鄂尔多斯盆地陆相页岩气储层评价技术研究
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摘要
页岩气开发作为国家"十三五"重要的能源发展计划,迫切需要建立相应的储层评价指标和标准,对储层进行完整性评价。目前,国内针对陆相页岩气储层特征及评价的研究工作开展得相对较少,在大量调研国外文献的基础上,参考北美、国内海相和陆相已有的储层评价标准,得出精细评价需考虑的重要参数。室内根据中国陆相页岩储层沉积埋藏特征,对埋藏和厚度、生烃能力和储集性能等影响因素进行分析,建立了陆相页岩气储层评价标准,完成页岩气储层单井综合评价。现场选取了延长地区YYP-1井和YYP-2井两口水平井,对该区页岩气进行了综合评价和对比分析,认为延长地区中生界长7段具有很好的页岩气勘探与开发前景。该标准的提出为延长油区陆相页岩气的深入勘探提供了重要参考,同时为国内类似页岩气区块的储层评价研究提供了技术借鉴。
Corresponding evaluation indicators and standards need to be established for shale gas development as an important energy development plan for the country's 13 th Five-Year Plan. However,at present,domestic research work on the characteristics and evaluation of terrestrial shale gas reservoirs is relatively rare. Based on a large number of foreign literatures,the existing reservoir evaluation criteria in North America,China Marine and Terrestrial are referenced,and important parameters to be considered for detailed evaluation are obtained. According to the sedimentary burial characteristics of terrestrial shale reservoirs in China,the evaluation parameters such as burial and thickness,hydrocarbon generation capacity and reservoir performance are analyzed, and the evaluation criteria of terrestrial shale gas reservoirs are established to complete the single well synthesis of shale gas reservoirs. Two horizontal wells,YYP-1 well and YYP-2 well,were selected in the Yanchang oilfield for comprehensive evaluation and comparative analysis of shale gas in this area. It is believed that the Chang 7 section of the Mesozoic group in this area has good shale gas exploration and development prospects. The proposed standard provides an important guiding role for extending the deep exploration of terrestrial shale gas in the oilfield,and gives a technical reference for the reservoir evaluation of similar shale gas blocks in China.
Corresponding evaluation indicators and standards need to be established for shale gas development as an important energy development plan for the country's 13 th Five-Year Plan. However,at present,domestic research work on the characteristics and evaluation of terrestrial shale gas reservoirs is relatively rare. Based on a large number of foreign literatures,the existing reservoir evaluation criteria in North America,China Marine and Terrestrial are referenced,and important parameters to be considered for detailed evaluation are obtained. According to the sedimentary burial characteristics of terrestrial shale reservoirs in China,the evaluation parameters such as burial and thickness,hydrocarbon generation capacity and reservoir performance are analyzed, and the evaluation criteria of terrestrial shale gas reservoirs are established to complete the single well synthesis of shale gas reservoirs. Two horizontal wells,YYP-1 well and YYP-2 well,were selected in the Yanchang oilfield for comprehensive evaluation and comparative analysis of shale gas in this area. It is believed that the Chang 7 section of the Mesozoic group in this area has good shale gas exploration and development prospects. The proposed standard provides an important guiding role for extending the deep exploration of terrestrial shale gas in the oilfield,and gives a technical reference for the reservoir evaluation of similar shale gas blocks in China.
引文
[1]罗鹏,吉利明.陆相页岩气储层特征与潜力评价[J].天然气地球科学,2013,24(5):1060-1068.Luo Peng,Ji Liming. Reservoir Characteristics and Potential Evaluation of Continental Shale Gas[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience,2013,24(5):1060-1068.
[2]王香增,张金川,曹金舟,等.陆相页岩气资源评价初探:以延长直罗—下寺湾区中生界长7段为例[J].地学前缘,2012,19(2):192-197.Wang Xiangzeng,Zhang Jinchuan,Cao Jinzhou,et al. A Preliminary Discussion on Evaluation of Continental Shale Gas Resources:A Case Study of Chang 7 of Mesozoic Yanchang Formation in Zhiluo-Xiasiwan Area of Yanchang[J]. Earth Science Frontiers,2012,19(2):192-197.
