一种在相干信源下的快速DOA估计算法
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摘要
针对利用信号的协方差特征值分解求取信号的波达方向计算复杂的问题,本文提出了一种基于传播算子方法的空间平滑技术波达方向估计算法。与传统的子空间方法相比,通过简单的线性分割变换来快速估计噪声子空间,避免了传统子空间算法中运算量极大的特征分解,从而降低了运算复杂度。空间平滑技术处理相干信号源具有良好的性能,通过使用双向空间平滑矩阵和它的共轭复数的区别,构造出广义的协方差阵,可以完全消除空间非均匀噪声。仿真结果证明,空间平滑技术与传播因子算法的结合,能够有效地保持平滑技术良好的性能,进一步降低运算复杂度。
To solve the complex problem in calculating the DOA of a signal by decomposing the eigenvalue of signal covariance,this study presents an algorithm that estimates the arrival direction of the spatial smoothing technique based on the propagator method. Compared with the traditional subspace method,which transforms to estimate the noise subspace by simple linear segmentation,the algorithm avoids characteristic decomposition that involves a large amount of computation in traditional feature subspace algorithms,thereby reducing the computational complexity.The spatial smoothing technique for a coherent signal processing source exhibits a good performance. By making use of the difference between the bidirectional spatial smoothing matrix and its complex conjugate,a generalized covariance matrix is constructed,which can completely eliminate the spatially nonuniform noise. The simulation results show that the combined algorithm of spatial smoothing and spreading factor can effectively maintain the good performance of the smoothing technique,which further reduces the computational complexity.
To solve the complex problem in calculating the DOA of a signal by decomposing the eigenvalue of signal covariance,this study presents an algorithm that estimates the arrival direction of the spatial smoothing technique based on the propagator method. Compared with the traditional subspace method,which transforms to estimate the noise subspace by simple linear segmentation,the algorithm avoids characteristic decomposition that involves a large amount of computation in traditional feature subspace algorithms,thereby reducing the computational complexity.The spatial smoothing technique for a coherent signal processing source exhibits a good performance. By making use of the difference between the bidirectional spatial smoothing matrix and its complex conjugate,a generalized covariance matrix is constructed,which can completely eliminate the spatially nonuniform noise. The simulation results show that the combined algorithm of spatial smoothing and spreading factor can effectively maintain the good performance of the smoothing technique,which further reduces the computational complexity.
引文
[1]王永良.空间谱估计理论与算法[M].北京:清华大学社,2004.
[2]张贤达,保铮.通信信号处理[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2000.
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[4]宋虎,蒋迺倜,刘溶,等.基于稀疏采样阵列优化的APG-MUSIC算法[J].电子与信息学报,2018,40(6):1390-1396.SONG Hu,JIANG Naiti,LIU Rong,et al. APG-MUSIC algorithm based on sparse sampling array optimization[J].Journal of electronics&information technology, 2018,40(6):1390-1396.
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[10]KUNDU D. Modified MUSIC algorithm for estimating DOA of signals[J]. Signal processing,1996,48(1):85-90.
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[12]张聪,胡谋法,卢焕章.基于虚拟阵列空间平滑的相干信号DOA估计[J].电子学报,2010,38(4):929-933.ZHANG Cong,HU Moufa,LU Huanzhang. Virtual array-based spatial smoothing method for direction finding of coherent signals[J]. Acta electronica sinica, 2010,38(4):929-933.
[13]PILLAI S U,KWON B H. Forward/backward spatial smoothing techniques for coherent signal identification[J]. IEEE transactions on acoustics,speech,and signal processing,1989,37(1):8-15.
[14]MARCOS S,MARSAL A,BENIDIR M. The propagator method for source bearing estimation[J]. Signal processing,1995,42(2):121-138.
[15]MARCOS S,MARSAL A,BENIDIR M. Performances analysis of the propagator method for source bearing estimation[C]//Proceedings of ICASSP'94. IEEE International Conference on Acoustics,Speech and Signal Processing.Adelaide,SA,Australia,1994:IV/237-IV/240.
[16]QI Chongying,CHEN Zhijie,WANG Yongliang,et al.DOA estimation for coherent sources in unknown nonuniform noise fields[J]. IEEE transactions on aerospace and electronic systems,2007,43(3):1195-1204.
[17]AOUADA S,ZOUBIR A M,SEE C M S. Source detection in the presence of nonuniform noise[C]//Proceedings of 2004 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics,Speech,and Signal Processing. Montreal,Que.,Canada,2004,2:165-168.
[18]AOUADA S,TRASKOV D,D'HEUREUSE N,et al. Application of the bootstrap to source detection in nonuniform noise[C]//Proceedings.(ICASSP'05). IEEE International Conference on Acoustics,Speech,and Signal Processing. Philadelphia, PA, USA, 2005, 4:iv/997-iv1000.
