山西省畜牧业发展对生态环境的影响
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摘要
"十二五"期间,山西省启动畜牧业振兴工程,畜禽养殖迅速发展。但是随着畜牧养殖场的快速发展,很多不规范的养殖都会对环境造成一定程度上的影响,例如空气污染、水质污染、土壤污染、病菌传播。利用2010—2016年山西省畜牧业数据,从畜禽养殖数量及产值等方面简述山西省畜禽养殖业发展现状,针对畜禽养殖业对生态环境的影响进行了分析,并结合山西省实际,从政府、科研机构、养殖户层面提出相应的改进措施。
During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, Shanxi province started the animal husbandry revitalization project,livestock and poultry breeding develops rapidly. However, with the rapid development of animal husbandry farms, many non-standard aquacultures cause some environment impact, such as air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution, spread of germs. This paper takes the development of animal husbandry in Shanxi province for the last seven years as the starting point, and briefly describes the current development of animal husbandry in Shanxi province from the aspects of livestock and poultry husbandry and production value. The author also takes some case data to analyze its impact on the environment, and combined with the actual situation in Shanxi province, puts forward corresponding improvement measures from the government level, research institute level and breeder level.
During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, Shanxi province started the animal husbandry revitalization project,livestock and poultry breeding develops rapidly. However, with the rapid development of animal husbandry farms, many non-standard aquacultures cause some environment impact, such as air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution, spread of germs. This paper takes the development of animal husbandry in Shanxi province for the last seven years as the starting point, and briefly describes the current development of animal husbandry in Shanxi province from the aspects of livestock and poultry husbandry and production value. The author also takes some case data to analyze its impact on the environment, and combined with the actual situation in Shanxi province, puts forward corresponding improvement measures from the government level, research institute level and breeder level.
引文
[1]国家统计局.中国统计年鉴[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2017.
[2]国务院办公厅.中国食物与营养发展纲要(2014—2020年)[EB/OL].[2018-02-03].http://www.gov.cn/xxgk/pub/govpublic/mrlm/201402/t20140208_66624.html.
[3]张建杰,郭彩霞,覃伟,等.山西省畜禽业发展及粪尿养分时空变异[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(1):207-214.
[4]农民日报.山西大力发展畜牧业振兴风头正劲[EB/OL].[2018-02-09].http://www.xumuq.com/show-14-94698-1.html.
[5]山西省统计局.山西统计年鉴[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2017.
[6]刘文明.畜牧业发展对生态环境的影响研究:以吉林省为例[J].中国畜牧杂志,2014,50(8):33-36.
[7]周娟,严平,黎永华.畜牧业生产造成环境污染的原因及治理措施[J].黄牛杂志,2004,30(6):33-35.
[8]原生素.英国皇家科研机构:少吃肉可减排60亿吨[EB/OL].[2018-02-12].https://www.baidu.com/link?url=6x-s QV_Nx YMPwe_kf VXVZDMXP1s LFdso8m X1Bh O6ZB71m SL7td Rz Co Sg0l Zv OB LJW1Fly8j I2Ha Iw-v HENQwn PZWa Bz2Gn_La43So8e9SFu&wd=&eqid=dc8252220003148e000000035a8168c0.
[9]姜无边,于福满,喻洪湛.我国畜牧业污染的现状及防治意义[J].农业工程,2011,1(4):29-30,37.
[10]李远.我国规模化畜禽养殖业存在的环境问题与防治对策[J].上海环境科学,2002,21(10):597-644.
[11]陈文优.畜禽粪便对农业环境的影响及管理对策[J].农业环境与发展,2007(3):87-90.
[12]黄国斌.畜牧业对环境的影响及其对策[J].当代畜牧,2014(36):44-45.
[13]山西省人民政府办公厅.山西省2017年畜禽粪污处理和资源化工作方案[EB/OL].[2018-02-04].http://www.sxnyt.gov.cn/nytw zq/sydw/sstxmcyglz/sctd_4035/201704/t20170405_458902.shtml.
[14]栗永楼.原平市畜牧业环境治理工作的推进措施[J].中国畜牧业,2017(15):79.
[15]农业部畜牧业司.2017年畜牧业工作要点[EB/OL].[2018-02-11].http://www.moa.gov.cn/govpublic/XMYS/201702/t20170206_5468803.htm.
[16]付蕾,冯静静.美国农业补贴对生猪产业的影响及启示研究[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2017(14):14-16.
[17]刘波.畜禽粪便对环境的污染及防治措施[J].甘肃农业,2004(3):35-36.
[2]国务院办公厅.中国食物与营养发展纲要(2014—2020年)[EB/OL].[2018-02-03].http://www.gov.cn/xxgk/pub/govpublic/mrlm/201402/t20140208_66624.html.
[3]张建杰,郭彩霞,覃伟,等.山西省畜禽业发展及粪尿养分时空变异[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(1):207-214.
[4]农民日报.山西大力发展畜牧业振兴风头正劲[EB/OL].[2018-02-09].http://www.xumuq.com/show-14-94698-1.html.
[5]山西省统计局.山西统计年鉴[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2017.
[6]刘文明.畜牧业发展对生态环境的影响研究:以吉林省为例[J].中国畜牧杂志,2014,50(8):33-36.
[7]周娟,严平,黎永华.畜牧业生产造成环境污染的原因及治理措施[J].黄牛杂志,2004,30(6):33-35.
[8]原生素.英国皇家科研机构:少吃肉可减排60亿吨[EB/OL].[2018-02-12].https://www.baidu.com/link?url=6x-s QV_Nx YMPwe_kf VXVZDMXP1s LFdso8m X1Bh O6ZB71m SL7td Rz Co Sg0l Zv OB LJW1Fly8j I2Ha Iw-v HENQwn PZWa Bz2Gn_La43So8e9SFu&wd=&eqid=dc8252220003148e000000035a8168c0.
[9]姜无边,于福满,喻洪湛.我国畜牧业污染的现状及防治意义[J].农业工程,2011,1(4):29-30,37.
[10]李远.我国规模化畜禽养殖业存在的环境问题与防治对策[J].上海环境科学,2002,21(10):597-644.
[11]陈文优.畜禽粪便对农业环境的影响及管理对策[J].农业环境与发展,2007(3):87-90.
[12]黄国斌.畜牧业对环境的影响及其对策[J].当代畜牧,2014(36):44-45.
[13]山西省人民政府办公厅.山西省2017年畜禽粪污处理和资源化工作方案[EB/OL].[2018-02-04].http://www.sxnyt.gov.cn/nytw zq/sydw/sstxmcyglz/sctd_4035/201704/t20170405_458902.shtml.
[14]栗永楼.原平市畜牧业环境治理工作的推进措施[J].中国畜牧业,2017(15):79.
[15]农业部畜牧业司.2017年畜牧业工作要点[EB/OL].[2018-02-11].http://www.moa.gov.cn/govpublic/XMYS/201702/t20170206_5468803.htm.
[16]付蕾,冯静静.美国农业补贴对生猪产业的影响及启示研究[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2017(14):14-16.
[17]刘波.畜禽粪便对环境的污染及防治措施[J].甘肃农业,2004(3):35-36.