西藏首例云英岩型钨矿——甲岗雪山W-Mo多金属矿床地质特征研究
|
摘要
甲岗雪山W-Mo多金属矿床位于西藏自治区申扎县境内,地处冈底斯北部,成矿时代为中新世。矿床与矿区内的二长花岗岩体时空关系紧密,矿区内的围岩蚀变普遍见云英岩化,并且云英岩化强烈的地方多伴随强烈的钨钼矿化;矿体的类型以云英岩型为主,还有少量石英脉型,矿石又多呈细脉状或浸染状赋存于云英岩或云英岩化二长花岗岩体内部,证实了矿床的成因类型为云英岩型。依据野外见到的矿物共生组合、脉体穿切关系等,可将成矿期划分为硅酸盐-氧化物阶段和硫化物阶段。流体包裹体研究表明,甲岗雪山W-Mo多金属矿床主成矿期的成矿流体为中-高温、中-低盐度的流体,从主成矿期的硅酸盐-氧化物阶段演化到硫化物阶段,成矿流体的温度下降明显,盐度也有所下降。
The Jiagangxueshan W-Mo polymetallic deposit in Xainza County of Tibet is located in northern Gangdise belt, and its metallogenic time is Miocene. The deposit is closely related to the monzogranite located at the center of the deposit temporally and spatially. Greisenzation is the commonest wall rock alteration, and the positions where there exist intense greisenzations usually have relatively good mineralization. The types of orebodies are mainly greisen-type and subordinately quartz vein-type. Moreover, mineralization styles are dominantly veinlet and dissemination forms, and W-Mo ores usually occur in greisen or greisenized monzogranite. In conclusion,the genetic type of Jiagangxueshan W-Mo polymetallic deposit is greisen-type. Based on mineral assemblages and crosscutting relationships, the ore-forming stages may consist of an early silicate-oxide stage, followed by a sulfide stage. The microthermometric study of fluid inclusions shows that the W-Mo mineralization is relevant to ore-forming fluids at moderate to high temperature and low-middle salinity. From the silicate-oxide stage to sulfide stage, the temperature of the ore-forming fluids decreased obviously and the salinity decreased slightly as well.
The Jiagangxueshan W-Mo polymetallic deposit in Xainza County of Tibet is located in northern Gangdise belt, and its metallogenic time is Miocene. The deposit is closely related to the monzogranite located at the center of the deposit temporally and spatially. Greisenzation is the commonest wall rock alteration, and the positions where there exist intense greisenzations usually have relatively good mineralization. The types of orebodies are mainly greisen-type and subordinately quartz vein-type. Moreover, mineralization styles are dominantly veinlet and dissemination forms, and W-Mo ores usually occur in greisen or greisenized monzogranite. In conclusion,the genetic type of Jiagangxueshan W-Mo polymetallic deposit is greisen-type. Based on mineral assemblages and crosscutting relationships, the ore-forming stages may consist of an early silicate-oxide stage, followed by a sulfide stage. The microthermometric study of fluid inclusions shows that the W-Mo mineralization is relevant to ore-forming fluids at moderate to high temperature and low-middle salinity. From the silicate-oxide stage to sulfide stage, the temperature of the ore-forming fluids decreased obviously and the salinity decreased slightly as well.
引文
Allègre C J,Courtillot V,Taponnier P,et al.1984.Structure and evolution of the Himalaya-Tibet orogenic belt[J].Nature,307:17~22.
Chung S L,Chu M F,Zhang Y Q,et al.2005.Tibetan tectonic evolution inferred from spatial and temporal variations in post-collisional magmatism[J].Earth Science Reviews,68:173~196.
Du Denghu,Yang Zhiming,Li Qiuyun,et al.2012.Geological significance of determination of Eocene porphyritic monzogranite intrusions at Tinggong,Tibet[J].Mineral Deposits,31(4):745~757(in Chinese with English abstract).
Du Denghu,Yang Zhiming,Liu Yunfei,et al.2015.Geology,alteration and mineralization of the Tinggong porphyry Cu deposit in southern Tibet[J].Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica,34(4):447~474(in Chi nese with English abstract).
Feng Chengyou,Huang Fan,Zeng Zailin,et al.2011.Isotopic chronology of Jiulongnao granite and Hongshuizhai greisens-type tungsten deposit in South Jiangxi Province[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),41(1):111~121(in Chinese with English abstract).
Fu Qiang,Huang Kexian,Zheng Yuanchuan,et al.2015.Ar-Ar age of muscovite from skarn orebody of the Meng Ya'a lead-zinc deposit in Tibet,and its geodynamic significance[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,89(3):569~582(in Chinese with English abstract).
Fu Qiang,Yang Zhusen,Zheng Yuanchuan,et al.2013.Zircon U-Pb ages,Hf isotope and geochemistry of granodiorite in the Jialapu deposit,Tibet[J].Mineral Deposits,32(3):564~578(in Chinese with English abstract).
