基于TDFT非同步采样谐波测量的小电流接地故障信号处理方法
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摘要
为解决10 kV配网线路高阻故障较多、间歇性接地故障较多、电弧不稳定、配电网网架结构复杂、分支线复杂、负荷随机分布等现象造成的配电网系统接地故障判别、选线、定位监测困难,采用基于TDFT非同步采样谐波测量算法的小电流接地判定算法进行故障判断、定位和隔离接地故障。站所终端DTU在硬件上采用ADSP-BF607作为主处理芯片,其具备DSP和ARM双处理架构,具有处理故障数据速度快、精度高、录波性能好等优势。基于TDFT非同步采样谐波测量算法,得出首半波小电流接地判定方法。为有效判断开关合闸瞬间的涌流,DTU采用离散傅立叶变换结果,通过加权算法变换实现抑制频谱泄漏误差。对传统算法、加窗算法和TDFT非同步采样谐波测量算法进行了比较分析。实验结果表明,基于TDFT非同步采样谐波测量的涌流和小电流接地故障算法设计在10 kV配网系统的小电流接地、隔离接地故障方面准确可靠。
In order to solve the difficulties in identifying, selecting and locating grounding faults caused by the phenomena of high resistance faults, intermittent grounding faults, arc instability, complex structure of distribution network, complex branch lines and random load distribution, the non-synchronous sampling harmonic measurement algorithm based on TDFT is adopted. The algorithm of current grounding judgement is used to distinguish, locate, and isolate grounding faults. The terminal DTU of station adopts ADSP-BF607 as the main processing chip in hardware. It has dual processing architecture of DSP and ARM, and owns the advantages of fast processing fault data, high accuracy and good recording performance. Based on the TDFT non synchronous sampling harmonic measurement algorithm, the first half wave small current grounding decision method is obtained. In order to effectively judge the inrush current at the moment of switch closing, the DTU adopts the results of Discrete Fourier Transform(DFT) and restrains the spectrum leakage error by weighted algorithm transformation. The traditional algorithm, windowing algorithm and TDFT asynchronous sampling harmonic measurement algorithm are compared and analyzed. The experimental results show that the design of inrush current and small current grounding fault algorithm based on TDFT asynchronous sampling harmonic measurement is accurate and reliable in the aspects of small current grounding and isolation grounding fault of 10 kV distribution network system.
In order to solve the difficulties in identifying, selecting and locating grounding faults caused by the phenomena of high resistance faults, intermittent grounding faults, arc instability, complex structure of distribution network, complex branch lines and random load distribution, the non-synchronous sampling harmonic measurement algorithm based on TDFT is adopted. The algorithm of current grounding judgement is used to distinguish, locate, and isolate grounding faults. The terminal DTU of station adopts ADSP-BF607 as the main processing chip in hardware. It has dual processing architecture of DSP and ARM, and owns the advantages of fast processing fault data, high accuracy and good recording performance. Based on the TDFT non synchronous sampling harmonic measurement algorithm, the first half wave small current grounding decision method is obtained. In order to effectively judge the inrush current at the moment of switch closing, the DTU adopts the results of Discrete Fourier Transform(DFT) and restrains the spectrum leakage error by weighted algorithm transformation. The traditional algorithm, windowing algorithm and TDFT asynchronous sampling harmonic measurement algorithm are compared and analyzed. The experimental results show that the design of inrush current and small current grounding fault algorithm based on TDFT asynchronous sampling harmonic measurement is accurate and reliable in the aspects of small current grounding and isolation grounding fault of 10 kV distribution network system.
引文
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[19]李会新,王兴国,谢俊,等.一种基于虚拟电流制动量的电流差动保护[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(9):75-79.LI Huixin,WANG Xingguo,XIE Jun,et al.Atransmission line current differential protection based on virtual brake current[J].Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(9):75-79.
[20]齐郑,高玉华,孙海新,等.基于电压-时间型重合器的配电网单相接地故障自动隔离技术研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2010,38(1):32-36.QI Zheng,GAO Yuhua,SUN Haixin,et al.Research on automatic isolation technology of single-phase grounding fault in distribution network based on voltage time reclose[J].Power System Protection and Control,2010,38(1):32-36.
[21]唐永红,郑晓雨,马进.基于RTDS的负荷模型验证及分类研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2010,38(1):37-41.TANG Yonghong,ZHENG Xiaoyu,MA Jin.Verification and classification of load models based on RTDS[J].Power System Protection and Control,2010,38(1):37-41.
[22]李鹏,钟著辉,陈力,等.具备故障定位功能防反充电PT并列装置的研制[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(1):117-121.LI Peng,ZHONG Zhuhui,CHEN Li,et al.Development of a PT parallel device with fault location function used to prevent reverse charge[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(1):117-121.
[2]RAJARAMAN P,SUNDARAVARADAN N A,MALLIKARJUNA B,et al.Robust fault analysis in transmission lines using synchrophasor measurements[J].Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems,2018,3(3):108-110.DOI:10.1186/s41601-018-0082-4.
[3]周俊,王小海,祈才君.基于Blackman窗函数的插值FFT在电网谐波信号分析中的应用[J].浙江大学学报(理学版),2006,33(6):650-653.ZHOU Jun,WANG Xiaohai,QI Caijun.Estimation of electrical harmonic parameters by using the interpolated FFT algorithm based on Blackman window[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Science Edition),2006,33(6):650-653.
[4]许珉,张鸿博.基于Blackman-harris窗的加窗FFT插值修正算法[J].郑州大学学报(工学版),2005,26(4):99-101.XU Min,ZHANG Hongbo.The correction algorithm based on the Blackman-harris windows and interpolated FFT[J].Journal of Zhengzhou University(Engineering Science),2005,26(4):99-101.