[3]王香增,高胜利,高潮.鄂尔多斯盆地南部中生界陆相页岩气地质特征[J].石油勘探与开发,2014,41(3):294-304.Wang Xiangzeng, Gao Shengli, Gao Chao. Geological Features of Mesozoic Continental Shale Gas in South of Ordos Basin, NW China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development,2014,41(3):294-304.
[4]李建青,高玉巧,花彩霞,等.北美页岩气勘探经验对建立中国南方海相页岩气选区评价体系的启示[J].油气地质与采收率,2014,21(4):23-27.Li Jianqing,Gao Yuqiao,Hua Caixia,et al. Marine Shale Gas Evaluation System of Regional Selection in South China:Enlightenment from North American Exploration Experience[J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2014,21(4):23-27.
[5]吕晓光,吴文旷,李国强,等.北美页岩气开发的关键技术[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2015,34(4):158-162.Lv Xiaoguang, Wu Wenkuang, Li Guoqiang, et al. Key Techniques for the Shale Gas Development in North America[J]. Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2015,34(4):158-162.
[6]胡昌蓬,徐大喜.页岩气储层评价因素研究[J].天然气与石油,2012,30(5):38-42.Hu Changpeng,Xu Daxi. Study on Shale Reservoir Evaluation Factors[J]. Natural Gas and Oil,2012,30(5):38-42.
[7]周文,王浩,谢润成,等.中上扬子地区下古生界海相页岩气储层特征及勘探潜力[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2013,40(5):569-573.Zhou Wen,Wang Hao,Xie Runcheng,et al. Characteristics and Exploration Potential of Lower Paleozoic Marine Shale Gas Reservoir in Middle-Upper Yangtze Area,China[J]. Journal of Chengdu University of Technology:Science and Technology Edition,2013,40(5):569-573.
[8]马永生,楼章华,郭彤楼,等.中国南方海相地层油气保存条件综合评价技术体系探讨[J].地质学报,2006,80(3):406-417.Ma Yongsheng, Lou Zhanghua, Guo Tonglou, et al. An Exploration on a Technological System of Petroleum Preservation Evaluation for Marine Strata in South China[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2006,80(3):406-417.
[9]张水昌,梁狄刚,张大江.关于古生界烃源岩有机质丰度的评价标准[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,29(2):8-12.Zhang Shuichang,Liang Digang,Zhang Dajiang. Evaluation Criteria for Paleozoic Effective Hydrocarbon Source Rocks[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development,2002,29(2):8-12.
[10]姜呈馥,程玉群,范柏江,等.陆相页岩气的地质研究进展及亟待解决的问题——以延长探区上三叠统延长组长7段页岩为例[J].天然气工业,2014,34(2):27-33.Jiang Chengfu,Cheng Yuqun,Fan Bojiang,et al. Progress in and Challenges to Geologic Research of Terrestrial Shale in China:A Case Study from the 7 th Member of the Upper Triassic Yanchang Fm in the Yanchang Exploration Block,Ordos Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry,2014,34(2):27-33.
[11]陈冬霞,谢明贤,张晓鹏,等.川西坳陷须五段陆相页岩气聚集条件分析[J].长江大学学报:自然科学版,2013,10(26):5-7.Chen Dongxia,Xie Mingxian,Zhang Xiaopeng,et al. Shale Gas Accumulation Conditions and Its Exploration and Development Prospects of the 5thMember of the Xujiahe Formation of Upper Triassic in Western Sichuan Depression[J]. Journal of Yangtze University:Natural Science Edition,2013,10(26):5-7.
[12]雷宇,王凤琴,刘红军,等.鄂尔多斯盆地中生界页岩气成藏地质条件[J].天然气与石油,2011,29(6):49-54.Lei Yu,Wang Fengqin,Liu Hongjun,et al. Geological Conditions for Shale Gas Accumulation in Ordos Basin Mesozoic[J]. Natural Gas and Oil,2011,29(6):49-54.
