spectabilis[J].China Fruits,(6):63-67.]
陈海江,方敏,莫建初.2016.国内白蚁监测控制装置研究进展[J].河南科技学院学报(自然科学版),44(2):36-39.[Chen H J,Fang M,Mo J C.2016.Review on the study of termite monitor-controlling device in China[J].Journal of Henan Institute of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),44(2):36-39.]
程冬保.2013.白蚁信息素研究进展[J].昆虫学报,56(4):419-426.[Cheng D B.2013.Progress in termite pheromones[J].Acta Entomologica Sinica,56(4):419-426.]
候亚会,严善春,李志强.2018.对苯二酚对台湾乳白蚁诱食效果及其诱导代谢的响应[J].林业科学,54(9):97-103.[Hou Y H,Yan S C,Li Z Q.2018.Synergistic effect of antioxidants and hydroquinoneas on the attractants and induced metabolism of formosan subterranean termite,Coptotermes formosanus(Isoptera:Rhinotermitidae)[J].Scientia Silvae Sinicae,54(9):97-103.]
黄安平.2012.茶树-茶刺蛾-棒须刺蛾寄蝇间化学通讯研究[D].长沙:中南大学.[Huang A P.2012.Study on chemical communications among tea plant,Iragoides fasciata Moore,Chaetexorista palpis Chao[D].Changsha:Central South University.]
黄复生,朱世模,平正明.2000.中国动物志昆虫纲第l7卷等翅目[M].北京:科学出版社.[Huang F S,Zhu S M,Ping Z M.2000.Fauna Sinica,Insecta:Vol.17 Isoptera[M].Beijing:Science Press]
蒋兴川,谢兴伟,孙郁晴,董文霞,李昕央,操海群,李正跃.2018.亚洲玉米螟对玉米果穗挥发物的定向行为反应[J].环境昆虫学报,40(4):873-879.[Jiang X C,Xie XW,Sun Y Q,Dong W X,Li X Y,Cao H Q,Li Z Y.2018.The adult orientated behavior response of Asian corn borer,Ostrinia furnacalis to corn ear volatile[J].Journal of Environmental Entomology,40(4):873-879.]
李婷,王成盼,蒋娜娜,尉吉乾,莫建初.2018.水稻挥发物对稻虱缨小蜂的引诱效果研究[J].应用昆虫学报,55(3):360-367.[Li T,Wang C P,Jiang N N,Wei J Q,Mo J C.2018.Attractiveness of rice plant volatiles to Anagrus nilaparvatae Pang et Wang[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology,55(3):360-367.]
梁小松,刘勇,张绍红,张强,戴华国.2007.两种乳白蚁对几种物质的嗅觉反应及触角电位测定[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),31(2):55-58.[Liang X S,Liu Y,Zhang S H,Zhang Q,Dai H G.2007.Olfactory response and electroantennal of two termites species to several components[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Natural Sciences Edition),31(2):55-58.]
刘炳荣,钟俊鸿,冯世秀,李志强.2010.台湾乳白蚁对马尾松提取液取食偏好性研究[J].林业实用技术,(6):37-38.[Liu B R,Zhong J H,Feng S X,Li Z Q.2010.Study on the preference of Coptotermes formosanus for feeding of masson pine extract[J].Practical Forestry Technology,(6):37-38.]
刘军鸽,田梅,吴卫国.2013.不同固相微萃取头-GC/MS联用测定干辣椒中香气组分的比较[J].中国调味品,38(7):110-112.[Liu J G,Tian M,Wu W G.2013.Comparison of headspace solid-phase micro-extraction and GC/MSfor determination of aromatic components in dried pepper[J].China Condiment,38(7):110-112.]
彭志远.2017.索氏提取装置的改进[J].中国教育技术装备,(6):35-36.[Peng Z Y.2017.Improvement of soxhlet extractor[J].China Educational Technology&Equipment,(6):35-36.]
童志勋.2015.台湾乳白蚁和黄胸散白蚁对木材、信息化合物和土壤的选择性研究[D].杭州:浙江农林大学.[Tong Z X.2015.Preferences of subterranean termite for wood,semiochemicals and soil[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang A&FUniversity.]
