断乳仔猪对不同环境丰富物的偏好研究
摘要
为了研究不同环境丰富物(橡胶带、铁链、尼龙绳)对断乳仔猪操控时间、次数及仔猪间争斗次数的影响,试验选择35～40日龄长白猪断乳仔猪3窝,每窝选择6头,分为3个试验组,分别添加不同的环境丰富物,观察仔猪的操控行为和攻击行为。结果表明:仔猪对橡胶带和尼龙绳的操控次数、操控时间总和、单次操控最长时间显著高于铁链(P<0.05),引发的攻击行为显著多于铁链(P<0.05);试验期3 d内,仔猪对橡胶带和尼龙绳的操控次数和操控时间总和随试验天数增加无显著变化(P>0.05);橡胶带和尼龙绳引发的攻击次数和仔猪对其操控时间总和极显著相关(P<0.01),表明仔猪对橡胶带、尼龙绳的偏好性更强,且随时间延长其对仔猪的吸引力未在短时间内显著减弱(P>0.05)。说明可以在仔猪栏内悬挂橡胶带、尼龙绳来提高环境的丰富性。
引文
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[2] 赵兴波.动物保护学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2011.
[3] 刘云生.动物福利的理念在养猪工艺设计中的应用[J].肉品卫生,2005(11):43-46.
[4] BLACKSHAW J K. Some behavioural deviations in weaned domestic pigs: persistent inguinal nose thrusting, and tail and ear biting[J].Anim Prod,1981,33(3):325-332.
[5] 刘喜生,杨玉,靳藜,等.现代养猪生产中的福利问题与保护措施[J].当代畜禽养殖业,2015(5):3-5.
[6] WEMELSFELDER F, HASKELL M, MENDL M T,et al. Diversity of behaviour during novel object tests is reduced in pigs housed in substrate-impoverished conditions[J].Anim Behav,2000,60(3):385-394.
[7] BEATTIE V E, WALKER N, SNEDDON I A. An investigation of the effect of environmental enrichment and space allowance on the behaviour and production of growing pigs[J].Appl Anim Behav Sci, 1996,48(3):151-158.
[8] 陈良云,顾宪红,时建忠.环境富集与猪的福利[J].中国畜牧杂志,2009,45(3):54-57.
[9] ZONDERLAND J J, WOLTHUIS-FILLERUP M, REENEN C G V, et al. Prevention and treatment of tail biting in weaned piglets[J].Appl Anim Behav Sci,2008,110(3):269-281.
[10]WEERD H A V D, DOCKING C M, DAY J E L, et al. Effects of species-relevant environmental enrichment on the behaviour and productivity of finishing pigs[J].Appl Anim Behav Sci,2006,99(3):230-247.
[11]BEATTIE V E, WALKER N, SNEDDON I A. Effects of Environmental Enrichment on Behaviour and Productivity of Growing Pigs[J].Anim Welfare,1995,80(4):207-220.
[12]BOLHUIS J E, SCHOUTEN W G P, SCHRAMA J W, et al. Behavioural development of pigs with different coping characteristics in barren and substrate-enriched housing conditions[J].Appl Anim Behav Sci,2005,93(3):213-228.
[13]崔卫国,包军.异物特征和断尾处理对断奶仔猪啃咬行为及其生产性能的影响[J].家畜生态,2001(2):14-21.
[14]席磊,施正香,李保明,等.环境丰富度对肉猪生产性能及胴体性状的影响[J].农业工程学报,2007,23(8): 187-192.
[15]BRACKE M B M.Expert opinion regarding environmental enrichment materials for pigs[J].AnimWelfare,2006,15(1):67-70.
[16]龙定彪,刘作华,林保忠,等.猪用福利咬链对育成猪行为影响的研究[J].畜牧与兽医,2015,47(8):160-161.