张家口市坝上地区谷子恢复系的选育研究
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摘要
张杂谷适应性广、品质优、产量高,但能在坝上地区种植的杂交谷品种很有限。为了选育更多适合坝上地区种植的杂交谷子品种,本文以‘张杂谷6号’为对照品种,以谷子不育系A2和30份新选育的恢复系为材料,采用完全随机区组试验设计,调查杂交后代的农艺性状(出苗期、抽穗期、株高、穗长、穗粒重、千粒重、出谷率、单穗重及产量),并进行相关性分析和主成分分析。结果表明:30份参试材料杂交种农艺性状变异系数为2.81～18.22,其中千粒重变异系数最小,为2.81%,产量和穗粒重的变异系数最大,均为18.77%。主成分分析表明,主成分1和主成分2累计贡献率为89.2%,表述了谷子性状的大部分信息,说明可以用这两个主成分来筛选适合坝上种植的杂交种。通过综合评价,共筛选出22份优于‘张杂谷6号’的恢复系材料。
Zhang hybrid millets have wider adaptability, better quality and higher yield, but almost all of which are not suitable to plant in the Bashang area. In order to breed more suitable hybrid millet varieties, in this experiment,the completely randomized block experiment was designed, with ‘Zhang hybrid millet 6' as the control, and 30 cross combinations between the sterile line material A2 and 30 new restorer lines as the material. To better study agronomic traits(seeding stage, heading stage, plant height, ear length, panicle weight, 1 000-kernel weight, grain yield rate,single spike weight and yield) of hybrid offspring, correlation analysis and principal component analysis were carried out. The results showed that the variation coefficient of agronomic traits changed from 2.81 to 18.22, and the lowest was 1 000 grain weight, which was 2.81%, While the highest were yield and grain weight, which were both 18.77%.Principal component analysis showed that the cumulative percent of the first two principal components reached to89.2%, which indicated the most information of all properties and could be used to selected suitable variety. Finally,22 restorer materials were selected by a comprehensive evaluation, which were better than ‘Zhang hybrid millet 6'.
Zhang hybrid millets have wider adaptability, better quality and higher yield, but almost all of which are not suitable to plant in the Bashang area. In order to breed more suitable hybrid millet varieties, in this experiment,the completely randomized block experiment was designed, with ‘Zhang hybrid millet 6' as the control, and 30 cross combinations between the sterile line material A2 and 30 new restorer lines as the material. To better study agronomic traits(seeding stage, heading stage, plant height, ear length, panicle weight, 1 000-kernel weight, grain yield rate,single spike weight and yield) of hybrid offspring, correlation analysis and principal component analysis were carried out. The results showed that the variation coefficient of agronomic traits changed from 2.81 to 18.22, and the lowest was 1 000 grain weight, which was 2.81%, While the highest were yield and grain weight, which were both 18.77%.Principal component analysis showed that the cumulative percent of the first two principal components reached to89.2%, which indicated the most information of all properties and could be used to selected suitable variety. Finally,22 restorer materials were selected by a comprehensive evaluation, which were better than ‘Zhang hybrid millet 6'.
引文
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[15]苗泽志,韩浩坤,杜伟建,等.杂交谷子产量及品质相关性状的主成分分析[J].山西农业科学,2013,41(8):785-788+812.
[16]马立平.由多指标向少数几个综合指标的转化-主成分分析法[J].北京统计,2000(8):37-38.
[17]Lv H B,Qian M,Li C H,et al.The principal component analysis on yielding and agronomic traits of hybrid rice of liangyou 2111[J].Agricultural Science&Technology,2017,18(3):483-486.
[18]赵双玲,陈林,胡成成,等.膜下滴灌栽培水稻品种农艺性状相关性与主成分分析[J].大麦与谷类科学,2017,34(3):15-18.
[19]张丽英,张正斌,徐萍,等.黄淮小麦农艺性状进化及对产量性状调控机理的分析[J].中国农业科学,2014,47(5):1013-1028.
[20]Lv Y y,Ll T,Zhang M,et al.Correlation and Principal Component analysis on main agronomic traits of new waxy corn varieties[J].Agricultural Science&Technology,2017,18(9):1732-1737.
[21]马小娟,李贵全,马宏飞,等.大豆亲本及其杂交后代农艺性状与产量关系分析[J].大豆科学,2012,31(1):38-41.
[22]赵禹凯,王显瑞,陈高勋,等.谷子主要农艺性状的相关和通径分析[J].内蒙古农业大学学报:自然科学版,2014,35(2):35-38.
