太子河本溪城区段河道表层沉积物重金属含量及生态风险评估
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摘要
河道表层沉积物重金属具有毒性、持久性、不可逆性等危害特征,并且随着生物链的伸展,危害水生生物以及人体健康.为了解辽宁太子河本溪城区段河道表层沉积物中重金属的污染特征,通过实地调查采样,以太子河本溪城区段10个采样断面的河道表层沉积物作为研究对象,运用原子吸收分光光度法测定了太子河本溪城区段河道底泥重金属(Cu、Fe、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、Mn、Ni)的含量,并采用地积累指数法评价了太子河本溪城区段河道表层沉积物的重金属污染程度.结果表明,太子河本溪城区段河道表层沉积物重金属含量高于辽宁省土壤背景值,存在一定的生态风险.
Heavy metals of river surface sediment have the unique hazard characteristics of toxicity,persistence and irreversibility etc.,which are harmful to aquatic organisms and human health with extension of the food chain. In order to acquire the pollution characteristics of heavy metals in river surface sediment,as the sampled objects,ten sections of river surface sediment for Taizi River in Benxi City had been studied. The microwave digestion and atomic absorption spectrophotometry was adopted to determine the heavy metal contents( Cu、Fe、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、M n、Ni) of Taizi River in Benxi City section. M oreover,as the river sediment pollution degree of heavy metals was evaluated with the index of geoaccumulation evaluation method. Results showed that the certain ecological risk of Taizi River in Benxi City section existed,owning to the heavy metal contents of river surface sediment exceeding the background value of soil in Liaoning Province.
Heavy metals of river surface sediment have the unique hazard characteristics of toxicity,persistence and irreversibility etc.,which are harmful to aquatic organisms and human health with extension of the food chain. In order to acquire the pollution characteristics of heavy metals in river surface sediment,as the sampled objects,ten sections of river surface sediment for Taizi River in Benxi City had been studied. The microwave digestion and atomic absorption spectrophotometry was adopted to determine the heavy metal contents( Cu、Fe、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、M n、Ni) of Taizi River in Benxi City section. M oreover,as the river sediment pollution degree of heavy metals was evaluated with the index of geoaccumulation evaluation method. Results showed that the certain ecological risk of Taizi River in Benxi City section existed,owning to the heavy metal contents of river surface sediment exceeding the background value of soil in Liaoning Province.
引文
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[25]叶润,刘芳竹.微波消解-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定大米中铜、锰、铁、锌、钙、镁、钾、钠8种元素[J].食品科学,2014,35(6):117-120.
[26]Tang W,Shan B,Zhang H,et al.Heavy metal sources and associated risk in response to agricultural intensification in the estuarine sediments of Chaohu Lake Valley,East China[J].Journal of Hazardous M aterials,2010 J 76(I):945-951.
[27]弓晓峰,陈春丽.鄱阳湖底泥中重金属污染现状评价[J].环境科学,2006,27(4):732-736.
[28]万金宝,王建水.乐安河沉积物重金属污染现状评价[J]..环境科学与技术,2008,31(11):130-133.
[29]张跃军,孙彬.乡村内河沉积物中的重金属污染评价及资源化利用[J].农业环境科学学报,2008,27(4):1398-1402.
[30]李志萍,马超振.太子河沉积物重金属污染地积累指数法评价[J].环境科学学报,2012,33(6):1808-1815.
[31]中国环境监测总站.中国土壤元素背景值[M]北京:中国环境科学出版社,1990:87-256.
[2]康兴生,马涛.河流重金属污染底泥的稳定化实验研究[J].环境工程学报,2015,9(12):6083-6089.
[3]蔡怡敏,陈卫平.顺德水稻土壤及沉积物中重金属分布及潜在生态风险评价[J].环境科学,2016,37(5):1763-1770.
[4]Jonathan M P,Sarkar S K,Roy P D,et al.Acid leachable trace metals in sediment cores from Sunderban Mangrove Wetland,India:an approach tow ards regular monitoring[J].Ecotoxicology,2010,19(2):405-418.
[5]周潮辉,张庆强.引滦入津工程黎河河道表层沉积物重金属形态及风险分析[J].水资源与水工程学报,2016,27(2):103-107.
[6]阳辉,樊贵盛.流域底泥重金属分布特征及其生态风险评价[J].水土保持通报,2014,34(2):208-212.
