干旱区旅游地生态系统健康评价及障碍因子诊断研究——以甘肃省张掖市为例
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摘要
针对干旱区旅游地生态环境脆弱、生态问题突出的现状,基于DPSR模型并采用突变级数法这一基于突变法则的评价方法,对甘肃省张掖市近五年的生态系统健康进行综合评价,并诊断生态系统健康的主要障碍因子从而加以调控。结果显示:五年间张掖市的生态系统健康处于偏下水平,各项指标均属于较差等级,指标及综合得分具有明显的波动特征;就要素层的障碍度来看,五年间各个要素层对于张掖市生态系统健康的障碍程度有所差异;就指标层的障碍度来看,影响张掖市生态系统健康的首位障碍因子为人均日生活用水量,五年间的出现频次为3次,另有6项因子的出现频次为2次,今后需对这些指标予以格外重视。
Towards resolving the fragile eco-environment and serious ecological problems in the arid area,in this study,we made use of the DPSR model and catastrophe progression method,which is an evaluation method on account of catastrophe rule,to comprehensively evaluate the ecosystem health in Zhangye city of Gansu province in recent five years. The major obstacle factors of the ecosystem health were diagnosed. According to our results,the ecosystem health of Zhangye was in the lower level in the past five years with all the indexes belonging to the poor grade range,and the indexes as well as comprehensive scores showed significant fluctuation characteristics. The obstacle degree of each element layer to the ecosystem health of Zhangye city varied drastically over the past five years. In terms of the obstacle degree of the index layers,the first obstacle factor affecting the ecosystem health of Zhangye city was the daily living water consumption per capita. Its occurrence frequency in the past five years was three,whereas that of other six factors was twice. More attention should be paid to these indicators in the future.
Towards resolving the fragile eco-environment and serious ecological problems in the arid area,in this study,we made use of the DPSR model and catastrophe progression method,which is an evaluation method on account of catastrophe rule,to comprehensively evaluate the ecosystem health in Zhangye city of Gansu province in recent five years. The major obstacle factors of the ecosystem health were diagnosed. According to our results,the ecosystem health of Zhangye was in the lower level in the past five years with all the indexes belonging to the poor grade range,and the indexes as well as comprehensive scores showed significant fluctuation characteristics. The obstacle degree of each element layer to the ecosystem health of Zhangye city varied drastically over the past five years. In terms of the obstacle degree of the index layers,the first obstacle factor affecting the ecosystem health of Zhangye city was the daily living water consumption per capita. Its occurrence frequency in the past five years was three,whereas that of other six factors was twice. More attention should be paid to these indicators in the future.
引文
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[24]任建丽,金海龙,叶茂,等.基于PSR模型对艾比湖流域生态系统健康评价研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2012,26(2):37-41.
[25]蒋依依,张敏.基于PSR模型的旅游地生态持续性空间差异评价---以云南省玉龙纳西族自治县为例[J].资源科学,2013,35(2):96-104.
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[27]杨建强,朱永贵,宋文鹏,等.基于生境质量和生态响应的莱州湾生态环境质量评价[J].生态学报,2014,34(1):105-114.
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[2]MAGEAU M T,COSTANZA R,ULANOWICZ R E.The development and initial testing a quantitative assessment of ecosystem health[J].Acta Psych Scand,1995,1(2):201-213.
[3]VILCHEK G E.Ecosystem health,landscape vulnerability,and environmental risk assessment[J].Ecosyst Health,1998,4(1):52-60.
[4]SHEAVES M,JOHNSTON R,CONNOLLY R M.Fish assemblages as indicators of estuary ecosystem health[J].Wetlands Ecol Manag,2012,20(6):477-490.
[5]TRAINER V L,BATES S S,LUNDHOLM N,et al.Pseudo-nitzschia physiological ecology,phylogeny,toxicity,monitoring and impacts on ecosystem health[J].Harmful Alg,2012,14:271-300.