Fu Qiang,Yang Zhusen,Zheng Yuanchuan,et al.2014.Ar-Ar age of phlogopite from the Longmala copper-iron-lead-zinc deposit in Tibet and its geodynamic significance[J].Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica,33(2):283~293(in Chinese with English abstract).
Ge Liangsheng,Zou Yilin,Xing Junbing,et al.2004.Discovery of the Jaggang Snow Mountain tungsten-molybdenum-copper-gold polymetallic occurrence in the northern part of the Gangdise block,Tibet[J].Geological Bulletin of China,23(9~10):1 033~1 039(in Chinese with English abstract).
Hall D L,Sterner S M and Bodnar R J.1988.Freezing point depression of Na Cl-KCl-H2O solutions[J].Economic Geology,83:197~202.
Hou Z Q and Cook N J.2009.Metallogenesis of the Tibetan collisional orogen:A review and introduction to the special issue[J].Ore Geology Reviews,36(1):2~24.
Hou Zengqian,LüQingtian,Wang Anjian,et al.2003.Continental collision and related metallogeny:A case study of mineralization in Tibetan orogen[J].Mineral Deposits,22(4):319~333(in Chinese with English abstract).
Hou Zengqian,Mo Xuanxue,Yang Zhiming,et al.2006a.Metallogeneses in the collisional orogen of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau:Tectonic setting,tempo-spatial distribution and ore deposit types[J].Geology in China,33(2):340~351(in Chinese with English abstract).
Hou Zengqian,Pan Guitang,Wang Anjian,et al.2006c.Metallogenesis in Tibetan collisional orogenic belt:II.Mineralization in late-collisional transformation setting[J].Mineral Deposits,25(5):521~543(in Chinese with English abstract).
Hou Zengqian,Qu Xiaoming,Yang Zhusen,et al.2006d.Metallogenesis in Tibetan collisional orogenic belt:III.Mineralization in post-co llisional extension setting[J].Mineral Deposits,25(6):629~651(in Chinese with English abstract).
Hou Z Q,Yang Z M,Lu Y J,et al.2015.A genetic linkage between subduction-and collision-related porphyry Cu deposits in continental collision zones[J].Geology,43(3):247~250.
Hou Zengqian,Yang Zhusen,Xu Wenyi,et al.2006b.Metallogenesis in Tibetan collisional orogenic belt:I.Mineralization in main collisional orogenic setting[J].Mineral Deposits,25(4):337~358(in Chinese with English abstract).
Hou Z Q,Zheng Y C,Yang Z M,et al.2013.Contribution of mantle components within juvenile lower-crust to collisional zone porphyry Cu systems in Tibet[J].Mineralium Deposita,48(2):173~192.
Huang Kexian,Zheng Yuanchuan,Zhang Song,et al.2012.LA-ICP-MSzircon U-Pb dating of two types of porphyry in the Yaguila mining area,Tibet[J].Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica,31(3):348~360(in Chinese with English abstract).
Ji Xianhua,Yang Zhusen,Yu Yushuai,et al.2012.Formation mechanism of magmatic rocks in Narusongduo lead-zinc deposit of Tibet:Evidence from magmatic zircon[J].Mineral Deposits,31(4):758~774(in Chinese with English abstract).
Kang Yongfu and Li Chongyou.1991.Geological characteristics,types and distribution of tungsten deposits in China[J].Mineral Deposits,10(1):19~26(in Chinese with English abstract).
Li X F,Wang C Z,Mao W,et al.2014.The fault-controlled skarn W-Mo polymentallic mineralization during the main India-Eurasia collision:Example form Hahaigang deposit of Gangdese metallogenic belt of Tibet[J].Ore Geology Reviews,58:27~40.
Li Yingxu,Xie Yuling,Chen Wei,et al.2011.U-Pb age and geochemical characteristics of zircon in monnzogranite porphyry from Qiagong deposit,Tibet,and geological implication[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,27(7):2 023~2 033(in Chinese with English abstract).
Lu Huanzhang,Fan Hongrui,Ni Pei,et al.2004.Fluid Inclusion[M].Beijing:Science Press,406~419(in Chinese).
Luo Mei,Pan Fengchu,Li Juchu,et al.2014.Metallogenic series study of ore deposits in the Tibet Qiangtang-Sanjiang district[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,88(12):2 556~2 571(in Chinese with English abstract).
Mao Jingwen,Xie Guiqing,Guo Chunli,et al.2007.Large-scale tungsten-tin mineralization in the Nanling region,South China:Metallogenic ages and corresponding geodynamic processes[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,23(10):2 329~2 338(in Chinese with English abstract).
Roedder E.1984.Fluid Inclusions[M].Mineralogical Society of America,Reviews in Mineralogy,12:1~644.
Tang Juxing,Wang Denghong,Wang Xiongwu,et al.2010.Geological features and metallogenic model of the Jiama copper-polymetallic deposit in Tibet[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,31(4):495~506(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang R,Richards J P,Hou Z Q,et al.2014a.Increased magmatic water content-the key to Oligo-Miocene porphyry Cu-Mo±Au formation in the eastern Gangdese belt,Tibet[J].Economic Geology,109:1 315~1 339.