[13]曾秋楠.陆相页岩气储层评价标准探讨——以延长组富有机质页岩为例[C]//孟宪来.中国地质学会2013年学术年会论文集.北京:石油工业出版社,2013:555-559.Zeng Qiunan. Discussion on Evaluation Criteria of Continental Shale Gas Reservoirs:Taking the Yanchang Group of Organic-Rich Shale as an Example[C]//Meng Xianlai. Proceedings of 2013 Geological Society of China’s Academic Annual Meeting. Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2013:555-559.
[14]李昌伟.中国陆相与北美海相页岩气成藏条件对比及评价体系探讨[C]//陈颙.2014年中国地球科学联合学术年会论文集.北京:地质出版社,2014:615-619.Li Changwei. Contrast and Evaluation System of Marine Shale Gas Accumulation Conditions Between China’s Continental and North American Seas[C]//Chen Yong. Proceedings of2014 China Earth Science Joint Academic Annual Meeting.Beijing:Geological Press,2014:615-619.
[15]王伟明,邓海,卢双舫,等.断陷盆地单层暗色泥岩厚度与优质烃源岩的关系及其对成藏的控制——以海拉尔盆地为例[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2012,42(6):1610-1616.Wang Weiming, Deng Hai, Lu Shuangfang, et al.Relationship Between Single Dark Mudstone and HighQuality Hydrocarbon Source Rocks and Its Control on Accumulation in Fault Subsidence Basin:Taking Hailaer Basin as an Example[J]. Journal of Jilin University:Earth Science Edition,2012,42(6):1610-1616.
[16]王永诗,王伟庆,郝运轻.济阳坳陷沾化凹陷罗家地区古近系沙河街组页岩储集特征分析[J].古地理学报,2013,15(5):657-662.Wang Yongshi, Wang Weiqing, Hao Yunqing. Shale Reservoir Characteristics Analysis of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation in Luojia Area of Zhanhua Sag,Jiyang Depression[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography,2013,15(5):657-662.
[17]宋国奇,张林晔,卢双舫,等.页岩油资源评价技术方法及其应用[J].地学前缘,2013,20(4):221-228.Song Guoqi,Zhang Linye,Lu Shuangfang,et al. Resource Evaluation Method for Shale Oil and Its Application[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2013,20(4):221-228.
[18]袁俊亮,邓金根,张定宇,等.页岩气储层可压裂性评价技术[J].石油学报,2013,34(3):523-527.Yuan Junliang, Deng Jingen, Zhang Dingyu, et al.Fracability Evaluation of Shale-Gas Reservoirs[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2013,34(3):523-527.
[19]林腊梅,张金川,唐玄,等.中国陆相页岩气的形成条件[J].天然气工业,2013,33(1):35-40.Lin Lamei,Zhang Jinchuan,Tang Xuan,et al. Conditions of Continental Shale Gas Accumulation in China[J]. Natural Gas Industry,2013,33(1):35-40.
[20]王香增.延长石油陆相页岩气地质条件及勘探开发前景[C]//孟宪来.中国地质学会2013年学术年会论文集.北京:石油工业出版社,2013:148-162.Wang Xiangzeng. Terrestrial Shale Gas Geological Conditions and Exploration and Development Prospects in Yanchang Petroleum[C]//Meng Xianlai. Proceedings of 2013Geological Society of China’s Academic Annual Meeting.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2013:148-162.
[21]董谦,刘小平,李武广,等.关于页岩含气量确定方法的探讨[J].天然气与石油,2012,30(5):34-37.Dong Qian,Liu Xiaoping,Li Wuguang,et al. Determination of Gas Content in Shale[J]. Natural Gas and Oil,2012,30(5):34-37.