王科,林昌虎,王道平,潘卫东,何腾兵,高晓宇.2017.不同耕种作物下土壤挥发性成分SPME-GC/MS分析[J].江西农业学报,29(4):44-48.[Wang K,Lin C H,Wang D P,Pan W D,He T B,Gao X Y.2017.Analysis of volatile components in soil of different crop cultivated land by SPME-GC/MS[J].Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi,29(4):44-48.]
王明生,周培,陆军,孙旻旻,陈旭东,张绍红.2015.世界乳白蚁研究概述[J].江苏农业科学,43(3):124-126.[Wang M S,Zhou P,Lu J,Su M M,Chen X D,Zhang S H.2015.Overview of studies on Coptotermes world wide[J].Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences,43(3):124-126.]
韦芳三,李纯厚,戴明,吕国敏,齐占会,肖雅元.2011.索氏提取法测定海洋微藻粗脂肪含量及其优化方法的研究[J].上海海洋大学学报,20(4):619-623.[Wei F S,Li C H,Dai M,LüG M,Qi Z H,Xiao Y Y.2011.Improvement of soxhlet extraction used for determination of crude lipids content of marine microalgae[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,20(4):619-623.]
吴丹枫,周晓燕,章海风.2018.四川干辣椒油树脂挥发性成分的GC-MS分析[J].中国调味品,43(7):136-138.[Wu D F,Zhou X Y,Zhang H F.2018.GC-MS analysis of volatile components of sichuan dried chilli oleoresin[J].China Condiment,43(7):136-138.]
徐永霞,刘滢,宋帅婷,桑敏,励建荣,陈华健.2013.SPME萃取头对大菱鲆鱼肉挥发性成分萃取效果分析[J].食品工业科技,34(12):90-93.[Xu Y X,Liu Y,Song S T,Sang M,Li J R,Chen H J.2013.Analysis of volatile compounds in turbot by SPME with different extraction fibers[J].Science and Technology of Food Industry,34(12):90-93.]
张红兵,李小鹰,戴华国,周秋君.2005.台湾乳白蚁和黄胸散白蚁对三种饵剂的嗅觉行为反应[J].昆虫知识,42(3):298-301.[Zhang H B,Li X Y,Dai H G,Zhou Q J.2005.The olfactory responses of Coptotermes formosanus and Reticulitermes flaviceps to three baited insecticides[J].Entomological Knowledge,42(3):298-301.]
张辉洁,孙乐娜,杨承远,夏庆友.2012.用四臂嗅觉仪观测家蚕对非桑科植物的选择行为[J].蚕业科学,38(1):74-81.[Zhang H J,Sun L N,Yang C Y,Xia Q Y.2012.An observation on food selection behavior of silkworm larvae to non-moraceae plants with four-arm olfactometer[J].Science of Sericulture,38(1):74-81.]
邹祎.2016.SPSS软件单因素方差分析的应用[J].价值工程,35(34):219-222.[Zou Y.2016.The analysis of single-factor variance by SPSS[J].Value Engineering,35(34):219-222.]
Kataoka H,Lord H L,Pawliszyn J.2000.Applications of solid-phase microextraction in food analysis[J].Journal of Chromatography A,800(1):35-62.
Lord H,Pawliszyn J.2000.Evolution of solid-phase microextraction technology[J].Journal of Chromatography A,885(1-2):153-193.
Raina A K,Bland J M,Osbrink W.2005.Hydroquinone is not a phagostimulant for the Formosan subterranean termite[J].Journal of Chemical Ecology,31(3):509-517.
Reinhard J,Lacey M J,Ibarra F,Schroeder F C,Kaib M,Lenz M.2002.Hydroquinone:A general phagostimulating pheromone in termites[J].Journal of Chemical Ecology,28(1):1-14.
Rust M K,Su N Y.2012.Managing social insects of urban importance[J].Annual Review of Entomology,57:355-375.
Yang L,Hu X P,van Santen E,Zeng X N.2017.Attractiveness of host plants at different growth stage to Kudzu Bug,Megacopta cribraria(Heteroptera:Plataspidae):Behavioral responses to whole plant and constitutive volatiles[J].Journal of Economic Entomology,180(6):279.
