论方剂的分类
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摘要
通过分析方剂分类的目的、历代方剂分类方法、目前《方剂学》教材中方剂分类存在的问题等,对优化方剂分类提出了设想。认为目前的《方剂学》多遵循清代汪昂《医方集解》的综合分类法,这种分类方法具有笼统、不同章节的同类方剂相互交叉错杂、分类语言描述不准确等不足,故应对《方剂学》中的方剂分类进行优化,以更有利于教学、科研和临床。提出了八法(汗、吐、下、和、温、清、消、补)为纲、祛邪方单列、气血痰方单列、固涩方单列、神志方单列、痈疡方单列和外用方单列的分类方法,此种方剂分类方法将便于人们对方剂类别进行系统的认识和把握,可使方剂分类更好地落实于临床应用。
By analyzing the purpose of classification of Chinese herbal formulas,the methods of classification of Chinese herbal formulas in various dynasties,and the disadvantages of classification of Chinese herbal formulas in the present textbook of Formulas of Traditional Chinese Medicine, we put forwards some thoughts for the optimization of classification of Chinese herbal formulas. It is believed that the classification of Chinese herbal formulas in the present textbook of Formulas of Traditional Chinese Medicine commonly followed the comprehensive classification method recorded in A Collection of Prescription with Expositions by WANG Ang in Qing Dynasty,and the comprehensive classification method needed to be improved for its indistinct, intercrossing of the same category from different chapters,and inaccurate description of the definition of classification,thus to be adaptive to the teaching,research and clinical application. It is suggested that the optimized classification of Chinese herbal formulas should be based on the eight principal therapeutic methods(diaphoresis, emesis, purgation,regulation,warming,heat reduction,resolution,and tonification)and some formulas with special therapeutic effect should be categorized separately, and they are prescriptions for eliminating pathogens, prescriptions for regulating Qi,blood and phlegm,prescriptions for inducing astringency,prescriptions for treatment of mental diseases,prescriptions for treatment of abscess and ulcers,and prescriptions for external therapy. The optimized classification of Chinese herbal formulas will be beneficial to grasping the categories of Chinese herbal formulas systematically,and to the effective clinical application of Chinese herbal formulas.
By analyzing the purpose of classification of Chinese herbal formulas,the methods of classification of Chinese herbal formulas in various dynasties,and the disadvantages of classification of Chinese herbal formulas in the present textbook of Formulas of Traditional Chinese Medicine, we put forwards some thoughts for the optimization of classification of Chinese herbal formulas. It is believed that the classification of Chinese herbal formulas in the present textbook of Formulas of Traditional Chinese Medicine commonly followed the comprehensive classification method recorded in A Collection of Prescription with Expositions by WANG Ang in Qing Dynasty,and the comprehensive classification method needed to be improved for its indistinct, intercrossing of the same category from different chapters,and inaccurate description of the definition of classification,thus to be adaptive to the teaching,research and clinical application. It is suggested that the optimized classification of Chinese herbal formulas should be based on the eight principal therapeutic methods(diaphoresis, emesis, purgation,regulation,warming,heat reduction,resolution,and tonification)and some formulas with special therapeutic effect should be categorized separately, and they are prescriptions for eliminating pathogens, prescriptions for regulating Qi,blood and phlegm,prescriptions for inducing astringency,prescriptions for treatment of mental diseases,prescriptions for treatment of abscess and ulcers,and prescriptions for external therapy. The optimized classification of Chinese herbal formulas will be beneficial to grasping the categories of Chinese herbal formulas systematically,and to the effective clinical application of Chinese herbal formulas.
引文
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[3]杨学智,郭宙,司银楚,等.基于BP神经网络的半夏泻心汤及其类方性味药组对小鼠小肠运动的影响[J].中华中医药杂志,2009,24(7):870.
[4]赵阳.方剂分类的历史研究[D].北京:中国中医科学院,2009.
[5]陈潮祖.治法与方剂[M].4版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2003.
[6]马红治.清代前中期方剂学成就与特点研究(1644-1840)[D].北京:中国中医研究院,2005.
[7]邓中甲.方剂学[M].2版.北京:中国中医药出版社,2003.
[8]李德顺.治法的层次性理解[J].湖北中医杂志,2008,30(1):23.
[9]岳晓丽.内生五邪研究概况与展望[J].河南中医学院学报,2007,22(5):56.
[10]许济群.方剂学[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,2007.