云冷杉天然针阔混交林合理经营密度研究
|
摘要
[目的]评价云冷杉针阔混交林不同径级层的合理经营密度范围。[方法]以长白山云冷杉针阔混交林为研究对象,利用林分平均胸径和树冠面积建立的最大密度模型和半峰宽原理,求得大、中、小不同径级林分的合理经营密度。[结果](1)树冠面积方程方面,云杉、冷杉、红松以二次函数为主,阔叶树种组以线性方程为主,模型的有效区间胸径应在[5, 70]之间;(2)指数函数对于拟合平均胸径与不同径级层最大密度关系较好,但决定系数R~2仅在0.5～0.6之间(P<0.05);(3)小、中、大径级层合理经营密度范围分别为0.403N_(max)～1.619N_(max)、0.523N_(max)～1.754N_(max)、 0.478N_(max)～1.307N_(max)。[结论]合理经营密度株数配比在6∶3∶1、5∶3∶2、5∶4∶1等比例之间变化,且经营指数的频数分布符合正态分布。
[Objective] Present study was proposed to establish optimal stand-density models for spruce-fir forest management. [Methods] Stand-density models were developed by calculating crown-area and mean diameter at breast height(DBH) of spruce-fir mixed forest coupled with peak width at half height of forests to evaluate the range of optimal density of different diameter class layers in Changbai Mountain. [Results] The results were shown that:(1) quadratic equation could be employed to determine the crown-area function of Abies nephoriepis, Picea jezoensis, and Pinus Koraiensis, while deciduous species were evaluated accurately with linear equation;(2) exponential equation was more fitting for the relationships between various diameter class layers and mean DBH, however, the range of determination coefficient was only 0.5～0.6 with significance index less than 0.05;(3) the ranges of optimal stand-density of small, medium, and large diameter class layers were determined as 0.403N_(max)～1.619N_(max), 0.523N_(max)～1.754N_(max), and 0.478N_(max)～1.307N_(max), while the proportion of numbers of trees were 6∶3∶1, 5∶3∶2, 5∶4∶1, respectively. [Conclusion] Frequency distribution of management indexes of spruce-fir forest conformed to normal distribution.
[Objective] Present study was proposed to establish optimal stand-density models for spruce-fir forest management. [Methods] Stand-density models were developed by calculating crown-area and mean diameter at breast height(DBH) of spruce-fir mixed forest coupled with peak width at half height of forests to evaluate the range of optimal density of different diameter class layers in Changbai Mountain. [Results] The results were shown that:(1) quadratic equation could be employed to determine the crown-area function of Abies nephoriepis, Picea jezoensis, and Pinus Koraiensis, while deciduous species were evaluated accurately with linear equation;(2) exponential equation was more fitting for the relationships between various diameter class layers and mean DBH, however, the range of determination coefficient was only 0.5～0.6 with significance index less than 0.05;(3) the ranges of optimal stand-density of small, medium, and large diameter class layers were determined as 0.403N_(max)～1.619N_(max), 0.523N_(max)～1.754N_(max), and 0.478N_(max)～1.307N_(max), while the proportion of numbers of trees were 6∶3∶1, 5∶3∶2, 5∶4∶1, respectively. [Conclusion] Frequency distribution of management indexes of spruce-fir forest conformed to normal distribution.
引文
[1]Ducey M J, Knapp R A. A stand density index for complex mixed species forests in the northeastern United States[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2010, 260(9): 1613-1622.
[2]张连金,惠刚盈,孙长忠. 不同林分密度指标的比较研究[J]. 福建林学院学报,2011,31(3): 257-261.
[3]张日升,肖巍,于红军,等. 沙地樟子松人工林合理经营密度的研究[J],辽宁林业科技, 2014(4): 12-15.
[4]张建军,贺维,纳磊. 黄土区刺槐和油松水土保持林合理经营密度的研究[J],中国水土保持科学, 2007(2): 55-59.
[5]Imada M, Kunisaki T, Mizoue N, et al. Optimum planting density for Japanese oak (Quercus mongolica var.grosseserrata) based on spacing experiment with systematic design[J]. Journal of Forest Research,1997, 2(2): 89-93.
[6]冯秋红,吴晓龙,徐峥静茹,等. 密度调控对川西山地云杉人工林地被物及土壤水文特征的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2018,42(1): 98-104.
[7]高慧淋,董利虎,李凤日. 基于分位数回归的长白落叶松人工林最大密度线[J]. 应用生态学报,2016(11): 3420-3426.
[8]靳爱仙,周国英,史大林,等. 马尾松人工林碳储量密度控制图的编制[J]. 西北林学院学报, 2009,24(3): 54-57.
[9]翟洪波,殷建伟,魏晓霞. 半干旱地区华北落叶松人工林合理经营密度探讨——以塞罕坝机械林场为例[J]. 林业资源管理,2006(3): 48-50.
[10]韩辉,张学利,党宏忠,等. 基于树干液流通量的沙地樟子松合理林分密度的确定[J]. 林业科学研究,2015,28(6): 797-803.
[11]巨文珍,王新杰,付尧,等. 长白落叶松林冠空隙度随林木因子的变化[J]. 东北林业大学学报, 2010, 38(7): 1-4.
