玫瑰不同品种花瓣挥发性成分分析
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摘要
以同一栽培条件下的5个玫瑰品种盛开期的花瓣为材料,采用顶空固相微萃取(HS–SPME)和气相色谱—质谱联用(GC–MS)技术,定性并定量分析了不同玫瑰的挥发性成分组成及其含量差异。共检测到49种挥发性成分,包括醇类、酯类、醛类、萜烯、酚类、酮类、烷烃、酸类和醚类共9大类。其中,苯乙醇、香茅醇、橙花醇、香叶醇及其乙酸酯类化合物相对含量较高,且在主成分分析中对第一、第二主成分贡献较大,是主要挥发性成分。不同玫瑰品种的主要挥发性成分释放量存在显著差异,其中丰花玫瑰花瓣中香茅醇、香茅醛、乙酸香茅酯的释放量显著高于其他4个品种;单瓣白玫瑰和重瓣红玫瑰中橙花醇、香叶醇、橙花醛、香叶醛,以及β–蒎烯和顺式β–罗勒烯的释放量均显著高于其他品种。聚类分析将5种玫瑰聚为两组,一组为紫枝玫瑰和日本四季玫瑰,另一组为重瓣红玫瑰、单瓣白玫瑰和丰花玫瑰。
The petal volatile components and their contents among five varieties of Rosa rugosa Thunb. were assayed qualitatively and quantitatively by using Head Solid-phase Micro-extraction(HS–SPME)and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry(GC–MS). The compositions and relative contents were analyzed. Forty-nine volatile compounds were detected,including alcohols,esters,aldehydes,terpenes,phenols,ketones,alkanes,acids and ethers. The main volatile components including phenylethyl alcohol,citronellol,nerol,geraniol and their acetate esters were contributed to the first and second principal components in the principal component analysis. The releasing amounts(RA)of the major aromatic components were significantly different among the varieties. There were significantly higher RA of citronellol,citronellal,and citronellol acetate in R. rugosa‘Fenghua'than the other 4 varieties.Moreover,the higher RA of geraniol,geranial,nerol,neral,cis-β-ocimene and β-pinene were observed in the R. rugosa f. alba and R. rugosa f. plena than the other varieties. Five Rosa rugosa were clustered into two groups by clustering analysis. Among the first group,there were R. rugosa‘Zizhi'and R. rugosa from Japan,while R. rugosa f. alba,R. rugosa f. plena and R. rugosa‘Fenghua'were clustered in the second group.
The petal volatile components and their contents among five varieties of Rosa rugosa Thunb. were assayed qualitatively and quantitatively by using Head Solid-phase Micro-extraction(HS–SPME)and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry(GC–MS). The compositions and relative contents were analyzed. Forty-nine volatile compounds were detected,including alcohols,esters,aldehydes,terpenes,phenols,ketones,alkanes,acids and ethers. The main volatile components including phenylethyl alcohol,citronellol,nerol,geraniol and their acetate esters were contributed to the first and second principal components in the principal component analysis. The releasing amounts(RA)of the major aromatic components were significantly different among the varieties. There were significantly higher RA of citronellol,citronellal,and citronellol acetate in R. rugosa‘Fenghua'than the other 4 varieties.Moreover,the higher RA of geraniol,geranial,nerol,neral,cis-β-ocimene and β-pinene were observed in the R. rugosa f. alba and R. rugosa f. plena than the other varieties. Five Rosa rugosa were clustered into two groups by clustering analysis. Among the first group,there were R. rugosa‘Zizhi'and R. rugosa from Japan,while R. rugosa f. alba,R. rugosa f. plena and R. rugosa‘Fenghua'were clustered in the second group.
引文
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Chen Hong-yan,Liao Rong-su,Yang Jin-zhao,Song Ke-ke.2011.Analysis of volatile chemical compounds from the flower of Rosa rugosa.Food Science and Technology,36(11):186-196.(in Chinese)陈红艳,廖蓉苏,杨今朝,宋可珂.2011.玫瑰花挥发性化学成分的分析研究.食品科技,36(11):186-196.
Feng Li-guo,Sheng Li-xia,Tao Jun,Zhao Lan-yong,Shao Da-wei.2009.Comparative studies on aroma components and contents of wild Rosa rugosa in China.Journal of Yangzhou University(Agricultural and Life Science Edition),30(4):93-97.(in Chinese)冯立国,生利霞,陶俊,赵兰勇,邵大伟.2009.不同种源野生玫瑰鲜花芳香成分的比较研究.扬州大学学报(农业与生命科学版),30(4):93-97.