Wang R,Richards J P,Hou Z Q,et al.2014b.Increasing magmatic oxidation state from Paleocene to Miocene in the Eastern Gangdese Belt,Tibet:implication for collision-related porphyry Cu-Mo±Au mineralization[J].Economic Geology,109:1 943~1 965.
Wang Xudong,Ni Pei,Jiang Shaoyong,et al.2008.Fluid inclusion study on the Piaotang tungsten deposit,Southern Jiangxi Province,China[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,24(9):2 163~2 170(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang Xudong,Ni Pei,Yuan Shunda,et al.2013.Fluid inclusion studies of Dajishan tungsten deposit in Jiangxi Province[J].Mineral Deposits,32(2):308~322(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang Zhihua,Wang Keqiang,Yu Wanqiang,et al.2006a.Re-Os isotopic ages of tungsten-molybdenum(bismuth)poly-metallic ore deposit in the Jiagang snowy mountain,Shenzha County,Tibet and the implications[J].Geology of Anhui,16(2):112~116(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang Zhihua,Wu Xingquan,Wang Keqiang,et al.2006b.Geochemical characteristics of the Garuo monzogranite in the Jaggang Xueshan W-Mo(-Bi)district,southwestern Xainza,Tibet,China[J].Geological Bulletin of China,25(12):1 487~1 491(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wei W F,Hu R Z,Bi X W,et al.2012.Infrared microthermometric and stable isotopic study of fluid inclusions in wolframite at the Xihuashan tungsten deposit,Jiangxi province,China[J].Miner Deposita,47:589~605.
Xu Xiaoqin.2013.Geological features and prospecting potential of the Na'a W deposit in Zayü,Tibet[J].Acta Geologica Sichuan,33(2):177~180(in Chinese with English abstract).
Yang Zhiming,Hou Zengqian,Song Yucai,et al.2008.Qulong superlarge porphyry Cu deposit in Tibet:Geology,alteration and mineralization[J].Mineral Deposits,27(3):279~318(in Chinese with English abstract).
Yang Z M,Hou Z Q,White N C,et al.2009.Geology of the post-collisional porphyry copper-molybdenum deposit at Qulong,Tibet[J].Ore Geology Reviews,36:133~159.
Yang Z M,Lu Y J,Hou Z Q,et al.2015.High-Mg diorite from Qulong in southern Tibet:implications for the genesis of adakite-like intrusions and associated porphyry Cu deposits in collisional orogens[J].Journal of Petrology,56(2):227~254.
Yang Zhiming,Xie Yuling,Li Guangming,et al.2005.Study of fluid inclusions from Tinggong porphyry copper deposit in Gangdese belt,Tibet[J].Mineral Deposits,24(6):584~594(in Chinese with English abstract).
Yin A and Harrison T M.2000.Geologic evolution of the Himalayan Tibetan Orogen[J].Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences,28:211~280.
Yu Yushuai,Yang Zhusen,Duo Ji,et al.2011.Age and petrogenesis of magmatic rocks from Jiaduobule skarn Fe-Cu deposit in Tibet:Evidence from zircon SHRIMP U-Pb dating,Hf isotope and REE[J].Mineral Deposits,30(3):420~434(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang Ligang.1985.Hydrogen,oxygen,sulfur and carbon isotope geochemistry of the Lianhuashan porphyry type tungsten deposit[J].Mineral Deposits,4(1):54~63(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhao Xiaoyan,Yang Zhusen,Hou Zengqian,et al.2013.Petrogenesis of diabase porphyrite in Bangpu deposit of Tibet and its instructions to the regional tectonic and magmatic evolution[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,29(11):3 767~3 778(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhao Xiaoyan,Yang Zhusen,Liu Yingchao,et al.2015.Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf isotope compositions of porphyritic monzogranite and Rb-Sr isochron age of sphalerite-pyrite at the Bangpu porphyry-skarn deposit[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,89(3):522~533(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhao X Y,Yang Z S,Zheng Y C,et al.2015.Geology and genesis of the post-collisional porphyry-skarn deposit at Bangpu,Tibet[J].Ore Geology Reviews,70:486~509.
Zheng Y C,Fu Q,Hou Z Q,et al.2015.Metallogeny of the northeastern Gangdese Pb-Zn-Ag-Fe-Mo-W polymetallic belt in the Lhasa terrane,southern Tibet[J].Ore Geology Reviews,70:510~532.
Zheng Y C,Hou Z Q,Gong Y L,et al.2014.Petrogenesis of Cretaceous adakite-like intrusions of the Gangdese Plutonic Belt,southern Tibet:Implications for mid-ocean ridge subduction and crustal growth[J].Lithos,190:240~263.
