西部城镇家庭能源消费及其碳排放的区域特征研究——基于中国家庭追踪调查的调研数据
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摘要
基于2014年中国家庭追踪调查的调研数据,对比分析西部地区与其他地区城镇家庭能源消费及其碳排放水平。结果发现:(1)西部城镇家庭直接能源消费、间接能源消费及其碳排放均低于全国平均水平,且与东部、中部地区有较大差距;(2)西部城镇家庭间接能源消费及其碳排放结构方面,食品烟酒与居住消费产生的能耗及其碳排放显著高于其他类别,居住与交通通信类别消费对应的能耗及其碳排放占比高于其它地区;(3)西部城镇户均间接碳排放与家庭经济状况的区域特征与东、中部地区相似,但不同消费项目的影响因素有所差异,具体包括城市化率、家庭收入、家庭规模、家庭结构、户均年龄及家庭成员学历等。西部地区应针对城镇家庭碳排放特征及影响因素制定有效措施,引导居民合理消费,促使能源消费与经济发展进程协调一致。
Based on the data of China Family Panel Studies(CFPS) of 2014,the energy consumption and carbon emission of urban households in western China were compared with other regions. The results show that:(1) The carbon emissions of western urban households were both lower than the national average,and there was a large gap between the eastern and central regions.(2) As for the indirect energy consumption and carbon emission structure,the energy consumption and carbon emissions of foods and residential consumption were significantly higher than those of other categories,and the proportion of energy consumption and carbon emissions corresponding to residential and transportation communication consumption were higher than that of other regions.(3) The regional characteristics of indirect carbon emissions were similar to those of the family economic situation. The influencing factors of different kind consumption items were different,including urbanization rate,household income,family size,family structure,household age and the education background of family members etc. In order to match the energy growth patterns with the economic development process,western China should formulate effective measures to meet the household carbon emission characteristics and influencing factors to guide residents adopting the rational consumption behaviors.
Based on the data of China Family Panel Studies(CFPS) of 2014,the energy consumption and carbon emission of urban households in western China were compared with other regions. The results show that:(1) The carbon emissions of western urban households were both lower than the national average,and there was a large gap between the eastern and central regions.(2) As for the indirect energy consumption and carbon emission structure,the energy consumption and carbon emissions of foods and residential consumption were significantly higher than those of other categories,and the proportion of energy consumption and carbon emissions corresponding to residential and transportation communication consumption were higher than that of other regions.(3) The regional characteristics of indirect carbon emissions were similar to those of the family economic situation. The influencing factors of different kind consumption items were different,including urbanization rate,household income,family size,family structure,household age and the education background of family members etc. In order to match the energy growth patterns with the economic development process,western China should formulate effective measures to meet the household carbon emission characteristics and influencing factors to guide residents adopting the rational consumption behaviors.
引文
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[18]李治,李国平,胡振.西部特大城市低碳发展的现状问题及目标策略研究—以西安市为例[J].干旱区地理,2017,40(2):434-440.
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[22]赵敏,张卫国,俞立中.上海市能源消费碳排放分析[J].环境科学研究,2009,22(8):984-989.
[23]胡振,张卫华,刘加平.建筑能耗控制标准研究—基于社会公平视角[J].建筑经济,2013(9):11-14.
[24]李治,李培,郭菊娥,曾先峰.城市家庭碳排放影响因素与跨城市差异分析[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2013,23(10):87-94.
[25]崔一澜,刘毅,诸葛承祥.城市居民生活能源消费研究进展综述[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2016,26(12):117-124.
[26]南晓莉,舒涛,侯铁珊.我国东、中、西部地区碳排放强度变动及其因素分解研究[J].科技管理研究,2014,34(17):206-210.
[27]马军,巩芳.西部地区碳排放与经济增长的脱钩关系比较研究[J].生态经济,2013(2):51-53,58.