Feng Li-guo,Sheng Li-xia,Zhao Lan-yong,Yu Xiao-yan,Shao Da-wei,He Xiao-di.2008.Changes of the aroma constituents and contents in the course of Rosa rugosa Thunb.flower development.Scientia Agricultura Sinica,(12):4341-4351.(in Chinese)冯立国,生利霞,赵兰勇,于晓艳,邵大伟,何小弟.2008.玫瑰花发育过程中芳香成分及含量的变化.中国农业科学,(12):4341-4351.
Gao Lei,Yao Lei.2010.ISSR analysis of genetic relationships between nine varieties of rose.Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University(Agricultural Science),28(5):449-452.(in Chinese)高蕾,姚雷.2010.9个油用玫瑰品种遗传关系的ISSR分析.上海交通大学学报(农业科学版),28(5):449-452.
Hou Jia,Yin Juan,Wang Li-ping.2016.Study on aromatic subsances storage position and dynamic release process of rose.Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,44(22):122-124.(in Chinese)侯佳,尹娟,王利平.2016.玫瑰芳香物质储藏部位与动态释放过程研究.安徽农业科学,44(22):122-124.
Li Yu-shu.2006.Studies on germplasm resources and cultivars classification of Rosa rugosa in China[M.D.Dissertation].Beijing:Beijing Forestry University.(in Chinese)李玉舒.2006.中国玫瑰种质资源调查及其品种分类研究[硕士论文].北京:北京林业大学.
Magnard J L,Roccia A,Caissard J C,Vergne P,Sun P,Hecquet R,Dubois A,Hibrand-Saint Oyant L,Jullien F,NicolèF,Raymond O,Huguet S,Baltenweck R,Meyer S,Claudel P,Jeauffre J,Rohmer M,Foucher F,Hugueney P,Bendahmane M,Baudino S.2015.Plant volatiles biosynthesis of monoterpene scent compounds in roses.Science,349(6243):81-83.
Picone J M,Clery R A,Watanabe N,MacTavish H S,Turnbull C G N.2004.Rhythmic emission of floral volatiles from Rosa damascena semperflorens cv.‘Quatre Saisons’.Planta,219:468-478
Sun Yu-an,Du Rui,Li Zhen-xing,Yu Wen-hao,Wang Guo-qing.2014.Determination of volatile components of roses based on headspace-solidphase microextraction and GC-MS.Journal of Henan Agricultural University,48(4):461-464.(in Chinese)孙雨安,杜瑞,李振兴,于文浩,王国庆.2014.基于顶空固相微萃取GC-MS的玫瑰花挥发性成分分析.河南农业大学学报,48(4):461-464.
Ueyama Y,Hashimoto S,Nii H,Furukawa K.1990.The essential oil from the flowers of Rosa rugosa thunb.var.plena regel.Flavour&Fragrance Journal,5(4):219-222.
Wang Hai-ping.2012.Cloning and analysis of eugenol synthase gene RcEGS1 in Rosa Chinensis‘Pallida’[M.D.Dissertation].Wuhan:Huazhong Agricultural University.(in Chinese)王海萍.2012.月月粉丁香酚合成酶基因RcEGS1的克隆及分析[硕士论文].武汉:华中农业大学.
Wang Jia.2016.Construction of over-expression vector of RrDXR and RrAAT and genetic transformation study in Rosa rugosa[M.D.Dissertation].Yangzhou:Yangzhou University.(in Chinese)王佳.2016.玫瑰花香相关基因RrDXR和RrAAT超表达载体构建及遗传转化研究[硕士论文].扬州:扬州大学.
Wu Lei.2005.Phylogenetic relationship analyzed using RAPD markers among the germplasm of Rosa rugosa Thunb.in Pingyin[M.D.Dissertation].Tai’an:Shandong Agricultural University.(in Chinese)武蕾.2005.平阴玫瑰栽培品种种质资源亲缘关系的RAPD分析[硕士论文].泰安:山东农业大学.
Wu S,Watanabe N,Mita S,Dohra H,Ueda Y,Shibuya M,EbizukaY.2004.The key role of phloroglucinol o-methyltransferase in the biosynthesis of Rosa chinensis volatile 1,3,5-trimethoxybenzene.Plant Physiology,135(1):95-102.