Zheng Y C,Hou Z Q,Li Q Y,et al.2012a.Origin of Late Oligocene adakitic intrusives in the southeastern Lhasa terrane,evidence from in situ zircon U-Pb dating,Hf-O isotopes,and whole-rock geochemistry[J].Lithos,148:296~311.
Zheng Y C,Hou Z Q,Li W,et al.2012b.Petrogenesis and geological implications of the Oligocene Chongmuda-Mingze adakite-like intrusions and their mafic enclaves,southern Tibet[J].Journal of Geology,120:647~669.
Zhu D C,Zhao Z D,Niu Y L,et al.2011.The Lhasa Terrane:record of a microcontinent and its histories of drift and growth[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,301:241~255.
Zhu D C,Zhao Z D,Niu Y L,et al.2013.The origin and pre-Cenozoic evolution of the Tibetan Plateau[J].Gondwana Research,23(4):1 429~1 454.
杜等虎,杨志明,李秋耘,等.2012.西藏厅宫矿区始新世斑岩的厘定及其地质意义[J].矿床地质,31(4):745~757.
杜等虎,杨志明,刘云飞,等.2015.西藏厅宫斑岩铜矿床地质、蚀变及矿化特征研究[J].岩石矿物学杂志,34(4):447~474.
丰成友,黄凡,曾载淋,等.2011.赣南九龙脑岩体及洪水寨云英岩型钨矿年代学[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),41(1):111~121.
付强,黄克贤,郑远川,等.2015.西藏蒙亚啊铅锌矿床矽卡岩型矿体白云母Ar-Ar年代学研究及其地球动力学意义[J].地质学报,89(3):569~582.
付强,杨竹森,郑远川,等.2013.加拉普铁矿区花岗闪长岩锆石U-Pb年龄、Hf同位素及地球化学研究[J].矿床地质,32(3):564~578.
付强,杨竹森,郑远川,等.2014.西藏龙马拉Cu-Fe-Pb-Zn多金属矿床金云母Ar-Ar定年及其地球动力学意义[J].岩石矿物学杂志,33(2):283~293.
葛良胜,邹依林,邢俊兵,等.2004.西藏冈底斯地块北部甲岗雪山钨钼铜金多金属矿产地的发现及意义[J].地质通报,23(9~10):1 033~1 039.
侯增谦,吕庆田,王安建,等.2003.初论陆-陆碰撞与成矿作用---以青藏高原造山带为例[J].矿床地质,22(4):319~333.
侯增谦,莫宣学,杨志明,等.2006a.青藏高原碰撞造山带成矿作用:构造背景、时空分布和主要类型[J].中国地质,33(2):340~351.
侯增谦,潘桂棠,王安建,等.2006c.青藏高原碰撞造山带:Ⅱ.晚碰撞转换成矿作用[J].矿床地质,25(5):521~543.
侯增谦,曲晓明,杨竹森,等.2006d.青藏高原碰撞造山带:Ⅲ.后碰撞伸展成矿作用[J].矿床地质,25(6):629~651.
侯增谦,杨竹森,徐文艺,等.2006b.青藏高原碰撞造山带:Ⅰ.主碰撞造山成矿作用[J].矿床地质,25(4):337~358.
黄克贤,郑远川,张松,等.2012.西藏亚贵拉矿区两期岩体LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年及地质意义[J].岩石矿物学杂志,31(3):348~360.
纪现华,杨竹森,于玉帅,等.2012.西藏纳如松多铅锌矿床成矿岩体形成机制:岩浆锆石证据[J].矿床地质,31(4):758~774.
康永孚,李崇佑.1991.中国钨矿床地质特征、类型及其分布[J].矿床地质,10(1):19~26.
李应栩,谢玉玲,陈伟,等.2011.西藏恰功铁矿二长花岗斑岩锆石的U-Pb年代学与地球化学特征及意义[J].岩石学报,27(7):2 023~2 033.
卢焕章,范宏瑞,倪培,等.2004.流体包裹体[M].北京:科学出版社,406~419.
罗梅,潘凤雏,李巨初,等.2014.西藏羌塘-三江区金属矿床成矿系列研究[J].地质学报,88(12):2 556~2 571.
毛景文,谢桂青,郭春丽,等.2007.南岭地区大规模钨锡多金属成矿作用:成矿时限及地球动力学背景[J].岩石学报,23(10):2 329~2 338.
唐菊兴,王登红,汪雄武,等.2010.西藏甲玛铜多金属矿矿床地质特征及其矿床模型[J].地球学报,31(4):495~506.
王旭东,倪培,蒋少涌,等.2008.赣南漂塘钨矿流体包裹体研究[J].岩石学报,24(9):2 163~2 170.
王旭东,倪培,袁顺达,等.2013.江西大吉山钨多金属矿床流体包裹体研究[J].矿床地质,32(2):308~322.
王治华,王科强,喻万强,等.2006a.西藏申扎县甲岗雪山钨钼(铋)多金属矿床的Re-Os同位素年龄及其意义[J].安徽地质,16(2):112~116.
