《丁祭弹文》的传播演变及被小说化用的内涵分析
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摘要
《丁祭弹文》是明代弘治巳未侍郎刘清的原创笑话,被明代进士都穆列入《滁州志·刘清传》,明代钟惺《谐丛》改为《饿鬼》,明代嘉靖刻本笑话集《解愠编·儒箴》改为《秀才抢胙》,万历以后的《华筵趣乐谈笑酒令》改题为《不重廉耻》。类似饿鬼的无节制欲望狂求在《金瓶梅》《儒林外史》《聊斋志异》《谐铎》等小说中被重新聚焦、演绎。从《丁祭弹文》这则笑话的传播演变,可以看出明清专制官场体制下权力与欲望的关系,更从精神层次揭露了专制体制下权力膨胀与人性的异化和蜕变,对今天社会权保障体系的构建也有启发意义。
"DING JI TAN WEN(Mr.DING's Joke)" is created by LIU Qing,an official in the Ming Dynasty and edited into the History of Chuzhou State · Liuqing's Biography by the contemporary scholar Dumu.Then the Joke is changed into A Story of Starving Ghost,Xiucai Fighting for Meat,and Shameless in different books and periods of Ming Dynasty.The image of the starving ghost with endless desire is reappeared in many famous novels.From the evolution of the Joke,the relationship of power and desire in Ming and Qing officialdom and the degeneration of humanity under the ultimate power can be observed,which can be the references for the construction of today's social care system.
"DING JI TAN WEN(Mr.DING's Joke)" is created by LIU Qing,an official in the Ming Dynasty and edited into the History of Chuzhou State · Liuqing's Biography by the contemporary scholar Dumu.Then the Joke is changed into A Story of Starving Ghost,Xiucai Fighting for Meat,and Shameless in different books and periods of Ming Dynasty.The image of the starving ghost with endless desire is reappeared in many famous novels.From the evolution of the Joke,the relationship of power and desire in Ming and Qing officialdom and the degeneration of humanity under the ultimate power can be observed,which can be the references for the construction of today's social care system.
引文
[1]都穆.都公谭纂:卷下[M].上海:上海古籍出版社,2005.
[2]王利器.中国笑话大观[M].北京:北京出版社,1995.
[3]冯梦龙.广笑府[M].武汉:荆楚书社,1987.
[4]兰陵笑笑生.金瓶梅[M].济南:齐鲁书社,1991.
[5]吴敬梓.儒林外史[M].南京:江苏古籍出版社,1998.
[6]朱一玄.明清小说资料汇编[G].天津:南开大学出版社,2012.
[7]鲁迅.中国小说史略[M].北京:中华书局,2012.
[8]刘玉珠,孙柏录.《辞海》(第六版)指瑕[M].上海:上海辞书出版社,1989.
[9]马瑞芳.对封建官吏入骨三分的鞭挞:《饿鬼》赏析[J].蒲松龄研究,2004(3):82–84.
[10]萧相恺.中国文言小说家[M].郑州:中州古籍出版社,2004.
[11]罗小东.古典文学与传统文化精神[M].北京:文化艺术出版社,2001.
[2]王利器.中国笑话大观[M].北京:北京出版社,1995.
[3]冯梦龙.广笑府[M].武汉:荆楚书社,1987.
[4]兰陵笑笑生.金瓶梅[M].济南:齐鲁书社,1991.
[5]吴敬梓.儒林外史[M].南京:江苏古籍出版社,1998.
[6]朱一玄.明清小说资料汇编[G].天津:南开大学出版社,2012.
[7]鲁迅.中国小说史略[M].北京:中华书局,2012.
[8]刘玉珠,孙柏录.《辞海》(第六版)指瑕[M].上海:上海辞书出版社,1989.
[9]马瑞芳.对封建官吏入骨三分的鞭挞:《饿鬼》赏析[J].蒲松龄研究,2004(3):82–84.
[10]萧相恺.中国文言小说家[M].郑州:中州古籍出版社,2004.
[11]罗小东.古典文学与传统文化精神[M].北京:文化艺术出版社,2001.