Xu Zong-da,Zhao Lan-yong,Zhang Ling,Yang Zhi-ying.2011.Analysis of genetic diversity and construction of fingerprint of Rosa rugosa by SRAP.Scientia Agricultura Sinica,44(8):1662-1669.(in Chinese)徐宗大,赵兰勇,张玲,杨志莹.2011.玫瑰SRAP遗传多样性分析与品种指纹图谱构建.中国农业科学,44(8):1662-1669.
Yan Huijun,Wang Juan,Chen Min,Wang Qigang,Zhang Hao.2017.The analysis of scent compounds from Rosa chinensis‘Pallida’,R.damascene and R.centifolia by GC/MS.Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University(Natural Science),(1):78-82.(in Chinese)晏慧君,王娟,陈敏,王其刚,张颢.2017.大马士革蔷薇(R.damascene)、百叶蔷薇(R.centifolia)香气成分分析.云南农业大学学报,(1):78-82.
Yu Ya-fei,Liu Ying-jiao,Xu Bei,Wen Shi-yong,Tan Wei-min,Liu Ta-si,Su Wen-sheng,Su Xun.2015.Comparison study of volatile oil in Rosa rugosa Thunb.of different collection period and dry samples.Central South Pharmacy,13(6):648-651.(in Chinese)喻亚飞,刘应蛟,徐贝,文诗咏,谭伟民,刘塔斯,苏文胜,苏洵.2015.不同采收期的汨罗药用玫瑰GC-MS成分分析.中南药学,13(6):648-651.
Yu Yi-lin,Wang Qiu-yun,Yao Lei.2012.Research on the aroma components and contents of Rosa rugosa‘Purple Branch’.Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University(Agricultural Science),30(2):80-87.(in Chinese)虞伊林,王秋云,姚雷.2012.玫瑰自然香气成分及含量变化分析.上海交通大学学报(农业科学版),30(2):80-87.
Chen Hong-yan,Liao Rong-su,Yang Jin-zhao,Song Ke-ke.2011.Analysis of volatile chemical compounds from the flower of Rosa rugosa.Food Science and Technology,36(11):186-196.(in Chinese)陈红艳,廖蓉苏,杨今朝,宋可珂.2011.玫瑰花挥发性化学成分的分析研究.食品科技,36(11):186-196.
Feng Li-guo,Sheng Li-xia,Tao Jun,Zhao Lan-yong,Shao Da-wei.2009.Comparative studies on aroma components and contents of wild Rosa rugosa in China.Journal of Yangzhou University(Agricultural and Life Science Edition),30(4):93-97.(in Chinese)冯立国,生利霞,陶俊,赵兰勇,邵大伟.2009.不同种源野生玫瑰鲜花芳香成分的比较研究.扬州大学学报(农业与生命科学版),30(4):93-97.
Feng Li-guo,Sheng Li-xia,Zhao Lan-yong,Yu Xiao-yan,Shao Da-wei,He Xiao-di.2008.Changes of the aroma constituents and contents in the course of Rosa rugosa Thunb.flower development.Scientia Agricultura Sinica,(12):4341-4351.(in Chinese)冯立国,生利霞,赵兰勇,于晓艳,邵大伟,何小弟.2008.玫瑰花发育过程中芳香成分及含量的变化.中国农业科学,(12):4341-4351.
Gao Lei,Yao Lei.2010.ISSR analysis of genetic relationships between nine varieties of rose.Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University(Agricultural Science),28(5):449-452.(in Chinese)高蕾,姚雷.2010.9个油用玫瑰品种遗传关系的ISSR分析.上海交通大学学报(农业科学版),28(5):449-452.
Hou Jia,Yin Juan,Wang Li-ping.2016.Study on aromatic subsances storage position and dynamic release process of rose.Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,44(22):122-124.(in Chinese)侯佳,尹娟,王利平.2016.玫瑰芳香物质储藏部位与动态释放过程研究.安徽农业科学,44(22):122-124.
Li Yu-shu.2006.Studies on germplasm resources and cultivars classification of Rosa rugosa in China[M.D.Dissertation].Beijing:Beijing Forestry University.(in Chinese)李玉舒.2006.中国玫瑰种质资源调查及其品种分类研究[硕士论文].北京:北京林业大学.
Magnard J L,Roccia A,Caissard J C,Vergne P,Sun P,Hecquet R,Dubois A,Hibrand-Saint Oyant L,Jullien F,NicolèF,Raymond O,Huguet S,Baltenweck R,Meyer S,Claudel P,Jeauffre J,Rohmer M,Foucher F,Hugueney P,Bendahmane M,Baudino S.2015.Plant volatiles biosynthesis of monoterpene scent compounds in roses.Science,349(6243):81-83.
