抑制垃圾焚烧中二英合成的中试研究
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摘要
基于循环流化床垃圾焚烧炉的实际工况,验证碳酸氢钠对约400℃的烟道气中二(口恶)英合成的抑制能力。实验结果表明,循环流化床形式的垃圾焚烧炉烟道气中的二(口恶)英浓度变化较大;在烟道气流量约为25万m~3/h、温度约为400℃工况下,烟道内形成二(口恶)英的抑制率随着碳酸氢钠喷射量的增加而增加,当碳酸氢钠的喷射速率达到1. 1 t/h时,二(口恶)英的抑制率达到约90%;当碳酸氢钠连续喷射时间不低于2 h且喷射量不低于0. 7 t/h,烟道内二(口恶)英的抑制率高于60%。
To inhibit the formation of dioxins in flue gas from the circulating fluidized bed( CFB) used in the waste incineration process,a pilot-scale equipment with NaHCO_3 spraying into the 400℃ flue gas is developed. The experimental results show that the concentration of dioxins in flue gas from CFB varies greatly. The inhibitory effect of NaHCO_3 on the formation of dioxin increases with the increasing flow rate of NaHCO_3 when the flow rate of flue gas is 250 000 m~3·h~(-1) with a temperature of 400℃.The inhibitory effect can approach about 90% if the flow rate of NaHCO_3 reaches at 1 100 kg·h~(-1). Given the requirements of the project,the inhibitory effect on the formation of dioxin exceeds 60% when the duration of NaHCO_3 spraying into the flue gas is not less than 2 hours,with a flow rate not less than 700 kg·h~(-1).
To inhibit the formation of dioxins in flue gas from the circulating fluidized bed( CFB) used in the waste incineration process,a pilot-scale equipment with NaHCO_3 spraying into the 400℃ flue gas is developed. The experimental results show that the concentration of dioxins in flue gas from CFB varies greatly. The inhibitory effect of NaHCO_3 on the formation of dioxin increases with the increasing flow rate of NaHCO_3 when the flow rate of flue gas is 250 000 m~3·h~(-1) with a temperature of 400℃.The inhibitory effect can approach about 90% if the flow rate of NaHCO_3 reaches at 1 100 kg·h~(-1). Given the requirements of the project,the inhibitory effect on the formation of dioxin exceeds 60% when the duration of NaHCO_3 spraying into the flue gas is not less than 2 hours,with a flow rate not less than 700 kg·h~(-1).
引文
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[4]沈伯强,姚强.垃圾焚烧中二英的形成和控制[J].电站系统工程,2002,18(5):8-10.
[5]孙杰,李华娟,周苗苗,等.垃圾焚烧厂周围环境空气中二英浓度及其健康风险评估[J].环境污染与防治,2017,39(3):280-285.
[6]彭争尤,杨小玲.解决我国二英污染问题的进展与策略[J].现代化工,2005,25(7):1-3.
[7]Zubero M B,Aurrekoetxea J J,Ibarluzea J M,et al.Evolution of PC-DD/Fs and dioxin-like PCBs in the general adult population living close to a MSW incinerator[J].Science of the Total Environment,2011,410(411):241-247.
[8]Nadal M,Agramunt M C,Schuhmacher M,et al.PCDD/PCDF congener profiles in soil and herbage samples collected in the vicinity of a municipal waste incinerator before and after pronounced reductions of PCDD/PCDF emissions from the facility[J].Chemosphere,2002,49(2):153-159.
[9]周莉菊,冯家满,赵由才.二恶英的毒性及环境来源[J].工业安全与环保,2006,32(11):49-51.
[10]Quina Margarida J,Bordado Joao C,Quinta-Ferreira Rosa M,et al.Treatment and use of air pollution control residues from MSW incineration:An overview[J].Waste Management,2007,28(11):2097-2121.
[11]曹青,吕永康,鲍卫仁.抑制焚烧衍生垃圾燃料过程中产生二英的途径[J].现代化工,2006,26(11):67-69.
[12]Yoana Fernandez Pulido,Ernesto Suarez,Ramon Lopez,et al.The role of CuCl on the mechanism of dibenzo-p-dioxin formation from ploy-chlorophenol precursors:A computational study[J].Chemosphere,2016,145:77-82.
[13]Pajda A,Walawska B,Szymanek A.The effect of structure modification of sodium compounds on the SO2and HCl removal efficiency from fumes in the conditions of circulating fluidised bed[J].Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Quarterly,2017,31(3):261-273.
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[15]中华人民共和国环境保护部.HJ 77.2-2008.环境空气和废气二英类的测定同位素稀释高分辨气相色谱-高分辨质谱法[S].
[16]吴海龙,林晓青,严密,等.基于硫基循环抑制技术的危险废物焚烧炉二英排放的控制[J].化工学报,2014,65(11):4593-4598.