浅析纯电动二手车与燃油二手车鉴定评估的区别与联系
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摘要
文章通过对纯电动二手车和燃油二手车评估标准、鉴定评估作业流程分析,提出了纯电动二手车与燃油二手车评估标准、鉴定评估作业流程是一致。通过对鉴定车辆技术状况步骤的分析比较,提出燃油二手车可以完整的检查并评定分值评定车辆技术状况等级,纯电动二手机虽在车身、驾驶舱、启动、路试、底盘等检查项目可以评定分值,但因无电池组、电机、电控各部分项目分值评定标准而无法完整评定分值和技术状况等级。通过对评估车辆价值方法对比,提出燃油二手车选用现行市价法,纯电动二手车选用重置成本法,纯电动二手车的无形磨损、有形磨损远大于燃油二手车,因此相同行驶里程相同技术状况等级纯电动二手车价格比燃油二手车低;通过对检测标准的分析,燃油二手车检测标准和评分标准比较完善,纯电动二手有检测标准和评分标准,但评分标准不完善;纯电动二手车与燃油二手车鉴定评估适用的管理办法相同,二手车鉴定评估师适用的《二手车鉴定评估师国家职业标准》相同,从汽车结构与理论基础知识纯电动二手车鉴定评估师与燃油二手车鉴定评估师存在区别。
Through the analysis of the evaluation standard and appraisal operation flow of the Used BEV and the fuel used auto, this paper puts forward that the evaluation standard and appraisal operation flow of the Used BEV and the fuel used auto are consistent. Through the analysis and comparison of the steps of identifying the technical conditions of vehicles, it is proposed that the fuel used vehicle can be checked and evaluated comprehensively, and the grading of vehicle technical conditions should be assessed. Although the Used BEV can be scored in the inspection items such as car body, cockpit, start-up, road test and chassis, it is impossible to fully assess the score and technical condition grade because there is no evaluation standard for the scores of battery pack, motor and electronic control parts. By comparing the method of evaluating vehicle value, it is proposed that the current market price method should be adopted for the fuel used vehicle, and the replacement cost method should be adopted for the Used BEV. The invisible wear and tangible wear of the Used BEV are far greater than those of the Fuel used vehicle, so the price of the Used BEV with the same range of mileage of the same technical condition is lower than that of the Fuel used vehicle. Through the analysis of the test standard, the test standard and grading standard of the fuel used vehicle are perfect. The Used BEV has the test standard and the scoring standard, but the scoring standard is not perfect. The Used BEV and the fuel used vehicle appraisal and evaluation application of the same management method, used car appraisal appraiser applicable "second-hand car appraiser national professional standards" the same, From the basic knowledge of vehicle structure and theory, there is a difference between The Used BEV appraiser and the fuel used vehicle appraiser.
Through the analysis of the evaluation standard and appraisal operation flow of the Used BEV and the fuel used auto, this paper puts forward that the evaluation standard and appraisal operation flow of the Used BEV and the fuel used auto are consistent. Through the analysis and comparison of the steps of identifying the technical conditions of vehicles, it is proposed that the fuel used vehicle can be checked and evaluated comprehensively, and the grading of vehicle technical conditions should be assessed. Although the Used BEV can be scored in the inspection items such as car body, cockpit, start-up, road test and chassis, it is impossible to fully assess the score and technical condition grade because there is no evaluation standard for the scores of battery pack, motor and electronic control parts. By comparing the method of evaluating vehicle value, it is proposed that the current market price method should be adopted for the fuel used vehicle, and the replacement cost method should be adopted for the Used BEV. The invisible wear and tangible wear of the Used BEV are far greater than those of the Fuel used vehicle, so the price of the Used BEV with the same range of mileage of the same technical condition is lower than that of the Fuel used vehicle. Through the analysis of the test standard, the test standard and grading standard of the fuel used vehicle are perfect. The Used BEV has the test standard and the scoring standard, but the scoring standard is not perfect. The Used BEV and the fuel used vehicle appraisal and evaluation application of the same management method, used car appraisal appraiser applicable "second-hand car appraiser national professional standards" the same, From the basic knowledge of vehicle structure and theory, there is a difference between The Used BEV appraiser and the fuel used vehicle appraiser.
引文
[1]国家质量监督检验检疫总局,国家标准化管理委员会.二手车鉴定评估技术规范(GB/T30323-2013)[S],北京,2012.
[2]国家质量监督检验检疫总局,国家标准化管理委员会.在用电动汽车安全行驶性能台架检验方法(GB/T 35179-2017)[S],北京,2017.
[3]杨宏进.汽车运用基础[M],北京:人民交通出版社,2012.141-141.
[4]国商务部.二手车流通管理办法[S],北京,2017.
[5]劳动和社会保障部.二手车鉴定评估师国家职业标准[S],北京,20172007.
[2]国家质量监督检验检疫总局,国家标准化管理委员会.在用电动汽车安全行驶性能台架检验方法(GB/T 35179-2017)[S],北京,2017.
[3]杨宏进.汽车运用基础[M],北京:人民交通出版社,2012.141-141.
[4]国商务部.二手车流通管理办法[S],北京,2017.
[5]劳动和社会保障部.二手车鉴定评估师国家职业标准[S],北京,20172007.