一种适用于欠压实成因的地层孔隙流体压力预测技术
|
摘要
为了提高基于欠压实成因机制的地层孔隙流体压力预测的准确性,这里从提高地震层速度场的计算精度的角度出发,提出了一种高精度地层孔隙流体压力预测技术。①该技术针对浅部地层(无测井曲线的地层段)采用三维约束DIX反演方法和叠加速度体、层位数据计算浅部地层的地震层速度体;②针对中深层地层(有测井曲线的地层段)采用叠后波阻抗反演方法和叠后三维地震数据体、测井数据、层位数据计算中深层地层的地震层速度;③沿着研究区的某一浅部地层分界面将浅部地层与中深层地层的地震层速度体进行拼接处理,得到一个完整的地震层速度体;④采用"Fillippone方法+Eaton方法"的组合方法进行三维地层孔隙流体压力预测。某区页岩气地层的实际计算结果验证了该技术的正确性与可靠性,其预测的地层孔隙流体压力与实钻井一致,且目的层的地层孔隙压力平面分布特征与地质认识一致,有助于指导研究区后续的勘探与开发。
In order to improve calculation precision of pore pressure prediction for uncompacted formation, this paper proposes a high precision pore pressure prediction method based on high precision seismic interval velocity. The first step of the method is to calculate seismic interval velocity of shallow layers by using 3 D constrained DIX inversion method with stack velocity data and seismic horizon data, and the shallow layers have no logging data. The second step of the method is to calculate seismic interval velocity of middle-deep layers by using post-stack impedance inversion method with 3 D seismic data, logging data and seismic horizon data. The third step is to splice the two different kinds of seismic interval velocity along a special shallow layer, and obtain a complete seismic interval velocity field. The fourth step is to calculate pore pressure by using a combined method of "Fillippone method + Eaton's method". The results show that the proposed method can obtain accurate values of pore pressure which is consistent with the measured values, and the calculated plane distribution characteristics of pore pressure is consistent with geological results.
In order to improve calculation precision of pore pressure prediction for uncompacted formation, this paper proposes a high precision pore pressure prediction method based on high precision seismic interval velocity. The first step of the method is to calculate seismic interval velocity of shallow layers by using 3 D constrained DIX inversion method with stack velocity data and seismic horizon data, and the shallow layers have no logging data. The second step of the method is to calculate seismic interval velocity of middle-deep layers by using post-stack impedance inversion method with 3 D seismic data, logging data and seismic horizon data. The third step is to splice the two different kinds of seismic interval velocity along a special shallow layer, and obtain a complete seismic interval velocity field. The fourth step is to calculate pore pressure by using a combined method of "Fillippone method + Eaton's method". The results show that the proposed method can obtain accurate values of pore pressure which is consistent with the measured values, and the calculated plane distribution characteristics of pore pressure is consistent with geological results.
引文
[1] 云美厚. 地震地层压力预测[J].石油地球物理勘探,1996,31(4):575-586.YUN M H. Formation pressure prediction us-ing seismic data[J].Oil Geophysical Prospec-ting,1996,31(4):575-586.(In Chinese)
[2] 孙武亮,孙开峰. 地震地层压力预测综述[J]. 勘探地球物理进展,2007,30(6):428-432.SUN W L,SUN K F. A review of seismic formation pressure prediction[J].Progress in Explor-ation Geophysics,2007,30(6):428-432. (In Chinese)
[3] 魏茂安,陈潮,王延江,等. 地层孔隙压力预测新方法[J].石油与天然气地质,2007,28(3):395-400.WEI M A,CHEN C,WANG Y J,et al. N-ew approach for pore pressure prediction[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2007,28(3):395-400.(In Chinese)
[4] YU F, JIN Y, CHEN M, et al. Discussion on a formation pore pressure detection method for carbonate rocks based on the Thin plate Theory[J]. Petroleum Drilling Techniques, 2014 (5): 57-61.