Picone J M,Clery R A,Watanabe N,MacTavish H S,Turnbull C G N.2004.Rhythmic emission of floral volatiles from Rosa damascena semperflorens cv.‘Quatre Saisons’.Planta,219:468-478
Sun Yu-an,Du Rui,Li Zhen-xing,Yu Wen-hao,Wang Guo-qing.2014.Determination of volatile components of roses based on headspace-solidphase microextraction and GC-MS.Journal of Henan Agricultural University,48(4):461-464.(in Chinese)孙雨安,杜瑞,李振兴,于文浩,王国庆.2014.基于顶空固相微萃取GC-MS的玫瑰花挥发性成分分析.河南农业大学学报,48(4):461-464.
Ueyama Y,Hashimoto S,Nii H,Furukawa K.1990.The essential oil from the flowers of Rosa rugosa thunb.var.plena regel.Flavour&Fragrance Journal,5(4):219-222.
Wang Hai-ping.2012.Cloning and analysis of eugenol synthase gene RcEGS1 in Rosa Chinensis‘Pallida’[M.D.Dissertation].Wuhan:Huazhong Agricultural University.(in Chinese)王海萍.2012.月月粉丁香酚合成酶基因RcEGS1的克隆及分析[硕士论文].武汉:华中农业大学.
Wang Jia.2016.Construction of over-expression vector of RrDXR and RrAAT and genetic transformation study in Rosa rugosa[M.D.Dissertation].Yangzhou:Yangzhou University.(in Chinese)王佳.2016.玫瑰花香相关基因RrDXR和RrAAT超表达载体构建及遗传转化研究[硕士论文].扬州:扬州大学.
Wu Lei.2005.Phylogenetic relationship analyzed using RAPD markers among the germplasm of Rosa rugosa Thunb.in Pingyin[M.D.Dissertation].Tai’an:Shandong Agricultural University.(in Chinese)武蕾.2005.平阴玫瑰栽培品种种质资源亲缘关系的RAPD分析[硕士论文].泰安:山东农业大学.
Wu S,Watanabe N,Mita S,Dohra H,Ueda Y,Shibuya M,EbizukaY.2004.The key role of phloroglucinol o-methyltransferase in the biosynthesis of Rosa chinensis volatile 1,3,5-trimethoxybenzene.Plant Physiology,135(1):95-102.
Xu Zong-da,Zhao Lan-yong,Zhang Ling,Yang Zhi-ying.2011.Analysis of genetic diversity and construction of fingerprint of Rosa rugosa by SRAP.Scientia Agricultura Sinica,44(8):1662-1669.(in Chinese)徐宗大,赵兰勇,张玲,杨志莹.2011.玫瑰SRAP遗传多样性分析与品种指纹图谱构建.中国农业科学,44(8):1662-1669.
Yan Huijun,Wang Juan,Chen Min,Wang Qigang,Zhang Hao.2017.The analysis of scent compounds from Rosa chinensis‘Pallida’,R.damascene and R.centifolia by GC/MS.Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University(Natural Science),(1):78-82.(in Chinese)晏慧君,王娟,陈敏,王其刚,张颢.2017.大马士革蔷薇(R.damascene)、百叶蔷薇(R.centifolia)香气成分分析.云南农业大学学报,(1):78-82.
Yu Ya-fei,Liu Ying-jiao,Xu Bei,Wen Shi-yong,Tan Wei-min,Liu Ta-si,Su Wen-sheng,Su Xun.2015.Comparison study of volatile oil in Rosa rugosa Thunb.of different collection period and dry samples.Central South Pharmacy,13(6):648-651.(in Chinese)喻亚飞,刘应蛟,徐贝,文诗咏,谭伟民,刘塔斯,苏文胜,苏洵.2015.不同采收期的汨罗药用玫瑰GC-MS成分分析.中南药学,13(6):648-651.
Yu Yi-lin,Wang Qiu-yun,Yao Lei.2012.Research on the aroma components and contents of Rosa rugosa‘Purple Branch’.Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University(Agricultural Science),30(2):80-87.(in Chinese)虞伊林,王秋云,姚雷.2012.玫瑰自然香气成分及含量变化分析.上海交通大学学报(农业科学版),30(2):80-87.