陈海江,方敏,莫建初.2016.国内白蚁监测控制装置研究进展[J].河南科技学院学报(自然科学版),44(2):36-39.[Chen H J,Fang M,Mo J C.2016.Review on the study of termite monitor-controlling device in China[J].Journal of Henan Institute of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),44(2):36-39.]
程冬保.2013.白蚁信息素研究进展[J].昆虫学报,56(4):419-426.[Cheng D B.2013.Progress in termite pheromones[J].Acta Entomologica Sinica,56(4):419-426.]
候亚会,严善春,李志强.2018.对苯二酚对台湾乳白蚁诱食效果及其诱导代谢的响应[J].林业科学,54(9):97-103.[Hou Y H,Yan S C,Li Z Q.2018.Synergistic effect of antioxidants and hydroquinoneas on the attractants and induced metabolism of formosan subterranean termite,Coptotermes formosanus(Isoptera:Rhinotermitidae)[J].Scientia Silvae Sinicae,54(9):97-103.]
黄安平.2012.茶树-茶刺蛾-棒须刺蛾寄蝇间化学通讯研究[D].长沙:中南大学.[Huang A P.2012.Study on chemical communications among tea plant,Iragoides fasciata Moore,Chaetexorista palpis Chao[D].Changsha:Central South University.]
黄复生,朱世模,平正明.2000.中国动物志昆虫纲第l7卷等翅目[M].北京:科学出版社.[Huang F S,Zhu S M,Ping Z M.2000.Fauna Sinica,Insecta:Vol.17 Isoptera[M].Beijing:Science Press]
蒋兴川,谢兴伟,孙郁晴,董文霞,李昕央,操海群,李正跃.2018.亚洲玉米螟对玉米果穗挥发物的定向行为反应[J].环境昆虫学报,40(4):873-879.[Jiang X C,Xie XW,Sun Y Q,Dong W X,Li X Y,Cao H Q,Li Z Y.2018.The adult orientated behavior response of Asian corn borer,Ostrinia furnacalis to corn ear volatile[J].Journal of Environmental Entomology,40(4):873-879.]
李婷,王成盼,蒋娜娜,尉吉乾,莫建初.2018.水稻挥发物对稻虱缨小蜂的引诱效果研究[J].应用昆虫学报,55(3):360-367.[Li T,Wang C P,Jiang N N,Wei J Q,Mo J C.2018.Attractiveness of rice plant volatiles to Anagrus nilaparvatae Pang et Wang[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology,55(3):360-367.]
梁小松,刘勇,张绍红,张强,戴华国.2007.两种乳白蚁对几种物质的嗅觉反应及触角电位测定[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),31(2):55-58.[Liang X S,Liu Y,Zhang S H,Zhang Q,Dai H G.2007.Olfactory response and electroantennal of two termites species to several components[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Natural Sciences Edition),31(2):55-58.]
刘炳荣,钟俊鸿,冯世秀,李志强.2010.台湾乳白蚁对马尾松提取液取食偏好性研究[J].林业实用技术,(6):37-38.[Liu B R,Zhong J H,Feng S X,Li Z Q.2010.Study on the preference of Coptotermes formosanus for feeding of masson pine extract[J].Practical Forestry Technology,(6):37-38.]
刘军鸽,田梅,吴卫国.2013.不同固相微萃取头-GC/MS联用测定干辣椒中香气组分的比较[J].中国调味品,38(7):110-112.[Liu J G,Tian M,Wu W G.2013.Comparison of headspace solid-phase micro-extraction and GC/MSfor determination of aromatic components in dried pepper[J].China Condiment,38(7):110-112.]
彭志远.2017.索氏提取装置的改进[J].中国教育技术装备,(6):35-36.[Peng Z Y.2017.Improvement of soxhlet extractor[J].China Educational Technology&Equipment,(6):35-36.]
童志勋.2015.台湾乳白蚁和黄胸散白蚁对木材、信息化合物和土壤的选择性研究[D].杭州:浙江农林大学.[Tong Z X.2015.Preferences of subterranean termite for wood,semiochemicals and soil[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang A&FUniversity.]