王治华,吴兴泉,王科强,等.2006b.西藏申扎西南部甲岗雪山钨钼(铋)矿区嘎若二长花岗岩体的地球化学特征[J].地质通报,25(12):1 487~1 491.
徐小勤.2013.西藏察隅县那阿钨床成矿地质特征与找矿前景[J].四川地质学报,33(2):177~180.
杨志明,侯增谦,宋玉财,等.2008.西藏驱龙超大型斑岩铜矿床:地质、蚀变与成矿[J].矿床地质,27(3):279~318.
杨志明,谢玉玲,李光明,等.2005.西藏冈底斯斑岩铜矿带厅宫铜矿床流体包裹体研究[J].矿床地质,24(6):584~594.
于玉帅,杨竹森,多吉,等.2011.西藏加多捕勒铁铜矿成矿岩体时代与成因:锆石U-Pb年龄、Hf同位素与稀土元素证据[J].矿床地质,30(3):420~434.
张理刚.1985.莲花山斑岩型钨矿床的氢、氧、硫、碳和铅同位素地球化学[J].矿床地质,4(1):54~63.
赵晓燕,杨竹森,侯增谦,等.2013.西藏邦铺矿区辉绿玢岩成因及对区域构造岩浆演化的指示[J].岩石学报,29(11):3 767~3 778.
赵晓燕,杨竹森,刘英超,等.2015.西藏邦铺斑岩矽卡岩矿床二长花岗斑岩Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf同位素及闪锌矿黄铁矿Rb-Sr等时线年龄研究[J].地质学报,89(3):522~533.
(1)程立人,王天武,徐锋,等.2002.中华人民共和国1∶25万申扎县幅地质图.吉林大学地质调查院.
Chung S L,Chu M F,Zhang Y Q,et al.2005.Tibetan tectonic evolution inferred from spatial and temporal variations in post-collisional magmatism[J].Earth Science Reviews,68:173~196.
Du Denghu,Yang Zhiming,Li Qiuyun,et al.2012.Geological significance of determination of Eocene porphyritic monzogranite intrusions at Tinggong,Tibet[J].Mineral Deposits,31(4):745~757(in Chinese with English abstract).
Du Denghu,Yang Zhiming,Liu Yunfei,et al.2015.Geology,alteration and mineralization of the Tinggong porphyry Cu deposit in southern Tibet[J].Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica,34(4):447~474(in Chi nese with English abstract).
Feng Chengyou,Huang Fan,Zeng Zailin,et al.2011.Isotopic chronology of Jiulongnao granite and Hongshuizhai greisens-type tungsten deposit in South Jiangxi Province[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),41(1):111~121(in Chinese with English abstract).
Fu Qiang,Huang Kexian,Zheng Yuanchuan,et al.2015.Ar-Ar age of muscovite from skarn orebody of the Meng Ya'a lead-zinc deposit in Tibet,and its geodynamic significance[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,89(3):569~582(in Chinese with English abstract).
Fu Qiang,Yang Zhusen,Zheng Yuanchuan,et al.2013.Zircon U-Pb ages,Hf isotope and geochemistry of granodiorite in the Jialapu deposit,Tibet[J].Mineral Deposits,32(3):564~578(in Chinese with English abstract).
Fu Qiang,Yang Zhusen,Zheng Yuanchuan,et al.2014.Ar-Ar age of phlogopite from the Longmala copper-iron-lead-zinc deposit in Tibet and its geodynamic significance[J].Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica,33(2):283~293(in Chinese with English abstract).
Ge Liangsheng,Zou Yilin,Xing Junbing,et al.2004.Discovery of the Jaggang Snow Mountain tungsten-molybdenum-copper-gold polymetallic occurrence in the northern part of the Gangdise block,Tibet[J].Geological Bulletin of China,23(9~10):1 033~1 039(in Chinese with English abstract).
Hall D L,Sterner S M and Bodnar R J.1988.Freezing point depression of Na Cl-KCl-H2O solutions[J].Economic Geology,83:197~202.
Hou Z Q and Cook N J.2009.Metallogenesis of the Tibetan collisional orogen:A review and introduction to the special issue[J].Ore Geology Reviews,36(1):2~24.
Hou Zengqian,LüQingtian,Wang Anjian,et al.2003.Continental collision and related metallogeny:A case study of mineralization in Tibetan orogen[J].Mineral Deposits,22(4):319~333(in Chinese with English abstract).
Hou Zengqian,Mo Xuanxue,Yang Zhiming,et al.2006a.Metallogeneses in the collisional orogen of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau:Tectonic setting,tempo-spatial distribution and ore deposit types[J].Geology in China,33(2):340~351(in Chinese with English abstract).
Hou Zengqian,Pan Guitang,Wang Anjian,et al.2006c.Metallogenesis in Tibetan collisional orogenic belt:II.Mineralization in late-collisional transformation setting[J].Mineral Deposits,25(5):521~543(in Chinese with English abstract).
