乡城流动中的家庭离散及其影响研究
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摘要
城镇化为城乡居民的生产生活带来翻天覆地的变化,但是当前我国城镇化面临着挑战和困难。一方面,农民工迁移呈现半城市化,难以享受到均等的公共服务,家庭城镇化远落后于就业城镇化;另一方面,城镇化与工业化将资源大量带离农村,农村对现代化的容纳能力下降,家庭劳动力的分散化迁移造成其他成员被迫留守,农村家庭功能、人伦人道正在遭到破坏。农村留守家庭离散本质上是一种制度性离散,个人外出务工与"半市民化"皆是他们不自由的选择,家庭离散不仅会对家庭结构与功能造成伤害,更会给社会发展与国家稳定带来不利的影响。
The life of urban and rural residents has gone through earth-shaking changes because of urbanization.However,the urbanization of China faces challenges and dilemmas.On one hand,migrant workers stuck in semi-urbanization conditions which lack equal public services.In fact,the urbanization of families is far behind of occupations.On the other hand,the development of urbanization and industrialization has taken lots of resources away from the countryside,and the countryside's ability to accommodate modernization is declining.Urbanization and industrialization has deprived of a great deal of resources from the country.In other words,other family members have to stay in villages due to the decentralized migration of household labor forces,which results in destruction of family functions and social morals.Essentially,the separation of rural left-behind families in China is a kind of institutional separation.Migrant workers are forced to choose to gain life in cities and to be semi-citizens.In conclusion,the separation of left-behind families not only harms family structures and functions,but also negatively affects social development and country stabilities extremely.
The life of urban and rural residents has gone through earth-shaking changes because of urbanization.However,the urbanization of China faces challenges and dilemmas.On one hand,migrant workers stuck in semi-urbanization conditions which lack equal public services.In fact,the urbanization of families is far behind of occupations.On the other hand,the development of urbanization and industrialization has taken lots of resources away from the countryside,and the countryside's ability to accommodate modernization is declining.Urbanization and industrialization has deprived of a great deal of resources from the country.In other words,other family members have to stay in villages due to the decentralized migration of household labor forces,which results in destruction of family functions and social morals.Essentially,the separation of rural left-behind families in China is a kind of institutional separation.Migrant workers are forced to choose to gain life in cities and to be semi-citizens.In conclusion,the separation of left-behind families not only harms family structures and functions,but also negatively affects social development and country stabilities extremely.
引文
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[2]刘筱红,施远涛.农村留守家庭离散问题研究——基于“新四化”的视角[J].成都理工大学学报:社会科学版,2014(3):77-82.
[3]叶敬忠,吴惠芳.阡陌独舞——中国农村留守妇女[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2008:56-57.
[4][日]天野宽子.戦後日本の女性農業者の地位——男女平等の生活文化の創造へ[M].东京:ドメス出版,2001:2.
[5]金一虹.离散中的弥合——农村流动家庭研究[J].江苏社会科学,2009(2):98-102.
[6]王兴平.以家庭为基本单元的耦合式城镇化:新型城镇化研究的新视角[J].现代城市研究,2014(12):88-93.
[7]任远.大迁移时代的儿童留守和支持家庭的社会政策[J].南京社会科学,2015(1):73-78.
[8]钟水映,李魁.农民工“半市民化”与“后市民化”衔接机制研究[J].中国农业大学学报:社会科学版,2007(3):64-70.
[9]聂飞.基于家庭视角下的留守儿童关爱服务体系构建[J].新疆社会科学,2014(4):119-125.
[10]卢现祥.新制度经济学[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2004:136.