[6]WIKE L D,MARTIN F D,PALLER M H,et al.Impact of forest seral stage on use of ant communities for rapid assessment of terrestrial ecosystem health[J].J Ins Sci,2010,10(77):1-16.
[7]BUNN S E,ABAL E G,SMITH M J,et al.Integration of science and monitoring of river ecosystem health to guide investments in catchment protection and rehabilitation[J].Freshwater Biol,2010,55(S1):223-240.
[8]HONG B,LIMBURG K E,ERICKSON J D,et al.Connecting the ecological-economic dots in human-dominated watersheds:models to link socio-economic activities on the landscape to stream ecosystem health[J].Land Urban Plan,2009,91(2):78-87.
[9]牛明香,王俊,徐宾铎.基于PSR的黄河河口区生态系统健康评价[J].生态学报,2017,37(3):943-952.
[10]吴易雯,李莹杰,张列宇,等.基于主客观赋权模糊综合评价法的湖泊水生态系统健康评价[J].湖泊科学,2017,29(5):1091-1102.
[11]沈颜奕,陈星.城市湖泊生态系统健康评价与修复研究[J].水资源与水工程学报,2017,28(2):82-85.
[12]尹艺洁,刘世梁,成方妍,等.基于景观特征的广西典型红树林湿地生态系统健康评价[J].安全与环境学报,2017,17(3):1164-1170.
[13]张玉.基于DPSIR框架的旅游海岛生态安全评价---以长海县海岛为例[D].大连:大连理工大学,2014.
[14]张春乐,方崇,苏超.基于突变理论的右江灌区节水改造项目评价[J].广东农业科学,2011,38(1):178-180.
[15]陈晓红,杨立.基于突变级数法的障碍诊断模型及其在中小企业中的应用[J].系统工程理论与实践,2013,33(6):1479-1485.
[16]李彩惠,霍海鹰,李雅洁,等.基于突变级数模型的城市低碳竞争力评价及障碍因子诊断分析[J].资源科学,2015,37(7):1474-1481.
[17]李向明.基于DPSIR概念模型的山地型旅游区生态健康诊断与调控研究---以井冈山为例[D].昆明:云南大学,2011.
[18]余子萍,张彦儒,张丽洁.基于PSR模型的旅游生态系统健康评价---以南京玄武湖风景区为例[J].安徽农业科学,2012,40(10):6029-6032.
[19]肖佳媚.基于PSR模型的南麂岛生态系统评价研究[D].厦门:厦门大学,2007.
[20]彭建,吴健生,潘雅婧,等.基于PSR模型的区域生态持续性评价概念框架[J].地理科学进展,2012,31(7):933-940.
[21]笪可宁,彭一峰,郭宝荣.基于熵权法的城市营商环境问题研究---以沈阳市为例[J].沈阳建筑大学学报(社会科学版),2018,20(03):250-255.
[22]张宁,田美荣,高吉喜,等.近35年科尔沁沙地生态系统健康诊断研究---以巴林右旗为例[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(4):206-211.
[23]周彬,钟林生,陈田,等.舟山群岛旅游生态健康动态评价[J].地理研究,2015,34(2):306-318.
[24]任建丽,金海龙,叶茂,等.基于PSR模型对艾比湖流域生态系统健康评价研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2012,26(2):37-41.
[25]蒋依依,张敏.基于PSR模型的旅游地生态持续性空间差异评价---以云南省玉龙纳西族自治县为例[J].资源科学,2013,35(2):96-104.
[26]冯亚芬.干旱、半干旱区旅游资源开发的生态安全评价与开发模式研究[D].上海:上海师范大学,2006.
[27]杨建强,朱永贵,宋文鹏,等.基于生境质量和生态响应的莱州湾生态环境质量评价[J].生态学报,2014,34(1):105-114.
[28]林华剑.基于PSR模型的广州南沙湿地填海对生态系统影响的评价[D].大连:大连海洋大学,2015.