英国家园地带建设实践及其启示
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摘要
英国家园地带建设是针对居住街区街道或街道群所进行的设计与改造项目,其优先考虑驾驶者之外的其他道路使用者,打造多样化的街道环境,提高了街道的安全性,改善了居民的生活质量。基于此,文章梳理了英国家园地带的概念、建设目标l及发展历程,归纳其征询、建设草案协商、建设和后期维护等建设阶段的主要工作内容,并详细介绍了英国利兹Metheys家园地带的建设实践。同时,从保障行人优先路权、提供街道活动空间、精细设计街道设施、提升街道文化认同、促进居民广泛参与和建立管理维护机制等方面提出对我国街道建设的启示,以期为我国开放街区街道建设提供新的思路。
The construction of the British Home Zone is a design and renovation project for residential streets or street groups.It gives priority to other road users than drivers,creating diverse street environments,improving street safety and improvimg the quality of life of residents.Based on this,this paper summarizes the concept,construction goals and the development of the British Home Zone,summarizes the main working contents including consultation,construction draft negotiation,construction and postmaintenance,and introduces the construction practice of the Methleys Home Zone in Leeds,UK.This paper further puts forward useful inspiration for China's street construction from the aspects of guaranteeing pedestrian priority,providing street activity space,finely designing street facilities,enhancing street cultural identity,promoting widespread participation of residents and establishing management and maintenance mechanism,with a view to providing new ideas for open blocks street construction in China.
The construction of the British Home Zone is a design and renovation project for residential streets or street groups.It gives priority to other road users than drivers,creating diverse street environments,improving street safety and improvimg the quality of life of residents.Based on this,this paper summarizes the concept,construction goals and the development of the British Home Zone,summarizes the main working contents including consultation,construction draft negotiation,construction and postmaintenance,and introduces the construction practice of the Methleys Home Zone in Leeds,UK.This paper further puts forward useful inspiration for China's street construction from the aspects of guaranteeing pedestrian priority,providing street activity space,finely designing street facilities,enhancing street cultural identity,promoting widespread participation of residents and establishing management and maintenance mechanism,with a view to providing new ideas for open blocks street construction in China.
引文
[1]韩冬青,方榕.西方城市街道微观形态研究评述[J].国际城市规划,2013(1):44-49.
[2]中国共产党中央委员会.中共中央国务院关于进一步加强城市规划建设管理工作的若干意见[S].2016.
[3]Department for Transport. Home Zones:Challenging the Future of Our Streets[M]. UK:DfT, 2005.
[4]Biddulph M. Home Zones:A Planning and Design Handbook[M]. Bristol:Joseph Rowntree Foundation, Policy Press,2001.
[5]Biddulph M. Home Zones:A Planning and Design Handbook[M]. Bristol:The Policy Press, 2001.
[6]Alan M, Voorhees Transportation Center. Home Zone Conceptsand New Jersey[R]. 2004.
[7]许悦,张玉春,李锡麟.英国家园地带—开放式街区“窄马路”改造与设计[J].中国园林,2017(12):95-99.
[8]Biddulph M. Reviewing the UK Home Zone Initiatives[J]. Urban Design International, 2008(2):121-129.
[9] Gill T. Home Zones in the UK:History,Policy and Impact on Children and Youth[J]. Children, Youth and Environments, 2006(1):90-103.
[10]Biddulph M. Towards Successful Home Zones in the UK[J]. Journal of Urban Design, 2003(3):217-241.
[11]Institute of Highway Incorporated Engineers. Home Zone Design Guidelines[S]. 2002.
[12]Consultants L U. Home Zones in Scotland:Evaluation Report[R]. 2007.
[13]Biddulph M. Home Zones:Design Rationale[N]. Local Government News,1999-09-21.
[14]Layfield R, Chinn L, Nicholls D. Pilot Home Zone Schemes Evaluation of The Methleys, Leeds[J]. Trl Report Trl,2003(7):52.
[15] Clayden A, Mckoy K, Wild A. Improving Residential Liveability in the UK:Home Zones and Alternative Approaches[J].Journal of Urban Design, 2006(1):55-71.
[16]Biddulph M. Evaluating the English Home Zone Initiatives[J]. Journal of the American Planning Association, 2010(2):199-218.
[17]Burton J. The Lighting of Northmoor'Home Zone'[J]. The Lighting Journal, 2003(10):26-27.
[18]姜洋,王悦,解建华,等.回归以人为本的街道:世界城市街道设计导则最新发展动态及对中国城市的启示[J].国际城市规划,2012(5):65-72.
[2]中国共产党中央委员会.中共中央国务院关于进一步加强城市规划建设管理工作的若干意见[S].2016.
[3]Department for Transport. Home Zones:Challenging the Future of Our Streets[M]. UK:DfT, 2005.
[4]Biddulph M. Home Zones:A Planning and Design Handbook[M]. Bristol:Joseph Rowntree Foundation, Policy Press,2001.
[5]Biddulph M. Home Zones:A Planning and Design Handbook[M]. Bristol:The Policy Press, 2001.
[6]Alan M, Voorhees Transportation Center. Home Zone Conceptsand New Jersey[R]. 2004.
[7]许悦,张玉春,李锡麟.英国家园地带—开放式街区“窄马路”改造与设计[J].中国园林,2017(12):95-99.
[8]Biddulph M. Reviewing the UK Home Zone Initiatives[J]. Urban Design International, 2008(2):121-129.
[9] Gill T. Home Zones in the UK:History,Policy and Impact on Children and Youth[J]. Children, Youth and Environments, 2006(1):90-103.
[10]Biddulph M. Towards Successful Home Zones in the UK[J]. Journal of Urban Design, 2003(3):217-241.
[11]Institute of Highway Incorporated Engineers. Home Zone Design Guidelines[S]. 2002.
[12]Consultants L U. Home Zones in Scotland:Evaluation Report[R]. 2007.
[13]Biddulph M. Home Zones:Design Rationale[N]. Local Government News,1999-09-21.
[14]Layfield R, Chinn L, Nicholls D. Pilot Home Zone Schemes Evaluation of The Methleys, Leeds[J]. Trl Report Trl,2003(7):52.
[15] Clayden A, Mckoy K, Wild A. Improving Residential Liveability in the UK:Home Zones and Alternative Approaches[J].Journal of Urban Design, 2006(1):55-71.
[16]Biddulph M. Evaluating the English Home Zone Initiatives[J]. Journal of the American Planning Association, 2010(2):199-218.
[17]Burton J. The Lighting of Northmoor'Home Zone'[J]. The Lighting Journal, 2003(10):26-27.
[18]姜洋,王悦,解建华,等.回归以人为本的街道:世界城市街道设计导则最新发展动态及对中国城市的启示[J].国际城市规划,2012(5):65-72.