Hou Zengqian,Qu Xiaoming,Yang Zhusen,et al.2006d.Metallogenesis in Tibetan collisional orogenic belt:III.Mineralization in post-co llisional extension setting[J].Mineral Deposits,25(6):629~651(in Chinese with English abstract).
Hou Z Q,Yang Z M,Lu Y J,et al.2015.A genetic linkage between subduction-and collision-related porphyry Cu deposits in continental collision zones[J].Geology,43(3):247~250.
Hou Zengqian,Yang Zhusen,Xu Wenyi,et al.2006b.Metallogenesis in Tibetan collisional orogenic belt:I.Mineralization in main collisional orogenic setting[J].Mineral Deposits,25(4):337~358(in Chinese with English abstract).
Hou Z Q,Zheng Y C,Yang Z M,et al.2013.Contribution of mantle components within juvenile lower-crust to collisional zone porphyry Cu systems in Tibet[J].Mineralium Deposita,48(2):173~192.
Huang Kexian,Zheng Yuanchuan,Zhang Song,et al.2012.LA-ICP-MSzircon U-Pb dating of two types of porphyry in the Yaguila mining area,Tibet[J].Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica,31(3):348~360(in Chinese with English abstract).
Ji Xianhua,Yang Zhusen,Yu Yushuai,et al.2012.Formation mechanism of magmatic rocks in Narusongduo lead-zinc deposit of Tibet:Evidence from magmatic zircon[J].Mineral Deposits,31(4):758~774(in Chinese with English abstract).
Kang Yongfu and Li Chongyou.1991.Geological characteristics,types and distribution of tungsten deposits in China[J].Mineral Deposits,10(1):19~26(in Chinese with English abstract).
Li X F,Wang C Z,Mao W,et al.2014.The fault-controlled skarn W-Mo polymentallic mineralization during the main India-Eurasia collision:Example form Hahaigang deposit of Gangdese metallogenic belt of Tibet[J].Ore Geology Reviews,58:27~40.
Li Yingxu,Xie Yuling,Chen Wei,et al.2011.U-Pb age and geochemical characteristics of zircon in monnzogranite porphyry from Qiagong deposit,Tibet,and geological implication[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,27(7):2 023~2 033(in Chinese with English abstract).
Lu Huanzhang,Fan Hongrui,Ni Pei,et al.2004.Fluid Inclusion[M].Beijing:Science Press,406~419(in Chinese).
Luo Mei,Pan Fengchu,Li Juchu,et al.2014.Metallogenic series study of ore deposits in the Tibet Qiangtang-Sanjiang district[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,88(12):2 556~2 571(in Chinese with English abstract).
Mao Jingwen,Xie Guiqing,Guo Chunli,et al.2007.Large-scale tungsten-tin mineralization in the Nanling region,South China:Metallogenic ages and corresponding geodynamic processes[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,23(10):2 329~2 338(in Chinese with English abstract).
Roedder E.1984.Fluid Inclusions[M].Mineralogical Society of America,Reviews in Mineralogy,12:1~644.
Tang Juxing,Wang Denghong,Wang Xiongwu,et al.2010.Geological features and metallogenic model of the Jiama copper-polymetallic deposit in Tibet[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,31(4):495~506(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang R,Richards J P,Hou Z Q,et al.2014a.Increased magmatic water content-the key to Oligo-Miocene porphyry Cu-Mo±Au formation in the eastern Gangdese belt,Tibet[J].Economic Geology,109:1 315~1 339.
Wang R,Richards J P,Hou Z Q,et al.2014b.Increasing magmatic oxidation state from Paleocene to Miocene in the Eastern Gangdese Belt,Tibet:implication for collision-related porphyry Cu-Mo±Au mineralization[J].Economic Geology,109:1 943~1 965.
Wang Xudong,Ni Pei,Jiang Shaoyong,et al.2008.Fluid inclusion study on the Piaotang tungsten deposit,Southern Jiangxi Province,China[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,24(9):2 163~2 170(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang Xudong,Ni Pei,Yuan Shunda,et al.2013.Fluid inclusion studies of Dajishan tungsten deposit in Jiangxi Province[J].Mineral Deposits,32(2):308~322(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang Zhihua,Wang Keqiang,Yu Wanqiang,et al.2006a.Re-Os isotopic ages of tungsten-molybdenum(bismuth)poly-metallic ore deposit in the Jiagang snowy mountain,Shenzha County,Tibet and the implications[J].Geology of Anhui,16(2):112~116(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang Zhihua,Wu Xingquan,Wang Keqiang,et al.2006b.Geochemical characteristics of the Garuo monzogranite in the Jaggang Xueshan W-Mo(-Bi)district,southwestern Xainza,Tibet,China[J].Geological Bulletin of China,25(12):1 487~1 491(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wei W F,Hu R Z,Bi X W,et al.2012.Infrared microthermometric and stable isotopic study of fluid inclusions in wolframite at the Xihuashan tungsten deposit,Jiangxi province,China[J].Miner Deposita,47:589~605.