[19]黄家才,石要武,陶建武.多径循环平稳信号二维波达方向估计——极化域平滑法[J].电子与信息学报,2007,29(5):1110-1114.HUANG Jiacai,SHI Yaowu,TAO Jianwu. 2-D direction finding of cyclostationary signals with Polarization smoothing algorithm in multipath environment[J]. Journal of electronics&information technology, 2007, 29(5):1110-1114.
[20]DIVERSI R,GUIDORZI R,SOVERINI U. Estimating the number of signals in the presence of nonuniform noise[C]//Proceedings of 2014 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics,Speech and Signal Processing. Florence,Italy,2014:2967-2971.
[2]张贤达,保铮.通信信号处理[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2000.
[3]SCHMIDT R O. Multiple emitter location and signal parameter estimation[J]. IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation,1986,34(3):276-280.
[4]宋虎,蒋迺倜,刘溶,等.基于稀疏采样阵列优化的APG-MUSIC算法[J].电子与信息学报,2018,40(6):1390-1396.SONG Hu,JIANG Naiti,LIU Rong,et al. APG-MUSIC algorithm based on sparse sampling array optimization[J].Journal of electronics&information technology, 2018,40(6):1390-1396.
[5]ROY R,KAILATH T. ESPRIT-estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques[J]. IEEE transactions on acoustics,speech,and signal processing,1989,37(7):984-995.
[6]STOICA P,NEHORAI A. MUSIC,maximum likelihood,and Cramer-Rao bound:further results and comparisons[J]. IEEE transactions on acoustics,speech,and signal processing,1990,38(12):2140-2150.
[7]STOICA P,NEHORAI A. Performance study of conditional and unconditional direction-of-arrival estimation[J].IEEE transactions on acoustics,speech,and signal processing,1990,38(10):1783-1795.
[8]EVANS J E,JOHNSON J R,SUN D F. High resolution angular spectrum estimation techniques for terrain scattering analysis and angle of arrival estimation[C]//Proceedings of the 1st ASSP Workshop Spectral Estimation. Hamilton,Ontario,Canada,1981.
[9]SHAN Tiejun,WAX M,KAILATH T. On spatial smoothing for direction-of-arrival estimation of coherent signals[J]. IEEE transactions on acoustics,speech,and signal processing,1985,33(4):806-811.
[10]KUNDU D. Modified MUSIC algorithm for estimating DOA of signals[J]. Signal processing,1996,48(1):85-90.
[11]ZHAO Yongbo,ZHANG Shouhong. A fast algorithm for DOA estimation in unknown correlated noise[C]//Proceedings of the IEEE 6th Circuits and Systems Symposium on Emerging Technologies:Frontiers of Mobile and Wireless Communication. Shanghai,China,2004,2:757-759.
[12]张聪,胡谋法,卢焕章.基于虚拟阵列空间平滑的相干信号DOA估计[J].电子学报,2010,38(4):929-933.ZHANG Cong,HU Moufa,LU Huanzhang. Virtual array-based spatial smoothing method for direction finding of coherent signals[J]. Acta electronica sinica, 2010,38(4):929-933.
[13]PILLAI S U,KWON B H. Forward/backward spatial smoothing techniques for coherent signal identification[J]. IEEE transactions on acoustics,speech,and signal processing,1989,37(1):8-15.
[14]MARCOS S,MARSAL A,BENIDIR M. The propagator method for source bearing estimation[J]. Signal processing,1995,42(2):121-138.
[15]MARCOS S,MARSAL A,BENIDIR M. Performances analysis of the propagator method for source bearing estimation[C]//Proceedings of ICASSP'94. IEEE International Conference on Acoustics,Speech and Signal Processing.Adelaide,SA,Australia,1994:IV/237-IV/240.
[16]QI Chongying,CHEN Zhijie,WANG Yongliang,et al.DOA estimation for coherent sources in unknown nonuniform noise fields[J]. IEEE transactions on aerospace and electronic systems,2007,43(3):1195-1204.
[17]AOUADA S,ZOUBIR A M,SEE C M S. Source detection in the presence of nonuniform noise[C]//Proceedings of 2004 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics,Speech,and Signal Processing. Montreal,Que.,Canada,2004,2:165-168.
[18]AOUADA S,TRASKOV D,D'HEUREUSE N,et al. Application of the bootstrap to source detection in nonuniform noise[C]//Proceedings.(ICASSP'05). IEEE International Conference on Acoustics,Speech,and Signal Processing. Philadelphia, PA, USA, 2005, 4:iv/997-iv1000.
[19]黄家才,石要武,陶建武.多径循环平稳信号二维波达方向估计——极化域平滑法[J].电子与信息学报,2007,29(5):1110-1114.HUANG Jiacai,SHI Yaowu,TAO Jianwu. 2-D direction finding of cyclostationary signals with Polarization smoothing algorithm in multipath environment[J]. Journal of electronics&information technology, 2007, 29(5):1110-1114.
[20]DIVERSI R,GUIDORZI R,SOVERINI U. Estimating the number of signals in the presence of nonuniform noise[C]//Proceedings of 2014 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics,Speech and Signal Processing. Florence,Italy,2014:2967-2971.