太阳能斯特林热机渐开线管簇式吸热器设计与性能仿真
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摘要
针对太阳能斯特林热机直接照射型管簇式吸热器,采用等温分析法与湍流强制传热理论,综合考虑加热管簇的通流容积、工质的流阻损失和加热管簇传热能力,得到了基于基本输入热与基于最佳长径比的加热管簇换热长度与管数的定量设计公式.在此基础上,以改善光热转换特性为目的构建了一种新型加热管簇空间位置曲线方程,并以有效功率1 k W太阳能斯特林热机加热管簇设计为例建立了该加热管簇的三维实体模型.通过Fluent仿真分析了该加热管簇的流动与换热特性.结果表明:1 k W有效功率管簇式吸热器所需加热管数为28根,单根加热管长度为31 cm;渐开线加热管结构避免了管内工质流动出现二次流,降低了加热管弯管部分工质压力损失;加热管管壁温度分布相对均匀.
For a pipe-type direct-illumination solar receiver of stirling-engine,the quantitative design formula of the heat transfer length and pipe number of the heating pipe cluster based on the basic input heat and the optimal length-diameter ratio was obtained based on isothermal analysis method and turbulent forced heat transfer theory. This method was the trade-off between flow volume of heat pipe cluster,flow resistance loss of the working fluid and the heat transfer capacity of heat pipe cluster. A new equation of curve of the spatial position of heat pipe cluster was constructed for the purpose of improving the characteristics of light and heat conversion. The three-dimensional model of the heat pipe clusters whose effective power equals 1 kW was established and the flow and heat transfer characteristics of heat pipe clusters was analyzed by Fluent simulation. The results are as follows: the number of heat pipe is 28 required by 1 kW effective power heat pipe-type solar receiver and the length of single heat pipe is 31 cm; the secondary flow phenomenon of working fluid is not easy to produce due to the involute heat pipe structure and pressure drop of working fluid in bending parts of heat pipe is decreased; the temperature distribution of heat pipe wall is relatively uniform.
For a pipe-type direct-illumination solar receiver of stirling-engine,the quantitative design formula of the heat transfer length and pipe number of the heating pipe cluster based on the basic input heat and the optimal length-diameter ratio was obtained based on isothermal analysis method and turbulent forced heat transfer theory. This method was the trade-off between flow volume of heat pipe cluster,flow resistance loss of the working fluid and the heat transfer capacity of heat pipe cluster. A new equation of curve of the spatial position of heat pipe cluster was constructed for the purpose of improving the characteristics of light and heat conversion. The three-dimensional model of the heat pipe clusters whose effective power equals 1 kW was established and the flow and heat transfer characteristics of heat pipe clusters was analyzed by Fluent simulation. The results are as follows: the number of heat pipe is 28 required by 1 kW effective power heat pipe-type solar receiver and the length of single heat pipe is 31 cm; the secondary flow phenomenon of working fluid is not easy to produce due to the involute heat pipe structure and pressure drop of working fluid in bending parts of heat pipe is decreased; the temperature distribution of heat pipe wall is relatively uniform.
引文
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[18]Heffner F E. Additional dimensions of 4L23 engine. Personal Communication,1978.
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[2]Remero M,Marcos M J,Tellez F M,et al. Distributed power from solar tower systems:AMIUS aproach[J].Solar Energy,2000,67(3):249-264.
[3]Odeh S D,Morrison G L,Behnia M. Modelling of parabolic trough direc steam generation solar collectors[J].Solar Energy,1998,62(6):395-406.
[4]张学学,张超,刘静.周向不均匀热流边界条件下管内层流混合对流换热[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),1997,37(2):73-76.
[5]Yapici H,Albayrak B. Numerical solution of conjugate heat transfer and thermal stress in a circular pipe externally heated with non-uniform heat flux[J]. Energy Conversion and Management,2004,45(6):927-937.
[6]刘志刚,张春平,赵耀华,等.一种新型腔式吸热器的设计与实验研究[J].太阳能学报,2005,26:332-337.
[7]Chou Q L,Ge X S,Cheng S X,et al. An efficient cavity receiver for solar energy heat collector[J]. China Journal of Nature,1995,18(1):56-58.
[8]侴乔力,葛新石,程曙霞,等.腔体式吸收器与真空管吸收器的热性能比较[J].工程热物理学报,2010,31(3):451-453.
[9]王磊磊,黄护林.一种太阳能吸热器的结构优化及性能仿真[J].太阳能学报,2012,12:2098-2104.
[10]李铁,张璟,唐大伟.太阳能斯特林机用新型吸热器的设计与模拟[J].工程热物理学报,2010,31(3):415-453.
[11]Urieli I,Berchowitz D M. Stirling cycle engine analysis[M]. Bristol:A. Hilger,1984.
[12]Martini W R. Stirling Engine Desigin Manual[R]. DOE/NASA/3152-78/1,1983.
[13]Reader G T,Hooper C. Stirling Engins[M]. Cambridge University Press,1983.
[14]钱国柱.热气机原理与设计[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1987.
[15]王经.传热学与流体力学基础[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社,2007:130-131.
[16]金东寒.斯特林发动机技术[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学出版社,2009:46-47.
[17]常腾飞,彭佑多,王旻辉,等.碟式太阳能光热转化单元热损失数值分析[J].热能动力工程,2014(1):97-102.
[18]Heffner F E. Additional dimensions of 4L23 engine. Personal Communication,1978.
[19]Rea S N,Smith J L. The influence of pressure cycling on thermal regenerators[J]. Journal of Engineering for Industry,1967,89(3):563-569.
[20]Linstrom P J,Mallard W G. National institute of standards and technology(NIST)chemistry webbook[J]. NIST Standard Reference Database,2005.