以乡村文化为核心要素发展海南乡村旅游
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摘要
乡村旅游是海南全域旅游发展的重要组成部分,独具特色的海南乡村文化是海南乡村旅游发展中最具吸引力的资源要素。基于海南乡村文化的调研,分析海南乡村文化的现状,挖掘海南传统乡村文化和历史文化名村,探讨发展海南乡村旅游的资源要素。结果表明,海南乡村文化内涵丰富,乡村传统风貌与习俗保存情况良好,地域特色鲜明,以乡村文化为核心要素发展海南乡村旅游,对提高海南旅游供给侧结构性改革的力度,提高村民收入、促进海南美丽乡村建设提供了有利的基础和条件。然而,针对海南乡村文化保护与传承现状,尽管历史文化名村及乡村艺术受到各级政府重视、得到一定程度保护,但普遍存在乡村环境历史遗迹破坏严重、传统乡村文化逐渐被都市文化蚕食等问题,进而导致乡村文化旅游供给"同质化"、旅游与各行各业融合"松散化",严重制约了乡村旅游的可持续发展。因此,提出应保护乡村传统风貌,依托地域文化,发展文化旅游,培育乡村旅游市场,打造乡村文化品牌、提升旅游供给质量等策略。
Rural tourism is an important part of Hainan's holistic tourism development.The unique Hainan rural culture is the most attractive resource element in Hainan's rural tourism development.Based on the investigation of Hainan's rural culture,this paper analyzes the current situation of Hainan's rural culture,explores Hainan's traditional rural culture and famous historical cultural villages,and discusses the resource elements of Hainan's rural tourism.Results show that the rural culture in Hainan is rich in connotations,the rural traditional style and customs are well preserved,and the regional characteristics are distinct.Developing Hainan's rural tourism with rural culture as the core factor provides favorable bases and conditions to improve the supply-side structural reform of Hainan's tourism,increases villagers' income and promotes the Construction of Beautiful Village in Hainan.Currently,though the government provides some protection for the historical and cultural villages and rural art,there exists some problems,including the severe destruction of the historical relics of rural environment,the erosion of traditional rural culture by urban culture,the homogenization of rural cultural tourism supply,and the loss of the integration of tourism and various industries.These problems seriously restrict the sustainable development of rural tourism.Thus this paper suggests to protect villages' traditional style,to rely regional culture,to develop cultural tourism,to cultivate the rural tourism market,to build rural cultural brands,and to enhance the quality of tourism supply.
Rural tourism is an important part of Hainan's holistic tourism development.The unique Hainan rural culture is the most attractive resource element in Hainan's rural tourism development.Based on the investigation of Hainan's rural culture,this paper analyzes the current situation of Hainan's rural culture,explores Hainan's traditional rural culture and famous historical cultural villages,and discusses the resource elements of Hainan's rural tourism.Results show that the rural culture in Hainan is rich in connotations,the rural traditional style and customs are well preserved,and the regional characteristics are distinct.Developing Hainan's rural tourism with rural culture as the core factor provides favorable bases and conditions to improve the supply-side structural reform of Hainan's tourism,increases villagers' income and promotes the Construction of Beautiful Village in Hainan.Currently,though the government provides some protection for the historical and cultural villages and rural art,there exists some problems,including the severe destruction of the historical relics of rural environment,the erosion of traditional rural culture by urban culture,the homogenization of rural cultural tourism supply,and the loss of the integration of tourism and various industries.These problems seriously restrict the sustainable development of rural tourism.Thus this paper suggests to protect villages' traditional style,to rely regional culture,to develop cultural tourism,to cultivate the rural tourism market,to build rural cultural brands,and to enhance the quality of tourism supply.
引文
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[6]Millán-Vazquez de la Torre M G,Arjona-Fuentes J M,AmadorHidalgo L.Olive oil tourism:Promoting rural development in Andalusia(Spain)[J].Tourism Management Perspectives,2017,21(1):100-108.
[7]Prince S,Ioannides D.Contextualizing the complexities of managing alternative tourism at the community-level:a case study of a nordic eco-village[J].Tourism Management,2017,60(1):348-356.
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[11]孙晓.乡村文化视域下的乡村旅游开发研究[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(31):19281-19282,19286.Sun X.Study on the development of rural tourism from the perspective of rural culture[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2011,39(31):19281-19282,19286.
[12]翟向坤,郭凌.乡村旅游开发中乡村文化生态建设研究[J].农业现代化研究,2016,37(4):635-640.Zhai X K,Guo L.A study on the rural cultural ecology system in developing rural tourism[J].Research of Agricultural Modernization,2016,37(4):635-640.
