棉花形态性状质量遗传分析与基因定位研究进展
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摘要
棉花质量性状的遗传分析和基因定位,对棉花育种工作者设计和培育新品种,提高育种效率,创新种质资源都有重要指导作用。棉花质量性状的研究始于20世纪初期,但都是基于形态上的观察。近年来,棉花基因组学研究的不断深入和分子标记遗传图谱的不断完善,为定位克隆棉花重要质量性状基因提供了便利。迄今为止,研究人员已对大部分质量性状基因进行了遗传连锁分析或染色体定位,其中部分质量性状的候选基因也已被鉴定出来。本文主要从质量性状遗传分析、分子标记定位和候选基因克隆几个方面系统地综述了植株颜色、叶片颜色、叶型、苞叶、花、蜜腺、腺体和纤维8类质量性状,为进一步研究棉花质量性状形成的分子机理和调控机制、定向转移基因及基因聚合育种等提供参考。
Genetic analysis and molecular mapping of qualitative traits are important tools in cotton breeding. Research on cotton qualitative traits has been reported since the early 1900 s. Rapid advances in cotton genomics and molecular mapping over the past several years have facilitated the mapping and cloning of important qualitative trait genes in cotton. Although most of the101 genes and alleles related to cotton morphological qualitative traits have not been mapped to linkage groups or chromosomes,several genes have been cloned and identified via map-based cloning. This paper describes research progress on the genetic and linkage analysis, molecular mapping, and candidate gene cloning of eight major types of morphological qualitative traits: plant color, leaf color, leaf shape, bract, flower, nectary, gland, and fiber characteristics. The presented information lays a foundation for studying the molecular basis of qualitative traits, favorable gene-based transfer, and gene pyramiding in cotton.
Genetic analysis and molecular mapping of qualitative traits are important tools in cotton breeding. Research on cotton qualitative traits has been reported since the early 1900 s. Rapid advances in cotton genomics and molecular mapping over the past several years have facilitated the mapping and cloning of important qualitative trait genes in cotton. Although most of the101 genes and alleles related to cotton morphological qualitative traits have not been mapped to linkage groups or chromosomes,several genes have been cloned and identified via map-based cloning. This paper describes research progress on the genetic and linkage analysis, molecular mapping, and candidate gene cloning of eight major types of morphological qualitative traits: plant color, leaf color, leaf shape, bract, flower, nectary, gland, and fiber characteristics. The presented information lays a foundation for studying the molecular basis of qualitative traits, favorable gene-based transfer, and gene pyramiding in cotton.
引文
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[3]赵佳.陆地棉亚红株(Rs)候选基因的克隆和功能分析[D].重庆:西南大学, 2014.Zhao Jia. Cloning and functional analyses of sub-red(Rs)candidate gene in upland cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.)[D].Chongqing:Southwest University, 2014.
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[5] Mac Michael S C. Occurrence of the dwarf-red character in upland cotton[J]. Journal of Agricultural Research, 1942, 64(8):477-481.
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[7]田明爽,宋美珍,范术丽,等.植物叶绿素缺失突变体分子机制研究进展[J].西北植物学报, 2011, 31(9):1900-1907.Tian Mingshuang, Song Meizhen, Fan Shuli, et al. Advance in research of molecular mechanism of chlorophyll-deficient mutants in plants[J]. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica, 2011, 31(9):1900-1907.
[8] Turcotte E L, Feaster C V. Inheritance of three genes for plant color in American pima cotton[J]. Crop Science, 1978, 18(1):149-150.
[9] Rhyne C L. The inheritance of yellow-green, a possible mutation in cotton[J]. Genetics, 1955, 40(2):235-245.
[10] Murray J C, Brinkerhoff L A. Inheritance of a pale-green color mutant in cotton[J]. Crop Science, 1966, 6(4):375.
[11] Zhu J, Chen J, Gao F, et al. Rapid mapping and cloning of the virescent-1 gene in cotton by bulked segregant analysis-next generation sequencing and virus-induced gene silencing strategies[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2017, 68(15):4125-4135.
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