Xu Xiaoqin.2013.Geological features and prospecting potential of the Na'a W deposit in Zayü,Tibet[J].Acta Geologica Sichuan,33(2):177~180(in Chinese with English abstract).
Yang Zhiming,Hou Zengqian,Song Yucai,et al.2008.Qulong superlarge porphyry Cu deposit in Tibet:Geology,alteration and mineralization[J].Mineral Deposits,27(3):279~318(in Chinese with English abstract).
Yang Z M,Hou Z Q,White N C,et al.2009.Geology of the post-collisional porphyry copper-molybdenum deposit at Qulong,Tibet[J].Ore Geology Reviews,36:133~159.
Yang Z M,Lu Y J,Hou Z Q,et al.2015.High-Mg diorite from Qulong in southern Tibet:implications for the genesis of adakite-like intrusions and associated porphyry Cu deposits in collisional orogens[J].Journal of Petrology,56(2):227~254.
Yang Zhiming,Xie Yuling,Li Guangming,et al.2005.Study of fluid inclusions from Tinggong porphyry copper deposit in Gangdese belt,Tibet[J].Mineral Deposits,24(6):584~594(in Chinese with English abstract).
Yin A and Harrison T M.2000.Geologic evolution of the Himalayan Tibetan Orogen[J].Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences,28:211~280.
Yu Yushuai,Yang Zhusen,Duo Ji,et al.2011.Age and petrogenesis of magmatic rocks from Jiaduobule skarn Fe-Cu deposit in Tibet:Evidence from zircon SHRIMP U-Pb dating,Hf isotope and REE[J].Mineral Deposits,30(3):420~434(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang Ligang.1985.Hydrogen,oxygen,sulfur and carbon isotope geochemistry of the Lianhuashan porphyry type tungsten deposit[J].Mineral Deposits,4(1):54~63(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhao Xiaoyan,Yang Zhusen,Hou Zengqian,et al.2013.Petrogenesis of diabase porphyrite in Bangpu deposit of Tibet and its instructions to the regional tectonic and magmatic evolution[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,29(11):3 767~3 778(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhao Xiaoyan,Yang Zhusen,Liu Yingchao,et al.2015.Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf isotope compositions of porphyritic monzogranite and Rb-Sr isochron age of sphalerite-pyrite at the Bangpu porphyry-skarn deposit[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,89(3):522~533(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhao X Y,Yang Z S,Zheng Y C,et al.2015.Geology and genesis of the post-collisional porphyry-skarn deposit at Bangpu,Tibet[J].Ore Geology Reviews,70:486~509.
Zheng Y C,Fu Q,Hou Z Q,et al.2015.Metallogeny of the northeastern Gangdese Pb-Zn-Ag-Fe-Mo-W polymetallic belt in the Lhasa terrane,southern Tibet[J].Ore Geology Reviews,70:510~532.
Zheng Y C,Hou Z Q,Gong Y L,et al.2014.Petrogenesis of Cretaceous adakite-like intrusions of the Gangdese Plutonic Belt,southern Tibet:Implications for mid-ocean ridge subduction and crustal growth[J].Lithos,190:240~263.
Zheng Y C,Hou Z Q,Li Q Y,et al.2012a.Origin of Late Oligocene adakitic intrusives in the southeastern Lhasa terrane,evidence from in situ zircon U-Pb dating,Hf-O isotopes,and whole-rock geochemistry[J].Lithos,148:296~311.
Zheng Y C,Hou Z Q,Li W,et al.2012b.Petrogenesis and geological implications of the Oligocene Chongmuda-Mingze adakite-like intrusions and their mafic enclaves,southern Tibet[J].Journal of Geology,120:647~669.
Zhu D C,Zhao Z D,Niu Y L,et al.2011.The Lhasa Terrane:record of a microcontinent and its histories of drift and growth[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,301:241~255.
Zhu D C,Zhao Z D,Niu Y L,et al.2013.The origin and pre-Cenozoic evolution of the Tibetan Plateau[J].Gondwana Research,23(4):1 429~1 454.
杜等虎,杨志明,李秋耘,等.2012.西藏厅宫矿区始新世斑岩的厘定及其地质意义[J].矿床地质,31(4):745~757.
杜等虎,杨志明,刘云飞,等.2015.西藏厅宫斑岩铜矿床地质、蚀变及矿化特征研究[J].岩石矿物学杂志,34(4):447~474.
丰成友,黄凡,曾载淋,等.2011.赣南九龙脑岩体及洪水寨云英岩型钨矿年代学[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),41(1):111~121.
付强,黄克贤,郑远川,等.2015.西藏蒙亚啊铅锌矿床矽卡岩型矿体白云母Ar-Ar年代学研究及其地球动力学意义[J].地质学报,89(3):569~582.
付强,杨竹森,郑远川,等.2013.加拉普铁矿区花岗闪长岩锆石U-Pb年龄、Hf同位素及地球化学研究[J].矿床地质,32(3):564~578.