[13]乌兰敖登.基于消费者体验价值的乡村旅游产品开发策略[J].农业经济,2016(12):106-107.Ulan A D.Development strategy of rural tourism products based on consumer experience value[J].Agricultural Economy,2016(12):106-107.
[14]曹国新.从极性思维到多元互动:乡村旅游规划模式的变迁[J].旅游学刊,2008,23(7):8-9.Cao G X.From polar thinking to multi-interaction:the change of planning mode of rural tourism[J].Tourism Tribune,2008,23(7):8-9.
[15]葛学峰.乡村旅游偏好差异测量研究:基于高散选择模型[J].旅游学刊,2010,25(1):48-52.Ge X F.Measuring the difference of rural tourism preferences:based on discrete choice model[J].Tourism Tribune,2010,25(1):48-52.
[16]林明太.福建沿海地区乡村旅游游客旅游行为特征研究--以泉州双芹村旅游区为例[J].中国农学通报,2010,26(4):328-335.Lin M T.Research on tourism behavior characteristic of tourist of village tourism on the coastal areas of Fujian province-Take the Shuangqin village tourism area in Quanzhou as an example[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2010,26(4):328-335.
[17]万绪才,丁敏,张钟方,等.南京市城市居民对乡村旅游发展的感知及旅游行为研究[J].地域研究与开发,2011,30(6):102-105,110.Wan X C,Ding M,Zhang Z F,et al.Study on the perception of rural tourism development and tourism behavior of urban residents in Nanjing[J].Areal Research and Development,2011,30(6):102-105,110.
[18]殷菲.乡村旅游者行为特征与市场偏好分析--以保亭县为例[J].北方经贸,2016(2):159-160.Yin F.Analysis of behavior characteristics and market preference of rural tourists-A case study of Baoting County[J].Northern Economy and Trade,2016(2):159-160.
[19]黄爱莲,魏小安.休闲农业与创意发展研究[C]//2011年全国休闲农业创新发展会议论文集,2011:148-151.Huang A L,Wei X A.Research on leisure agriculture and creative development[C]//Proceedings of National Conference on the Innovation and Development of Leisure Agriculture in 2011,2011:148-151.
[20]林常青.基于海南当前乡村旅游发展现状、对策及前景研究[J].农业经济与科技,2016,27(6):67-68.Lin C Q.On the basis of current development status,countermeasures and prospects of rural tourism in Hainan[J].Rural Economy and Science-Technology,2016,27(6):67-68.
[21]邓爱民,黄鑫.低碳背景下乡村旅游功能构建问题探讨[J].农业经济问题,2013,34(2):105-109.Deng A M,Huang X.Discussion on functional construction of rural tourism under the background of low-carbon[J].Issues in Agricultural Economy,2013,34(2):105-109.
[22]雷石标.海南岛农村旅游与海岛风光、低碳特色的交融研究[J].农业经济,2015(8):38-40.Lei S B.Study on the integration of Hainan island's rural tourism,island scenery and low-carbon features[J].Agricultural Economy,2015(8):38-40.
[23]熊庆蓉,杨永艳.海南乡村旅游目的地竞争力因素分析及提升策略[J].热带农业科学,2015,35(5):88-94.Xiong Q R,Yang Y Y.Competitiveness factors of rural tourism destinations in Hainan and promotion strategies[J].Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture,2015,35(5):88-94.
[24]陈才,蒋志芬.海南乡村旅游度假社区发展模式设计[J].大连海事大学学报(社会科学版),2014,13(5):47-51.Chen C,Jiang Z F.Development model design of rural tourism resort community in Hainan[J].Journal of Dalian Maritime University(Social Science Edition),2014,13(5):47-51.
[25]邵小慧,陈爱梅.海南休闲农业节庆活动发展现状及问题研究[J].农业与技术,2015,35(13):177-180.Shao X H,Chen A M.Research on development status and problems of leisure agriculture festivals in Hainan[J].Agriculture and Technology,2015,35(13):177-180.
[26]赛江涛,乌恩.乡村旅游文化内涵的界定[J].河北林果研究,2006,21(3):343-345,353.Sai J T,Wu E.Definition of the cultural intention of rural tourism[J].Hebei Journal of Forestry and Orchard Research,2006,21(3):343-345,353.
[27]海南省人民政府关于调整并公布海南省省级非物质文化遗产代表性项目名录的通知[Z].2012-11-27.Notice of the People's Government of Hainan Province on adjusting and promulgating the list of provincial intangible cultural heritage representative project list[Z].2012-11-27.
[28]海南省人民政府关于公布第五批省级非物质文化遗产代表性项目名录的通知[Z].2017-3-20.Notice of the People's Government of Hainan Province on the announcement of the fifth batch of provincial intangible cultural heritage representative project list[Z].2017-3-20.