王科,林昌虎,王道平,潘卫东,何腾兵,高晓宇.2017.不同耕种作物下土壤挥发性成分SPME-GC/MS分析[J].江西农业学报,29(4):44-48.[Wang K,Lin C H,Wang D P,Pan W D,He T B,Gao X Y.2017.Analysis of volatile components in soil of different crop cultivated land by SPME-GC/MS[J].Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi,29(4):44-48.]
王明生,周培,陆军,孙旻旻,陈旭东,张绍红.2015.世界乳白蚁研究概述[J].江苏农业科学,43(3):124-126.[Wang M S,Zhou P,Lu J,Su M M,Chen X D,Zhang S H.2015.Overview of studies on Coptotermes world wide[J].Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences,43(3):124-126.]
韦芳三,李纯厚,戴明,吕国敏,齐占会,肖雅元.2011.索氏提取法测定海洋微藻粗脂肪含量及其优化方法的研究[J].上海海洋大学学报,20(4):619-623.[Wei F S,Li C H,Dai M,LüG M,Qi Z H,Xiao Y Y.2011.Improvement of soxhlet extraction used for determination of crude lipids content of marine microalgae[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,20(4):619-623.]
吴丹枫,周晓燕,章海风.2018.四川干辣椒油树脂挥发性成分的GC-MS分析[J].中国调味品,43(7):136-138.[Wu D F,Zhou X Y,Zhang H F.2018.GC-MS analysis of volatile components of sichuan dried chilli oleoresin[J].China Condiment,43(7):136-138.]
徐永霞,刘滢,宋帅婷,桑敏,励建荣,陈华健.2013.SPME萃取头对大菱鲆鱼肉挥发性成分萃取效果分析[J].食品工业科技,34(12):90-93.[Xu Y X,Liu Y,Song S T,Sang M,Li J R,Chen H J.2013.Analysis of volatile compounds in turbot by SPME with different extraction fibers[J].Science and Technology of Food Industry,34(12):90-93.]
张红兵,李小鹰,戴华国,周秋君.2005.台湾乳白蚁和黄胸散白蚁对三种饵剂的嗅觉行为反应[J].昆虫知识,42(3):298-301.[Zhang H B,Li X Y,Dai H G,Zhou Q J.2005.The olfactory responses of Coptotermes formosanus and Reticulitermes flaviceps to three baited insecticides[J].Entomological Knowledge,42(3):298-301.]
张辉洁,孙乐娜,杨承远,夏庆友.2012.用四臂嗅觉仪观测家蚕对非桑科植物的选择行为[J].蚕业科学,38(1):74-81.[Zhang H J,Sun L N,Yang C Y,Xia Q Y.2012.An observation on food selection behavior of silkworm larvae to non-moraceae plants with four-arm olfactometer[J].Science of Sericulture,38(1):74-81.]
邹祎.2016.SPSS软件单因素方差分析的应用[J].价值工程,35(34):219-222.[Zou Y.2016.The analysis of single-factor variance by SPSS[J].Value Engineering,35(34):219-222.]
Kataoka H,Lord H L,Pawliszyn J.2000.Applications of solid-phase microextraction in food analysis[J].Journal of Chromatography A,800(1):35-62.
Lord H,Pawliszyn J.2000.Evolution of solid-phase microextraction technology[J].Journal of Chromatography A,885(1-2):153-193.
Raina A K,Bland J M,Osbrink W.2005.Hydroquinone is not a phagostimulant for the Formosan subterranean termite[J].Journal of Chemical Ecology,31(3):509-517.
Reinhard J,Lacey M J,Ibarra F,Schroeder F C,Kaib M,Lenz M.2002.Hydroquinone:A general phagostimulating pheromone in termites[J].Journal of Chemical Ecology,28(1):1-14.
Rust M K,Su N Y.2012.Managing social insects of urban importance[J].Annual Review of Entomology,57:355-375.
Yang L,Hu X P,van Santen E,Zeng X N.2017.Attractiveness of host plants at different growth stage to Kudzu Bug,Megacopta cribraria(Heteroptera:Plataspidae):Behavioral responses to whole plant and constitutive volatiles[J].Journal of Economic Entomology,180(6):279.