[2]钟章奇,姜磊,何凌云,等.基于消费责任制的碳排放核算及全球环境压力[J].地理学报,2018,73(3):442-459.
[3]Liu N,Ma Z,Kang J. A regional analysis of carbon intensities of electricity generation in China[J]. Energy Economics,2017,67:268-277.
[4]蒋耒文,考斯顿.人口-家庭户对环境的影响:理论模型与实证研究[J].人口研究,2001,25(1):47-55.
[5]肖周燕.我国家庭动态变化对二氧化碳排放的影响分析[J].人口研究,2012,36(1):52-62.
[6]王钦池.家庭规模对中国能源消费和碳排放的影响研究[J].资源科学,2015,37(2):299-307.
[7]冯玲,吝涛,赵千钧.城镇居民生活能耗与碳排放动态特征分析[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2011,21(5):93-100.
[8]王莉,曲建升,刘莉娜,等. 1995-2011年我国城乡居民家庭碳排放的分析与比较[J].干旱区资源与环境,2015,29(5):6-11.
[9]Wang Y,Shi M. CO2Emission induced by urban household consumption in China[J]. Chinese Journal of Population Resources&Environment,2009,7(3):11-19.
[10]The Stationery Office. UK Climate Change Program 2006[R]. London,UK:The Stationery Office,2006.
[11]Dietz T,Gardner G T,Gilligan J,et al. Household actions can provide a behavioral wedge to rapidly reduce US carbon emissions[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2009,106(44):18452-18456.
[12]蒋金荷.中国城镇住宅碳排放强度分析和用能政策反思[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2015,32(6):90-104.
[13]邓吉祥,刘晓,王铮.中国碳排放的区域差异及演变特征分析与因素分解[J].自然资源学报,2014,29(2):189-200.
[14]李艳梅,杨涛.城乡家庭直接能源消费和CO2排放变化的分析与比较[J].资源科学,2013,35(1):115-124.
[15]刘修岩,王利敏,朱淑文.城镇蔓延提高了家庭的居住碳排放水平吗?—来自中国南方城镇面板数据的证据[J].东南大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2016,18(5):101-108,148.
[16]高新才,马丽.西部地区开放型经济的碳排放效应及减排潜力研究[J].西南民族大学学报(人文社会科学版),2015,36(1):112-118.
[17]张雷,黄园淅,李艳梅,程晓凌.中国碳排放区域格局变化与减排途径分析[J].资源科学,2010,32(2):211-217.
[18]李治,李国平,胡振.西部特大城市低碳发展的现状问题及目标策略研究—以西安市为例[J].干旱区地理,2017,40(2):434-440.
[19]查建平,唐方方,傅浩.中国直接生活能源碳排放因素分解模型与实证[J].山西财经大学学报,2010,32(9):9-15.
[20]Wei Y M,Liu L C,Fan Y,et al. The impact of lifestyle on energy use and CO emission:An empirical analysis of China’s residents[J]. Energy Policy,2007,35(1):247-257.
[21]胡初枝,黄贤金,钟太洋,谭丹.中国碳排放特征及其动态演进分析[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2008,18(3):38-42.
[22]赵敏,张卫国,俞立中.上海市能源消费碳排放分析[J].环境科学研究,2009,22(8):984-989.
[23]胡振,张卫华,刘加平.建筑能耗控制标准研究—基于社会公平视角[J].建筑经济,2013(9):11-14.
[24]李治,李培,郭菊娥,曾先峰.城市家庭碳排放影响因素与跨城市差异分析[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2013,23(10):87-94.
[25]崔一澜,刘毅,诸葛承祥.城市居民生活能源消费研究进展综述[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2016,26(12):117-124.
[26]南晓莉,舒涛,侯铁珊.我国东、中、西部地区碳排放强度变动及其因素分解研究[J].科技管理研究,2014,34(17):206-210.
[27]马军,巩芳.西部地区碳排放与经济增长的脱钩关系比较研究[J].生态经济,2013(2):51-53,58.