[29]梁敏仪.传统与现代:珠江三角洲宗祠文化的现实思考[J].华夏文化,2017(2):23-25.Liang M Y.Tradition and modernity:Practical thinking of ancestral culture in Pearl River Delta[J].Chinese Culture,2017(2):23-25.
[30]赵影,钟小东.以供给侧结构性改革为基础,促进海南乡村旅游发展[J].新东方,2016(6):51-53.Zhao Y,Zhong X D.Promoting rural tourism in Hainan on the basis of supply-side structural reform[J].The New Orient,2016(6):51-53.
[31]杨世箐,李飞.结构功能主义视角下乡村旅游的可持续发展[J].西南石油大学学报(社会科学版),2018,20(4):37-42.Yang S J,Li F.An analysis of sustainable development of rural tourism from the perspective of structural functionalism[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Social Sciences Edition),2018,20(4):37-42.
[2]Paresishvili O,Kvaratskhelia L,Mirzaeva V.Rural tourism as a promising trend of small business in Georgia:Topicality,capabilities,peculiarities[J].Annals of Agrarian Science,2017,15(3):344-348.
[3]Campón-Cerro A M,Hernández-Mogollón J M,Alves H.Sustainable improvement of competitiveness in rural tourism destinations:The quest for tourist loyalty in Spain[J].Journal of Destination Marketing&Management,2017,6(3):252-266.
[4]Scaglione A,Mendola D.Measuring the perceived value of rural tourism:A field survey in the western Sicilian agritourism sector[J].Quality&Quantity,2017,51(2):745-763.
[5]Loureiro S M C.The role of the rural tourism experience economy in place attachment and behavioral intentions[J].International Journal of Hospitality Management,2014,40(7):1-9.
[6]Millán-Vazquez de la Torre M G,Arjona-Fuentes J M,AmadorHidalgo L.Olive oil tourism:Promoting rural development in Andalusia(Spain)[J].Tourism Management Perspectives,2017,21(1):100-108.
[7]Prince S,Ioannides D.Contextualizing the complexities of managing alternative tourism at the community-level:a case study of a nordic eco-village[J].Tourism Management,2017,60(1):348-356.
[8]李松.城镇化进程中乡村文化的保护与变迁[J].民俗研究,2014(1):8-10.Li S.Protection and change of rural culture in the process of urbanization[J].Folklore Studies,2014(1):8-10.
[9]马桂芳.新常态下青海藏区城镇化进程中传统文化保护利用之对策[J].青海社会科学,2015(6):190-193.Ma G F.Countermeasures for protection and utilization of traditional culture in the process of urbanization in Tibetan Region,Qinghai under the new normal[J].Qinghai Social Sciences,2015(6):190-193.
[10]肖璇,林辉.城市化影响下我国乡村文化景观的现状及发展[J].中国城市林业,2011,9(5):26-28.Xiao X,Lin H.Status and development of China's rural cultural landscape under the influence of urbanization[J].Journal of Chinese Urban Forestry,2011,9(5):26-28.
[11]孙晓.乡村文化视域下的乡村旅游开发研究[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(31):19281-19282,19286.Sun X.Study on the development of rural tourism from the perspective of rural culture[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2011,39(31):19281-19282,19286.
[12]翟向坤,郭凌.乡村旅游开发中乡村文化生态建设研究[J].农业现代化研究,2016,37(4):635-640.Zhai X K,Guo L.A study on the rural cultural ecology system in developing rural tourism[J].Research of Agricultural Modernization,2016,37(4):635-640.
[13]乌兰敖登.基于消费者体验价值的乡村旅游产品开发策略[J].农业经济,2016(12):106-107.Ulan A D.Development strategy of rural tourism products based on consumer experience value[J].Agricultural Economy,2016(12):106-107.
[14]曹国新.从极性思维到多元互动:乡村旅游规划模式的变迁[J].旅游学刊,2008,23(7):8-9.Cao G X.From polar thinking to multi-interaction:the change of planning mode of rural tourism[J].Tourism Tribune,2008,23(7):8-9.
[15]葛学峰.乡村旅游偏好差异测量研究:基于高散选择模型[J].旅游学刊,2010,25(1):48-52.Ge X F.Measuring the difference of rural tourism preferences:based on discrete choice model[J].Tourism Tribune,2010,25(1):48-52.
[16]林明太.福建沿海地区乡村旅游游客旅游行为特征研究--以泉州双芹村旅游区为例[J].中国农学通报,2010,26(4):328-335.Lin M T.Research on tourism behavior characteristic of tourist of village tourism on the coastal areas of Fujian province-Take the Shuangqin village tourism area in Quanzhou as an example[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2010,26(4):328-335.