[2]王香增,张金川,曹金舟,等.陆相页岩气资源评价初探:以延长直罗—下寺湾区中生界长7段为例[J].地学前缘,2012,19(2):192-197.Wang Xiangzeng,Zhang Jinchuan,Cao Jinzhou,et al. A Preliminary Discussion on Evaluation of Continental Shale Gas Resources:A Case Study of Chang 7 of Mesozoic Yanchang Formation in Zhiluo-Xiasiwan Area of Yanchang[J]. Earth Science Frontiers,2012,19(2):192-197.
[3]王香增,高胜利,高潮.鄂尔多斯盆地南部中生界陆相页岩气地质特征[J].石油勘探与开发,2014,41(3):294-304.Wang Xiangzeng, Gao Shengli, Gao Chao. Geological Features of Mesozoic Continental Shale Gas in South of Ordos Basin, NW China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development,2014,41(3):294-304.
[4]李建青,高玉巧,花彩霞,等.北美页岩气勘探经验对建立中国南方海相页岩气选区评价体系的启示[J].油气地质与采收率,2014,21(4):23-27.Li Jianqing,Gao Yuqiao,Hua Caixia,et al. Marine Shale Gas Evaluation System of Regional Selection in South China:Enlightenment from North American Exploration Experience[J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2014,21(4):23-27.
[5]吕晓光,吴文旷,李国强,等.北美页岩气开发的关键技术[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2015,34(4):158-162.Lv Xiaoguang, Wu Wenkuang, Li Guoqiang, et al. Key Techniques for the Shale Gas Development in North America[J]. Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2015,34(4):158-162.
[6]胡昌蓬,徐大喜.页岩气储层评价因素研究[J].天然气与石油,2012,30(5):38-42.Hu Changpeng,Xu Daxi. Study on Shale Reservoir Evaluation Factors[J]. Natural Gas and Oil,2012,30(5):38-42.
[7]周文,王浩,谢润成,等.中上扬子地区下古生界海相页岩气储层特征及勘探潜力[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2013,40(5):569-573.Zhou Wen,Wang Hao,Xie Runcheng,et al. Characteristics and Exploration Potential of Lower Paleozoic Marine Shale Gas Reservoir in Middle-Upper Yangtze Area,China[J]. Journal of Chengdu University of Technology:Science and Technology Edition,2013,40(5):569-573.
[8]马永生,楼章华,郭彤楼,等.中国南方海相地层油气保存条件综合评价技术体系探讨[J].地质学报,2006,80(3):406-417.Ma Yongsheng, Lou Zhanghua, Guo Tonglou, et al. An Exploration on a Technological System of Petroleum Preservation Evaluation for Marine Strata in South China[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2006,80(3):406-417.
[9]张水昌,梁狄刚,张大江.关于古生界烃源岩有机质丰度的评价标准[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,29(2):8-12.Zhang Shuichang,Liang Digang,Zhang Dajiang. Evaluation Criteria for Paleozoic Effective Hydrocarbon Source Rocks[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development,2002,29(2):8-12.
[10]姜呈馥,程玉群,范柏江,等.陆相页岩气的地质研究进展及亟待解决的问题——以延长探区上三叠统延长组长7段页岩为例[J].天然气工业,2014,34(2):27-33.Jiang Chengfu,Cheng Yuqun,Fan Bojiang,et al. Progress in and Challenges to Geologic Research of Terrestrial Shale in China:A Case Study from the 7 th Member of the Upper Triassic Yanchang Fm in the Yanchang Exploration Block,Ordos Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry,2014,34(2):27-33.
[11]陈冬霞,谢明贤,张晓鹏,等.川西坳陷须五段陆相页岩气聚集条件分析[J].长江大学学报:自然科学版,2013,10(26):5-7.Chen Dongxia,Xie Mingxian,Zhang Xiaopeng,et al. Shale Gas Accumulation Conditions and Its Exploration and Development Prospects of the 5thMember of the Xujiahe Formation of Upper Triassic in Western Sichuan Depression[J]. Journal of Yangtze University:Natural Science Edition,2013,10(26):5-7.