[12]雷相东,张则路,陈晓光. 长白落叶松等几个树种冠幅预测模型的研究[J]. 北京林业大学学报,2006, 28(6): 75-79.
[13]林业部. 森林资源规划设计调查主要技术规定[Z]. 北京: 中国林业出版社, 2003:17.
[14]孟宪宇. 测树学[M]. 北京: 中国林业出版社, 2006:117-118.
[15]李仁昌. 高产杉木林分合理经营密度的研究[J]. 福建林学院学报. 1995(3): 272-276.
[16]俞新妥,林思祖. 计算机辅助造林设计系统[J]. 林业科学,1986,22(4): 337-346.
[17]张鹏,王新杰,高志雄,等. 将乐地区马尾松最优冠幅模型研究[J]. 西北林学院学报, 2015,30(4): 94-98.
[18]刘兆刚,舒扬,李凤日. 樟子松人工林一级枝条基径和枝长模型的研究[J]. 植物研究,2008,28(2): 244-248.
[19]Hemery G E, Savill P S, Pryor S N. Applications of the crown diameter-stem diameter relationship for different species of broadleaved trees[J]. Forest Ecology and Management,2005, 215(1): 285-294.
[20]梅光义,孙玉军,许昊. 杉木风景游憩林冠径与胸径关系研究[J]. 植物研究,2013,33(4): 416-420.
[21]亢新刚,胡文力,董景林,等. 过伐林区检查法经营针阔混交林林分结构动态[J]. 北京林业大学学报,2003, 25(6): 1-5.
[22]翟溟赜,余雁. 半干旱地区樟子松人工林合理经营密度研究——以三道河口林场为例[J]. 林业调查规划, 2017,42(5): 128-131.
[2]张连金,惠刚盈,孙长忠. 不同林分密度指标的比较研究[J]. 福建林学院学报,2011,31(3): 257-261.
[3]张日升,肖巍,于红军,等. 沙地樟子松人工林合理经营密度的研究[J],辽宁林业科技, 2014(4): 12-15.
[4]张建军,贺维,纳磊. 黄土区刺槐和油松水土保持林合理经营密度的研究[J],中国水土保持科学, 2007(2): 55-59.
[5]Imada M, Kunisaki T, Mizoue N, et al. Optimum planting density for Japanese oak (Quercus mongolica var.grosseserrata) based on spacing experiment with systematic design[J]. Journal of Forest Research,1997, 2(2): 89-93.
[6]冯秋红,吴晓龙,徐峥静茹,等. 密度调控对川西山地云杉人工林地被物及土壤水文特征的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2018,42(1): 98-104.
[7]高慧淋,董利虎,李凤日. 基于分位数回归的长白落叶松人工林最大密度线[J]. 应用生态学报,2016(11): 3420-3426.
[8]靳爱仙,周国英,史大林,等. 马尾松人工林碳储量密度控制图的编制[J]. 西北林学院学报, 2009,24(3): 54-57.
[9]翟洪波,殷建伟,魏晓霞. 半干旱地区华北落叶松人工林合理经营密度探讨——以塞罕坝机械林场为例[J]. 林业资源管理,2006(3): 48-50.
[10]韩辉,张学利,党宏忠,等. 基于树干液流通量的沙地樟子松合理林分密度的确定[J]. 林业科学研究,2015,28(6): 797-803.
[11]巨文珍,王新杰,付尧,等. 长白落叶松林冠空隙度随林木因子的变化[J]. 东北林业大学学报, 2010, 38(7): 1-4.
[12]雷相东,张则路,陈晓光. 长白落叶松等几个树种冠幅预测模型的研究[J]. 北京林业大学学报,2006, 28(6): 75-79.
[13]林业部. 森林资源规划设计调查主要技术规定[Z]. 北京: 中国林业出版社, 2003:17.
[14]孟宪宇. 测树学[M]. 北京: 中国林业出版社, 2006:117-118.
[15]李仁昌. 高产杉木林分合理经营密度的研究[J]. 福建林学院学报. 1995(3): 272-276.
[16]俞新妥,林思祖. 计算机辅助造林设计系统[J]. 林业科学,1986,22(4): 337-346.
[17]张鹏,王新杰,高志雄,等. 将乐地区马尾松最优冠幅模型研究[J]. 西北林学院学报, 2015,30(4): 94-98.
[18]刘兆刚,舒扬,李凤日. 樟子松人工林一级枝条基径和枝长模型的研究[J]. 植物研究,2008,28(2): 244-248.
[19]Hemery G E, Savill P S, Pryor S N. Applications of the crown diameter-stem diameter relationship for different species of broadleaved trees[J]. Forest Ecology and Management,2005, 215(1): 285-294.
[20]梅光义,孙玉军,许昊. 杉木风景游憩林冠径与胸径关系研究[J]. 植物研究,2013,33(4): 416-420.
[21]亢新刚,胡文力,董景林,等. 过伐林区检查法经营针阔混交林林分结构动态[J]. 北京林业大学学报,2003, 25(6): 1-5.
[22]翟溟赜,余雁. 半干旱地区樟子松人工林合理经营密度研究——以三道河口林场为例[J]. 林业调查规划, 2017,42(5): 128-131.