[17]万绪才,丁敏,张钟方,等.南京市城市居民对乡村旅游发展的感知及旅游行为研究[J].地域研究与开发,2011,30(6):102-105,110.Wan X C,Ding M,Zhang Z F,et al.Study on the perception of rural tourism development and tourism behavior of urban residents in Nanjing[J].Areal Research and Development,2011,30(6):102-105,110.
[18]殷菲.乡村旅游者行为特征与市场偏好分析--以保亭县为例[J].北方经贸,2016(2):159-160.Yin F.Analysis of behavior characteristics and market preference of rural tourists-A case study of Baoting County[J].Northern Economy and Trade,2016(2):159-160.
[19]黄爱莲,魏小安.休闲农业与创意发展研究[C]//2011年全国休闲农业创新发展会议论文集,2011:148-151.Huang A L,Wei X A.Research on leisure agriculture and creative development[C]//Proceedings of National Conference on the Innovation and Development of Leisure Agriculture in 2011,2011:148-151.
[20]林常青.基于海南当前乡村旅游发展现状、对策及前景研究[J].农业经济与科技,2016,27(6):67-68.Lin C Q.On the basis of current development status,countermeasures and prospects of rural tourism in Hainan[J].Rural Economy and Science-Technology,2016,27(6):67-68.
[21]邓爱民,黄鑫.低碳背景下乡村旅游功能构建问题探讨[J].农业经济问题,2013,34(2):105-109.Deng A M,Huang X.Discussion on functional construction of rural tourism under the background of low-carbon[J].Issues in Agricultural Economy,2013,34(2):105-109.
[22]雷石标.海南岛农村旅游与海岛风光、低碳特色的交融研究[J].农业经济,2015(8):38-40.Lei S B.Study on the integration of Hainan island's rural tourism,island scenery and low-carbon features[J].Agricultural Economy,2015(8):38-40.
[23]熊庆蓉,杨永艳.海南乡村旅游目的地竞争力因素分析及提升策略[J].热带农业科学,2015,35(5):88-94.Xiong Q R,Yang Y Y.Competitiveness factors of rural tourism destinations in Hainan and promotion strategies[J].Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture,2015,35(5):88-94.
[24]陈才,蒋志芬.海南乡村旅游度假社区发展模式设计[J].大连海事大学学报(社会科学版),2014,13(5):47-51.Chen C,Jiang Z F.Development model design of rural tourism resort community in Hainan[J].Journal of Dalian Maritime University(Social Science Edition),2014,13(5):47-51.
[25]邵小慧,陈爱梅.海南休闲农业节庆活动发展现状及问题研究[J].农业与技术,2015,35(13):177-180.Shao X H,Chen A M.Research on development status and problems of leisure agriculture festivals in Hainan[J].Agriculture and Technology,2015,35(13):177-180.
[26]赛江涛,乌恩.乡村旅游文化内涵的界定[J].河北林果研究,2006,21(3):343-345,353.Sai J T,Wu E.Definition of the cultural intention of rural tourism[J].Hebei Journal of Forestry and Orchard Research,2006,21(3):343-345,353.
[27]海南省人民政府关于调整并公布海南省省级非物质文化遗产代表性项目名录的通知[Z].2012-11-27.Notice of the People's Government of Hainan Province on adjusting and promulgating the list of provincial intangible cultural heritage representative project list[Z].2012-11-27.
[28]海南省人民政府关于公布第五批省级非物质文化遗产代表性项目名录的通知[Z].2017-3-20.Notice of the People's Government of Hainan Province on the announcement of the fifth batch of provincial intangible cultural heritage representative project list[Z].2017-3-20.
[29]梁敏仪.传统与现代:珠江三角洲宗祠文化的现实思考[J].华夏文化,2017(2):23-25.Liang M Y.Tradition and modernity:Practical thinking of ancestral culture in Pearl River Delta[J].Chinese Culture,2017(2):23-25.
[30]赵影,钟小东.以供给侧结构性改革为基础,促进海南乡村旅游发展[J].新东方,2016(6):51-53.Zhao Y,Zhong X D.Promoting rural tourism in Hainan on the basis of supply-side structural reform[J].The New Orient,2016(6):51-53.
[31]杨世箐,李飞.结构功能主义视角下乡村旅游的可持续发展[J].西南石油大学学报(社会科学版),2018,20(4):37-42.Yang S J,Li F.An analysis of sustainable development of rural tourism from the perspective of structural functionalism[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Social Sciences Edition),2018,20(4):37-42.