[12]雷宇,王凤琴,刘红军,等.鄂尔多斯盆地中生界页岩气成藏地质条件[J].天然气与石油,2011,29(6):49-54.Lei Yu,Wang Fengqin,Liu Hongjun,et al. Geological Conditions for Shale Gas Accumulation in Ordos Basin Mesozoic[J]. Natural Gas and Oil,2011,29(6):49-54.
[13]曾秋楠.陆相页岩气储层评价标准探讨——以延长组富有机质页岩为例[C]//孟宪来.中国地质学会2013年学术年会论文集.北京:石油工业出版社,2013:555-559.Zeng Qiunan. Discussion on Evaluation Criteria of Continental Shale Gas Reservoirs:Taking the Yanchang Group of Organic-Rich Shale as an Example[C]//Meng Xianlai. Proceedings of 2013 Geological Society of China’s Academic Annual Meeting. Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2013:555-559.
[14]李昌伟.中国陆相与北美海相页岩气成藏条件对比及评价体系探讨[C]//陈颙.2014年中国地球科学联合学术年会论文集.北京:地质出版社,2014:615-619.Li Changwei. Contrast and Evaluation System of Marine Shale Gas Accumulation Conditions Between China’s Continental and North American Seas[C]//Chen Yong. Proceedings of2014 China Earth Science Joint Academic Annual Meeting.Beijing:Geological Press,2014:615-619.
[15]王伟明,邓海,卢双舫,等.断陷盆地单层暗色泥岩厚度与优质烃源岩的关系及其对成藏的控制——以海拉尔盆地为例[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2012,42(6):1610-1616.Wang Weiming, Deng Hai, Lu Shuangfang, et al.Relationship Between Single Dark Mudstone and HighQuality Hydrocarbon Source Rocks and Its Control on Accumulation in Fault Subsidence Basin:Taking Hailaer Basin as an Example[J]. Journal of Jilin University:Earth Science Edition,2012,42(6):1610-1616.
[16]王永诗,王伟庆,郝运轻.济阳坳陷沾化凹陷罗家地区古近系沙河街组页岩储集特征分析[J].古地理学报,2013,15(5):657-662.Wang Yongshi, Wang Weiqing, Hao Yunqing. Shale Reservoir Characteristics Analysis of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation in Luojia Area of Zhanhua Sag,Jiyang Depression[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography,2013,15(5):657-662.
[17]宋国奇,张林晔,卢双舫,等.页岩油资源评价技术方法及其应用[J].地学前缘,2013,20(4):221-228.Song Guoqi,Zhang Linye,Lu Shuangfang,et al. Resource Evaluation Method for Shale Oil and Its Application[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2013,20(4):221-228.
[18]袁俊亮,邓金根,张定宇,等.页岩气储层可压裂性评价技术[J].石油学报,2013,34(3):523-527.Yuan Junliang, Deng Jingen, Zhang Dingyu, et al.Fracability Evaluation of Shale-Gas Reservoirs[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2013,34(3):523-527.
[19]林腊梅,张金川,唐玄,等.中国陆相页岩气的形成条件[J].天然气工业,2013,33(1):35-40.Lin Lamei,Zhang Jinchuan,Tang Xuan,et al. Conditions of Continental Shale Gas Accumulation in China[J]. Natural Gas Industry,2013,33(1):35-40.
[20]王香增.延长石油陆相页岩气地质条件及勘探开发前景[C]//孟宪来.中国地质学会2013年学术年会论文集.北京:石油工业出版社,2013:148-162.Wang Xiangzeng. Terrestrial Shale Gas Geological Conditions and Exploration and Development Prospects in Yanchang Petroleum[C]//Meng Xianlai. Proceedings of 2013Geological Society of China’s Academic Annual Meeting.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2013:148-162.
[21]董谦,刘小平,李武广,等.关于页岩含气量确定方法的探讨[J].天然气与石油,2012,30(5):34-37.Dong Qian,Liu Xiaoping,Li Wuguang,et al. Determination of Gas Content in Shale[J]. Natural Gas and Oil,2012,30(5):34-37.