[7]Alonso Castillo M L,Sanchez Trujillo I,Vereda Alonso E,et al.Bioavailability of heavy metals in water and sediments from a typical M editerranean Bay(M alaga Bay,Region of Andaluci'a,Southern Spain)[J].M arine Pollution Bulletin,2013,76(1-2):427-434.
[8]蒋庆丰,游珍.太湖沉积物中重金属污染状况及分布特征探讨[J].水资源保护,2010,26(5):11-19.
[9]李经纬,杨路华.白洋淀底泥重金属污染地积累指数法评价[J].人民黄河,2007,29(12):59-60.
[10]Cukrov N,Franciskovic-Bilinski S,Hiaca B,et a L A recent history of metal accumulation in the sediments of Rijeka harbor,Adriatic Sea,Croat!a[J].M arine Pollution Bulletin,2011,62(1):154-167.
[11]Le Cloarec M,Bonte P H,Lestel L,et al.Sedimentary record of metal contamination in the Seine River during the last century[J].Physics and Chemistry of the Earth,Parts A/B/C,2011,36(12):515-529.
[12]林春野,何孟常.松花江沉积物金属元素含量、污染及地球化学特征[J].环境科学,2008,29(8):2123-2130.
[13]齐鹏,余树全.城市地表水表层沉积物重金属污染特征与潜在生态风险评估:以永康市为例[J].环境科学,2015,36(12):4486-4493.
[14]丁涛,田英杰.杭州市河道底泥重金属污染评价与环保疏浚深度研究[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(3):911-917.
[15]吴光红,朱兆洲.天津城市排污河道沉积物中重金属含量及分布特征[J].环境科学,2008,29(2):413.
[16]Zahra A,Hashmi M Z,Malik R N,et al.Enrichment and geo-accumulation of heavy metals andrisk assessment of sediments of the Kurang Nallah—Feeding tributary of the Raw al Lake Reservoir,Pakistan[J].Science of The Total Environment,2014,470-471(0):925-933.
[17]肖永丽,付晓萍.上海市郊区河道底泥重金属污染状况评价[J].环境工程:增刊,2014,32:879-883
[18]谢文平,王少冰.珠江下游河段沉积物中重金属含量及污染评价[J].环境科学学报,2012,33(6):1808-1815.
[19]Yi Y,Yang Z,Zhang S.Ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in sediment and human health risk assessment of heavy metals in fishes in the middle and low er reaches of the Yangtze River basin[J].Environmental Pollution,2011,159(10):2575-2585.
[20]路书玉.环境影响评价[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2002:163-164.
[21]陈明,蔡青云.水体沉积物重金属污染风险评价研究进展[J].生态环境学报,2015,24(6):1069-1074.
[22]贾振邦,汪安.用脸谱图对太子河本溪市区段河流沉积物中重金属污染进行评价的研究[J].北京大学学报:自然科学版,1993,29(6):736-744.
[23]Cheng J,Li X D,Hua R M,et al.Distribution and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in sediments of Chaohu Lake[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2008,27(4):1403-1408.
[24]Niu H,Deng W,Wu Q,et al.Potential toxic risk of heavy metals from sediment of the Pearl River in South China[J].Journal of Environmental Sciences,2009,21(8):1053-1058.
[25]叶润,刘芳竹.微波消解-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定大米中铜、锰、铁、锌、钙、镁、钾、钠8种元素[J].食品科学,2014,35(6):117-120.
[26]Tang W,Shan B,Zhang H,et al.Heavy metal sources and associated risk in response to agricultural intensification in the estuarine sediments of Chaohu Lake Valley,East China[J].Journal of Hazardous M aterials,2010 J 76(I):945-951.
[27]弓晓峰,陈春丽.鄱阳湖底泥中重金属污染现状评价[J].环境科学,2006,27(4):732-736.
[28]万金宝,王建水.乐安河沉积物重金属污染现状评价[J]..环境科学与技术,2008,31(11):130-133.
[29]张跃军,孙彬.乡村内河沉积物中的重金属污染评价及资源化利用[J].农业环境科学学报,2008,27(4):1398-1402.
[30]李志萍,马超振.太子河沉积物重金属污染地积累指数法评价[J].环境科学学报,2012,33(6):1808-1815.
[31]中国环境监测总站.中国土壤元素背景值[M]北京:中国环境科学出版社,1990:87-256.