安顺市野生足茎毛兰资源调查及受胁原因分析
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摘要
为了解种群现状和保护种群扩繁,对安顺境内野生足茎毛兰(Eria coronaria)资源进行调查。结果表明:(1)安顺境内野生足茎毛兰花期为9月下旬至11月下旬,与原文献记载不符;资源数量约8500株,分布面积为1400m~2;(2)主要分布在海拔1000m以上的喀斯特石山中、上部,植被郁闭度0. 6以上,林下覆盖度在40%～60%间,且坡度在35°以上的陡坡石面或石沟中;(3)足茎毛兰受胁原因分为外因和内因,其中内因主要是种群结实率、种子繁殖力等;外因主要表现在对生境要求、人为活动、传粉媒介专一性等方面。
In order to understand the current status of the population and protect the population expansion,the wild Eria coronaria resources in Anshun were investigated. The results showed that:( 1) The flowering period of wild Eria coronaria in Anshun was from late September to late November,which was inconsistent with the original literature,the amount of resources was about 8,500,with an area of 1400 m~2;( 2) It mainly distributed in the middle and upper parts of Karst Rocky Mountains above 1000 m altitude,the vegetation canopy closure degree was above 0.6,the understory coverage was between 40% and 60%,and the slope was above 35° steep slope stone or stone ditch;( 3) The reason for the threat of the Eria coronaria was divided into external and internal causes,in which the internal causes were mainly population seed setting rate,seed fertility,etc.. External factors were mainly manifested in habitat requirements,human activities,and pollinator specificity.
In order to understand the current status of the population and protect the population expansion,the wild Eria coronaria resources in Anshun were investigated. The results showed that:( 1) The flowering period of wild Eria coronaria in Anshun was from late September to late November,which was inconsistent with the original literature,the amount of resources was about 8,500,with an area of 1400 m~2;( 2) It mainly distributed in the middle and upper parts of Karst Rocky Mountains above 1000 m altitude,the vegetation canopy closure degree was above 0.6,the understory coverage was between 40% and 60%,and the slope was above 35° steep slope stone or stone ditch;( 3) The reason for the threat of the Eria coronaria was divided into external and internal causes,in which the internal causes were mainly population seed setting rate,seed fertility,etc.. External factors were mainly manifested in habitat requirements,human activities,and pollinator specificity.
引文
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[2]丁长春,夏念和.麻栗坡兜兰的无菌播种与快速繁殖[J].植物生理学通讯,2009(12):1201~1202.
[3]董艳莉,阎洪,郭泉水,等.珍稀濒危植物杏黄兜兰的生境调查和栽培试验[J].林业科学研究,2008(01):25~30.
[4]上官法智.足茎毛兰的传粉生物学研究[D].贵州大学,2008.
[5]上官法智,程瑾,熊源新,等.足茎毛兰的欺骗性传粉研究[J].生物多样性,2008(05):477~483.
[6]王莲辉,姜运力,李从瑞,等.足茎毛兰组培快繁技术研究[J].中国野生植物资源,2013(06):62~65.
[7]中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会.中国植物志(第十八卷)[M].科学出版社,1999.
[8]陈谦海.贵州植物志(第十卷)[M].贵州科学技术出版社,2004.
[9]王瑞,苓胡虹,李树云.黄花杓兰与菌根真菌共生关系研究[J].云南植物研究,2004(04):445~450.
[10] Currah R S,Zelmer C D,Hambleton S,et al. Fungi from orchid mycorrhizasf M]. Orchid Biology. Springer Netherlands,1997:117~170.
[11] Ramstetter J M. Triphora Trianthophora(Swartz)Rydb:Three-birds Orchid[M]. New England Wild Flower Society,2001.
[12]弓明钦,陈应龙,仲崇禄.菌根研究与应用[M]. 1997.