三峡水库不同调蓄方式对枝城至杨家垴河段冲淤变化的影响
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摘要
三峡水库蓄水后,长江中游枝城-杨家垴河段发生了自上而下的剧烈冲刷。但是三峡水库不同调蓄方式对该河段冲淤变化的影响尚不清楚,而且现有的研究手段都具有一定的局限性。采用二维水沙数学模型,系统而全面地研究了三峡水库不同调蓄方式对于长江中游枝城-杨家垴河段河床冲淤变化的影响。研究发现,在现有的调蓄方式下,河床变形以全局冲刷为主,并且预计10年末河道地形接近冲刷极限地形,河道将基本保持稳定状态;在不同中小洪水调度方式下,河道处于整体冲刷的趋势定性上一致,仅在定量略有差异。
Since the impoundment of Three Gorges Reservoir,the river reach from Zhicheng to Yangjianao have suffered from severe erosion.However,it remains unclear how different operation rules for Three Gorges Reservoir affect the erosion and deposition of this river reach.Employing the two-dimensional depth-averaged model for fluvial processes,the present paper systematically investigates the impacts of distinct operation rules for Three Gorges Reservoir on the river reach from Zhicheng to Yangjianao. The results show that under the current operation rule,the river bed is mainly demonstrated to be eroded. It is also estimated that in the 10 years,the river geomorphology will remain stable as the erosion depth of river bed will be close to its limit depth. Although appreciable discrepancies of bed deformations due to different operation rules can be spotted,the river bed exclusively suffer from erosion.
Since the impoundment of Three Gorges Reservoir,the river reach from Zhicheng to Yangjianao have suffered from severe erosion.However,it remains unclear how different operation rules for Three Gorges Reservoir affect the erosion and deposition of this river reach.Employing the two-dimensional depth-averaged model for fluvial processes,the present paper systematically investigates the impacts of distinct operation rules for Three Gorges Reservoir on the river reach from Zhicheng to Yangjianao. The results show that under the current operation rule,the river bed is mainly demonstrated to be eroded. It is also estimated that in the 10 years,the river geomorphology will remain stable as the erosion depth of river bed will be close to its limit depth. Although appreciable discrepancies of bed deformations due to different operation rules can be spotted,the river bed exclusively suffer from erosion.
引文
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[4]陆永军.荆江重点浅滩现状整治的二维动床数学模型研究-模型的应用[J].水道港口,1997,(1):25-33.
[5]陈义武.河道整治研究-芦家河浅滩河段整治工程泥沙实体模型试验研究[G]∥长江年鉴2005.武汉:长江水利委员会长江年鉴社,2006.
[6]杨丽芳,黄伟,付中敏,等.长江中游枝江-江口河段河床演变与航道整治思路[J].水运工程,2012,10(471):24-29.
[7]李彪,付中敏,潘美元,等.长江中游河段航道整治一期工程效果分析[J].水运工程,2014,7(493):119-123.
[8]刘怀汉,茆长胜,李彪.长江中游枝江-江口河段敏感性试验及整治思路探讨[J].水运工程,2009,11(434):153-158.
[9]李义天,赵明登,曹志芳.河道平面二维水沙数学模型[M].中国水利水电出版社,2001.
[10]韩其为,何明民.三峡水库修建后下游长江冲刷及其对防洪的影响[J].水力发电学报,1995,50(3):34-46.
[11]许全喜,袁昌,伍文俊,等.三峡工程蓄水运用后长江中游河道演变初步研究[J].泥沙研究,2001,(2):38-46.