付强,杨竹森,郑远川,等.2014.西藏龙马拉Cu-Fe-Pb-Zn多金属矿床金云母Ar-Ar定年及其地球动力学意义[J].岩石矿物学杂志,33(2):283~293.
葛良胜,邹依林,邢俊兵,等.2004.西藏冈底斯地块北部甲岗雪山钨钼铜金多金属矿产地的发现及意义[J].地质通报,23(9~10):1 033~1 039.
侯增谦,吕庆田,王安建,等.2003.初论陆-陆碰撞与成矿作用---以青藏高原造山带为例[J].矿床地质,22(4):319~333.
侯增谦,莫宣学,杨志明,等.2006a.青藏高原碰撞造山带成矿作用:构造背景、时空分布和主要类型[J].中国地质,33(2):340~351.
侯增谦,潘桂棠,王安建,等.2006c.青藏高原碰撞造山带:Ⅱ.晚碰撞转换成矿作用[J].矿床地质,25(5):521~543.
侯增谦,曲晓明,杨竹森,等.2006d.青藏高原碰撞造山带:Ⅲ.后碰撞伸展成矿作用[J].矿床地质,25(6):629~651.
侯增谦,杨竹森,徐文艺,等.2006b.青藏高原碰撞造山带:Ⅰ.主碰撞造山成矿作用[J].矿床地质,25(4):337~358.
黄克贤,郑远川,张松,等.2012.西藏亚贵拉矿区两期岩体LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年及地质意义[J].岩石矿物学杂志,31(3):348~360.
纪现华,杨竹森,于玉帅,等.2012.西藏纳如松多铅锌矿床成矿岩体形成机制:岩浆锆石证据[J].矿床地质,31(4):758~774.
康永孚,李崇佑.1991.中国钨矿床地质特征、类型及其分布[J].矿床地质,10(1):19~26.
李应栩,谢玉玲,陈伟,等.2011.西藏恰功铁矿二长花岗斑岩锆石的U-Pb年代学与地球化学特征及意义[J].岩石学报,27(7):2 023~2 033.
卢焕章,范宏瑞,倪培,等.2004.流体包裹体[M].北京:科学出版社,406~419.
罗梅,潘凤雏,李巨初,等.2014.西藏羌塘-三江区金属矿床成矿系列研究[J].地质学报,88(12):2 556~2 571.
毛景文,谢桂青,郭春丽,等.2007.南岭地区大规模钨锡多金属成矿作用:成矿时限及地球动力学背景[J].岩石学报,23(10):2 329~2 338.
唐菊兴,王登红,汪雄武,等.2010.西藏甲玛铜多金属矿矿床地质特征及其矿床模型[J].地球学报,31(4):495~506.
王旭东,倪培,蒋少涌,等.2008.赣南漂塘钨矿流体包裹体研究[J].岩石学报,24(9):2 163~2 170.
王旭东,倪培,袁顺达,等.2013.江西大吉山钨多金属矿床流体包裹体研究[J].矿床地质,32(2):308~322.
王治华,王科强,喻万强,等.2006a.西藏申扎县甲岗雪山钨钼(铋)多金属矿床的Re-Os同位素年龄及其意义[J].安徽地质,16(2):112~116.
王治华,吴兴泉,王科强,等.2006b.西藏申扎西南部甲岗雪山钨钼(铋)矿区嘎若二长花岗岩体的地球化学特征[J].地质通报,25(12):1 487~1 491.
徐小勤.2013.西藏察隅县那阿钨床成矿地质特征与找矿前景[J].四川地质学报,33(2):177~180.
杨志明,侯增谦,宋玉财,等.2008.西藏驱龙超大型斑岩铜矿床:地质、蚀变与成矿[J].矿床地质,27(3):279~318.
杨志明,谢玉玲,李光明,等.2005.西藏冈底斯斑岩铜矿带厅宫铜矿床流体包裹体研究[J].矿床地质,24(6):584~594.
于玉帅,杨竹森,多吉,等.2011.西藏加多捕勒铁铜矿成矿岩体时代与成因:锆石U-Pb年龄、Hf同位素与稀土元素证据[J].矿床地质,30(3):420~434.
张理刚.1985.莲花山斑岩型钨矿床的氢、氧、硫、碳和铅同位素地球化学[J].矿床地质,4(1):54~63.
赵晓燕,杨竹森,侯增谦,等.2013.西藏邦铺矿区辉绿玢岩成因及对区域构造岩浆演化的指示[J].岩石学报,29(11):3 767~3 778.
赵晓燕,杨竹森,刘英超,等.2015.西藏邦铺斑岩矽卡岩矿床二长花岗斑岩Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf同位素及闪锌矿黄铁矿Rb-Sr等时线年龄研究[J].地质学报,89(3):522~533.
(1)程立人,王天武,徐锋,等.2002.中华人民共和国1∶25万申扎县幅地质图.吉林大学地质调查院.