[5]曾博,唐求,卿柏元,等.基于Nuttall自卷积窗的改进FFT谱分析方法[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(7):59-65.ZENG Bo,TANG Qiu,QING Baiyuan,et al.Spectral analysis method based on improved FFT by Nuttall self-convolution window[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(7):59-65.
[6]翟瑞淼,英超,任国臣,等.基于Nuttall窗的三峰插值谐波算法分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(10):38-43.ZHAI Ruimiao,YING Chao,REN Guochen,et al.An approach for harmonic analysis based on Nuttall window and triple-spectral-line interpolation[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(10):38-43.
[7]汪立,刘翠琳.一种高精度加窗插值FFT谐波分析方法[J].陕西电力,2013,41(5):1-4.WANG Li,LIU Cuilin.An accurate method for interpolated FFT harmonic analysis based on a new window[J].Shaanxi Electric Power,2013,41(5):1-4.
[8]王玲,徐柏榆,盛超,等.一种新的余弦组合窗插值FFT谐波分析算法[J].武汉大学学报(工学版),2014,47(2):250-254.WANG Ling,XU Baiyu,SHENG Chao,et al.An approach for harmonic analysis based on a new type of cosine combination window interpolation FFT[J].Engineering Journal of Wuhan University,2014,47(2):250-254.
[9]徐柏榆,王玲,汪立,等.多项Rife-Vincent窗插值谐波分析方法[J].武汉大学学报(工学版),2014,47(5):636-641.XU Baiyu,WANG Ling,WANG Li,et al.An approach for harmonic analysis based on multi-term Rife-Vincent window interpolation FFT[J].Engineering Journal of Wuhan University,2014,47(5):636-641.
[10]叶景清,邓辉,年俊华,等.基于矩形卷积窗算法的电子式电流互感器在线校验系统[J].电网与清洁能源,2015,31(11):26-30,35.YE Jingqing,DENG Hui,NIAN Junhua,et al.The on-site calibration system for electronic current transformers based on rectangular convolution window algorithm[J].Power System and Clean Energy,2015,31(11):26-30,35.
[11]孙鑫,熊小伏,杨洋.基于故障录波信息的输电线路继电保护内部故障在线检测方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2010,38(3):6-10.SUN Xin,XIONG Xiaofu,YANG Yang.On-line detection of internal faults in transmission line relay protection based on fault recording information[J].Power System Protection and Control,2010,38(3):6-10.
[12]杨俊伟,史旺旺.交流电流直接控制的单相PWM整流器非线性控制策略[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(20):114-118.YANG Junwei,SHI Wangwang.Nonlinear control strategy for direct AC current control in single-phase PWMrectifier[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(20):114-118.
[13]曹晖,袁世英,易珺,等.准同步采样法在配电综合测控仪中的应用[J].继电器,2005,33(17):45-48.CAO Hui,YUAN Shiying,YI Jun,et al.Quasi-simultaneous sampling method in the distribution of the application of integrated monitor[J].Relay,2005,33(17):45-48.
[14]冷华,童莹,李欣然,等.配电网运行状态综合评估方法研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(1):53-59.LENG Hua,TONG Ying,LI Xinran,et al.Comprehensive evaluation method research of the operation state in distributed network[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(1):53-59.
[15]齐郑,乔丰,黄哲洙,等.基于暂态分量遗传算法的小电流接地故障定位方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(1):34-39.QI Zheng,QIAO Feng,HUANG Zhezhu,et al.Genetic algorithm fault location based on transient component for neutral point non-effective grounding system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(1):34-39.
[16]郑涛,潘玉美,郭昆亚,等.基于免疫算法的配电网故障定位方法研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(1):77-83.ZHENG Tao,PAN Yumei,GUO Kunya,et al.Fault location of distribution network based on immune algorithm[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(1):77-83.
[17]朱国防,高厚磊,徐丙垠,等.配电网电源侧故障下大范围负荷转移优化策略及实现方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(5):73-77.ZHU Guofang,GAO Houlei,XU Bingyin,et al.Wide range of load transfer optimization strategy and its implementation method for the busbar voltage loss in distribution network[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(5):73-77.
[18]ZHANG Junmin,LIU Kaipei,WANG Li,et al.A rapid algorithm for harmonic analysis based on four-spectrumline interpolation FFT[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(1):139-145.
[19]李会新,王兴国,谢俊,等.一种基于虚拟电流制动量的电流差动保护[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(9):75-79.LI Huixin,WANG Xingguo,XIE Jun,et al.Atransmission line current differential protection based on virtual brake current[J].Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(9):75-79.
[20]齐郑,高玉华,孙海新,等.基于电压-时间型重合器的配电网单相接地故障自动隔离技术研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2010,38(1):32-36.QI Zheng,GAO Yuhua,SUN Haixin,et al.Research on automatic isolation technology of single-phase grounding fault in distribution network based on voltage time reclose[J].Power System Protection and Control,2010,38(1):32-36.
[21]唐永红,郑晓雨,马进.基于RTDS的负荷模型验证及分类研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2010,38(1):37-41.TANG Yonghong,ZHENG Xiaoyu,MA Jin.Verification and classification of load models based on RTDS[J].Power System Protection and Control,2010,38(1):37-41.
[22]李鹏,钟著辉,陈力,等.具备故障定位功能防反充电PT并列装置的研制[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(1):117-121.LI Peng,ZHONG Zhuhui,CHEN Li,et al.Development of a PT parallel device with fault location function used to prevent reverse charge[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(1):117-121.