[23]贾小平,李剑峰,金建章,等.不同光周期条件下谷子农艺性状的光周期敏感性评价[J].植物遗传资源学报,2018,19(5):918-924.
[24]魏萌涵,解慧芳,邢璐,等.华北地区谷子产量与农艺性状的综合评价分析[J].作物杂志,2018(4):42-47.
[2]Zhang H,Guo P,Wang Y,et al.Assessment of male sterility and antioxidant enzyme activities induced by the chemical hybridization agent SQ-1 in foxtail millet(Setaria italica)[J].Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture,2017,29(3):212-221.
[3]Zohary D,Hopf M,Weiss E.Domestication of plants in the old world:the origin and spread of domesticated plants in Southwest Asia,Europe,and the Mediterranean Basin[M].Oxford University Press on Demand,2012.
[4]李红英,程鸿燕,郭昱,等.谷子抗旱机制研究进展[J].山西农业大学学报:自然科学版,2018,38(1):6-10.
[5]王晓明,王德权,王峰,等.杂交谷子在张家口市坝上地区种植试验初报[J].河北农业科学,2011,15(6):12-14+17.
[6]李琳,程汝宏,王根平,等.谷子不育系与杂种优势利用研究进展[J].农业生物技术学报,2018,26(10):1787-1796.
[7]宋国亮,冯小磊,范光宇,等.谷子新不育系的配合力分析[J].作物杂志,2017,2(8):44-50.
[8]张新仕.张杂谷品种经济效益与推广影响因素的实证研究[D].保定:河北农业大学,2011.
[9]吕川根,邹江石.两系法杂交稻两优培九育种的理论与实践[J].中国农业科学,2016,49(9):1628-1638.
[10]Anis G,Mowafi-H;Sherif A,et al.Utilizing two line system in hybrid rice(Oryza sativa L.)and potential yield advantage under Egyptian conditions[J].Agricultural Advances,2017,6(3):398-406.
[11]Murai K,Ohta H,Kurushima M,et al.Photoperiodsensitive cytoplasmic male sterile elite lines for hybrid wheat breeding,showing high cross-pollination fertility under long-day conditions[J].Euphytica,2016,212(2):313-322.
[12]黄群策,孙敬三.我国农作物两系法杂种优势育种和应用的进展[J].科技导报,1997(12):11-14.
[13]陈晓敏,赵云昆,郭世华.谷子农艺性状的聚类和主成分分析[J].内蒙古农业科技,2013(2):30-32+44.
[14]袁峰,杨慧卿,王军,等.谷子产量相关性状的主成分分析[J].河北农业科学,2010,14(11):112-114.
[15]苗泽志,韩浩坤,杜伟建,等.杂交谷子产量及品质相关性状的主成分分析[J].山西农业科学,2013,41(8):785-788+812.
[16]马立平.由多指标向少数几个综合指标的转化-主成分分析法[J].北京统计,2000(8):37-38.
[17]Lv H B,Qian M,Li C H,et al.The principal component analysis on yielding and agronomic traits of hybrid rice of liangyou 2111[J].Agricultural Science&Technology,2017,18(3):483-486.
[18]赵双玲,陈林,胡成成,等.膜下滴灌栽培水稻品种农艺性状相关性与主成分分析[J].大麦与谷类科学,2017,34(3):15-18.
[19]张丽英,张正斌,徐萍,等.黄淮小麦农艺性状进化及对产量性状调控机理的分析[J].中国农业科学,2014,47(5):1013-1028.
[20]Lv Y y,Ll T,Zhang M,et al.Correlation and Principal Component analysis on main agronomic traits of new waxy corn varieties[J].Agricultural Science&Technology,2017,18(9):1732-1737.
[21]马小娟,李贵全,马宏飞,等.大豆亲本及其杂交后代农艺性状与产量关系分析[J].大豆科学,2012,31(1):38-41.
[22]赵禹凯,王显瑞,陈高勋,等.谷子主要农艺性状的相关和通径分析[J].内蒙古农业大学学报:自然科学版,2014,35(2):35-38.
[23]贾小平,李剑峰,金建章,等.不同光周期条件下谷子农艺性状的光周期敏感性评价[J].植物遗传资源学报,2018,19(5):918-924.
[24]魏萌涵,解慧芳,邢璐,等.华北地区谷子产量与农艺性状的综合评价分析[J].作物杂志,2018(4):42-47.