考虑用餐约束的城市轨道交通乘务计划编制优化研究
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摘要
随着我国城市轨道交通线路里程的不断延长、运营时间的逐步增加,乘务员用餐对乘务员任务量均衡性的影响越来越大。为提高乘务员运用效率,以任务量均衡为目标提出考虑用餐约束的2种乘务计划优化编制思路,即"随乘"模式(DHM)编制方法和"虚拟班"模式(VGM)编制方法。其中,DHM方法编制的任务号均衡性较好,但其编制难度较大;VGM方法编制难度较小,但应对调度员临时调整鲁棒性较差,"乱表"后的调整难度较大。实际应用中,根据不同的线路条件,选择适合的方法能够更有针对性地为城市轨道交通乘务计划均衡编制提供参考。
With the continuous extension of urban rail transit and operating time, the impact of crew meal constraints to the balance of crew schedule becomes more and more serious. To improve the efficiency of crew and the balance of schedule, this paper proposes two approaches for optimizing compilation, namely "Deadhead Method"(DHM) and "Virtual Group Method"(VGM), aiming at balancing the task quantity. The balance of task compiled with DHM method is better with more difficulty; VGM method is less difficult to compile, but it is less robust to the temporary adjustment of dispatchers, and more difficult to adjust after "random table". In practical application, according to different line conditions, choosing appropriate methods can provide reference for balancing crew schedule of urban rail transit.
With the continuous extension of urban rail transit and operating time, the impact of crew meal constraints to the balance of crew schedule becomes more and more serious. To improve the efficiency of crew and the balance of schedule, this paper proposes two approaches for optimizing compilation, namely "Deadhead Method"(DHM) and "Virtual Group Method"(VGM), aiming at balancing the task quantity. The balance of task compiled with DHM method is better with more difficulty; VGM method is less difficult to compile, but it is less robust to the temporary adjustment of dispatchers, and more difficult to adjust after "random table". In practical application, according to different line conditions, choosing appropriate methods can provide reference for balancing crew schedule of urban rail transit.
引文
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[2]CAPRARA A,FISCHETTI M,TOTH P.Algorithms for Railway Crew Management[J].Mathematical Programming,1997,79(1):125-141.
[3]张增勇.城市轨道交通乘务计划编制方法研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2014.
[4]丰富.城市轨道交通乘务排班计划优化方法研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2015.
[5]李子卿.城市轨道交通乘务排班问题的策略优化研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2015.
[6]石俊刚,杨静,王凤丽.多线乘务员共享条件下城市轨道交通乘务计划均衡编制探讨[J].铁道运输与经济,2016,38(3):84-87.SHI Jungang,YANG Jing,WANG Fengli.Discussing on Balanced Crew Scheduling of Urban Rail Transit based on Multi-line Crews Sharing[J].Railway Transport and Economy,2016,38(3):84-87.
[7]张苏波,吕红霞,刘淑辉.列车乘务派班系统的设计与实现[J].铁道运输与经济,2007,29(8):19-21.ZHANG Subo,LYU Hongxia,LIU Shuhui.Design and Realization of Train Crew Shift Appointing System[J].Railway Transport and Economy,2007,29(8):19-21.
[8]李献忠,徐瑞华.基于乘务广义费用的城市轨道交通排班[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2007,35(6):750-754.LI Xianzhong,XU Ruihua.An Optimal Wide CrewRelated Costs-based Scheduling for Crew of Urban Rail Transportation[J].Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science),2007,35(6):750-754.
[9]黄志远,周峰,张在龙.基于可预知事件的城市轨道交通乘务轮转计划优化调整[J].交通运输系统工程与信息,2017,17(4):111-117.HUANG Zhiyuan,ZHOU Feng,ZHANG Zailong.Optimizing Adjustment of Urban Rail Transit Crew Rostering Plan based on Predictable Events[J].Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology,2017,17(4):111-117.