[5] 张传进. 地震层速度预测地层压力研究[J].石油钻采工艺,1998,20(2):14-17.ZHANG C J. Study on prediction of formati-on pressure by seismic layer velocity[J].Oil Dri-Lling & Production Technology,1998,20(2):14-17.(In Chinese)
[6] 王英民,夏广胜,雷振宇,等. 基于地震速度谱的深水区地层压力预测[J].油气地球物理,2011,9(1):15-18.WANG Y M,XIA G S,LEI Z Y,et al. Formation pressure prediction in the deep-water area based on seismic velocity spectru-m[J].Petroleum Geophysics,2011,9(1):15-18. (In Chinese)
[7] 周东红,熊晓军. 一种高精度地层压力预测方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2014,49(2):344-348.ZHOU D H,XIONG X J. High precisio-n prediction method for formation pressure[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2014,49(2):344-348.(In Chinese)
[8] 王玉柱,孟召平,郭锐,等.华南古生界页岩储层压力预测方法及其应用研究[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(10):2631-2637.WANG Y Z,MENG Z P,GUO R,et al. Pore pressure prediction of paleozoic shale res-erveoir in Southern China and its application[J]. Jour-nal of China Coal Society,2016,41(10):2631-2637.(In Chinese)
[9] KOREN Z, RAVVE I. Constrained velocity inve-rsion[C]. Expanded Abstracts of 75th Annual Internat-ional SEG Meeting, 2005:2289-2292.
[10] 杨绍国,杨长春. 一种基于模型的波阻抗反演方法[J].物探化探计算技术,1999,21(4):338-341.YANG S G,YANG C C. A model-based impedance inversion[J].Computing Techniques for Giophysical and Geochenical Exploration,1999,21(4):338-341.(In Chinese)
[11] 张水山,熊晓军,刘阳,等.基于综合信息的三维层速度场建立及其在涪陵页岩气田应用研究[J].石油物探,2018,57(1):122-128.ZHANG S S,XIONG X J,LIU Y,et al.three-dimensional interval velocity building based on comprehensive data analysis and its application in fuling shale gas field exploration[J]. Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2018,57(1):122-128.(In Chinese)
[2] 孙武亮,孙开峰. 地震地层压力预测综述[J]. 勘探地球物理进展,2007,30(6):428-432.SUN W L,SUN K F. A review of seismic formation pressure prediction[J].Progress in Explor-ation Geophysics,2007,30(6):428-432. (In Chinese)
[3] 魏茂安,陈潮,王延江,等. 地层孔隙压力预测新方法[J].石油与天然气地质,2007,28(3):395-400.WEI M A,CHEN C,WANG Y J,et al. N-ew approach for pore pressure prediction[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2007,28(3):395-400.(In Chinese)
[4] YU F, JIN Y, CHEN M, et al. Discussion on a formation pore pressure detection method for carbonate rocks based on the Thin plate Theory[J]. Petroleum Drilling Techniques, 2014 (5): 57-61.
[5] 张传进. 地震层速度预测地层压力研究[J].石油钻采工艺,1998,20(2):14-17.ZHANG C J. Study on prediction of formati-on pressure by seismic layer velocity[J].Oil Dri-Lling & Production Technology,1998,20(2):14-17.(In Chinese)
[6] 王英民,夏广胜,雷振宇,等. 基于地震速度谱的深水区地层压力预测[J].油气地球物理,2011,9(1):15-18.WANG Y M,XIA G S,LEI Z Y,et al. Formation pressure prediction in the deep-water area based on seismic velocity spectru-m[J].Petroleum Geophysics,2011,9(1):15-18. (In Chinese)
[7] 周东红,熊晓军. 一种高精度地层压力预测方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2014,49(2):344-348.ZHOU D H,XIONG X J. High precisio-n prediction method for formation pressure[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2014,49(2):344-348.(In Chinese)
[8] 王玉柱,孟召平,郭锐,等.华南古生界页岩储层压力预测方法及其应用研究[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(10):2631-2637.WANG Y Z,MENG Z P,GUO R,et al. Pore pressure prediction of paleozoic shale res-erveoir in Southern China and its application[J]. Jour-nal of China Coal Society,2016,41(10):2631-2637.(In Chinese)
[9] KOREN Z, RAVVE I. Constrained velocity inve-rsion[C]. Expanded Abstracts of 75th Annual Internat-ional SEG Meeting, 2005:2289-2292.
[10] 杨绍国,杨长春. 一种基于模型的波阻抗反演方法[J].物探化探计算技术,1999,21(4):338-341.YANG S G,YANG C C. A model-based impedance inversion[J].Computing Techniques for Giophysical and Geochenical Exploration,1999,21(4):338-341.(In Chinese)
[11] 张水山,熊晓军,刘阳,等.基于综合信息的三维层速度场建立及其在涪陵页岩气田应用研究[J].石油物探,2018,57(1):122-128.ZHANG S S,XIONG X J,LIU Y,et al.three-dimensional interval velocity building based on comprehensive data analysis and its application in fuling shale gas field exploration[J]. Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2018,57(1):122-128.(In Chinese)