一种特殊类型的云英岩:湘南香花岭地区癞子岭云英岩成岩成矿特征
|
摘要
癞子岭岩体具有极好的垂向分带性,从下部到顶部包括了花岗岩、云英岩和伟晶岩,其中云英岩以其厚度巨大,云母类型属于铁锂云母,黄玉含量高,W-Sn-Nb-Ta含量高,而区别于其他地区云英岩。通过对癞子岭云英岩进行岩石学、地球化学和矿物学的研究,本文得出:癞子岭云英岩是高硅的强过铝质岩石类型,全碱含量低(3~4.3 wt%),富集挥发组分,全岩Zr/Hf(~8)和Nb/Ta(~1.7)比值低。造岩矿物铁锂云母中Nb(~74×10~(-6))、Ta(~66×10~(-6))、W(~23×10~(-6))、Sn(~75×10~(-6))等成矿元素含量较高。副矿物锆石自形且成分均一,含有HfO_2约10 wt%,Zr/Hf比值最低为5,与云英岩下部的癞子岭钠长花岗岩中的锆石成分有连续过渡的关系。这些特征与南岭地区高演化稀有金属花岗岩或伟晶岩相当,体现了相近的演化程度。癞子岭云英岩中有明显的Nb-Ta-W-Sn成矿作用发生,主要形成铌铁矿族矿物、锡石和黑钨矿,成分和结构均具有岩浆成因特征。花岗质熔体中含有大量挥发组分Li和F,结晶出黄玉和Li-F云母,F在稀有金属的成矿作用和云英岩的成岩过程中发挥了非常重要的作用,成矿作用发生在岩浆演化的晚期并伴随有流体作用。因此,云英岩可能是钠长花岗岩高度分异演化之后的特殊产物,这为研究花岗岩岩浆-热液体系成岩成矿过程提供了新的窗口。
The Laiziling granitic pluton comprises three rock phases with a pronounced vertical lithological zonation,granite,greisen and pegmatite from base to top.Greisen from the Laiziling granitic pluton is characterized by its huge thickness,micas belonging to the zinnwaldite,high abundance of topaz and high W-Sn-Nb-Ta concentration.Petrological,geochemical and mineralogical studies have been carried out on the Laiziling greisen.It is concluded that the Laiziling greisen is a peraluminous rock with high silicon content,low content of total alkali(3-4.3 wt%),Zr/Hf(~8)and Nb/Ta(~1.7)ratios,and enrichment of the volatiles.Micas in the Laiziling greisen are classified into zinnwaldite,and LA-ICP-MS analysis results indicate they have high content of Nb(~74×10~(-6)),Ta(~66×10~(-6)),W(~23×10~(-6))and Sn(~75×10~(-6))concentrations.Zircons in the Laiziling greisen are commonly euhedral and homogeneous and contain high HfO_2(~10 wt%)content,and Zr/Hf ratio as low as 5.The compositions of zircon display a successive change compared with those from the Laiziling albite granite.These chemical characteristics of the greisen are similar to those of highly fractionated rare-metal granites and pegmatites in the Nanling Range with similar fractionation degree.Columbite-group minerals,cassiterite and wolframite are found in the Laiziling greisen,suggesting the obvious W-Sn-Nb-Ta mineralization.Both mineral textures and chemical compositions indicate these oxide minerals formed in the magmatic stage.Granitic magma contains high concentrations of volatiles(Li and F),which play a very important role in the petrogenesis and the rare-metal mineralization of greisen.Li and F were incorporated into the Li-F mica and topaz and rare metal mineralization formed in the late stage of magmatism enriched in large amount of fluid.Consequently,greisen could probably be the product by the strong fractionation and fluid activity after the albite granite formed in the same granitic chamber.The results should open a new window for understanding the petrogenesis and rare-metal mineralization in the granitic magmatic-hydrothermal system.
The Laiziling granitic pluton comprises three rock phases with a pronounced vertical lithological zonation,granite,greisen and pegmatite from base to top.Greisen from the Laiziling granitic pluton is characterized by its huge thickness,micas belonging to the zinnwaldite,high abundance of topaz and high W-Sn-Nb-Ta concentration.Petrological,geochemical and mineralogical studies have been carried out on the Laiziling greisen.It is concluded that the Laiziling greisen is a peraluminous rock with high silicon content,low content of total alkali(3-4.3 wt%),Zr/Hf(~8)and Nb/Ta(~1.7)ratios,and enrichment of the volatiles.Micas in the Laiziling greisen are classified into zinnwaldite,and LA-ICP-MS analysis results indicate they have high content of Nb(~74×10~(-6)),Ta(~66×10~(-6)),W(~23×10~(-6))and Sn(~75×10~(-6))concentrations.Zircons in the Laiziling greisen are commonly euhedral and homogeneous and contain high HfO_2(~10 wt%)content,and Zr/Hf ratio as low as 5.The compositions of zircon display a successive change compared with those from the Laiziling albite granite.These chemical characteristics of the greisen are similar to those of highly fractionated rare-metal granites and pegmatites in the Nanling Range with similar fractionation degree.Columbite-group minerals,cassiterite and wolframite are found in the Laiziling greisen,suggesting the obvious W-Sn-Nb-Ta mineralization.Both mineral textures and chemical compositions indicate these oxide minerals formed in the magmatic stage.Granitic magma contains high concentrations of volatiles(Li and F),which play a very important role in the petrogenesis and the rare-metal mineralization of greisen.Li and F were incorporated into the Li-F mica and topaz and rare metal mineralization formed in the late stage of magmatism enriched in large amount of fluid.Consequently,greisen could probably be the product by the strong fractionation and fluid activity after the albite granite formed in the same granitic chamber.The results should open a new window for understanding the petrogenesis and rare-metal mineralization in the granitic magmatic-hydrothermal system.
引文
陈宝泉.2008.福建南平西坑铌钽矿区玉帝庵矿段含矿伟晶岩特征[J].福建地质,27(3):281-288.
陈骏,陆建军,陈卫峰,等.2008.南岭地区钨锡铌钽花岗岩及其成矿作用[J].高校地质学报,14(4):459-473.
董少花,毕献武,胡瑞忠,等.2011.湖南瑶岗仙石英脉型黑钨矿床成矿流体特征[J].矿物岩石,31(2):54-60.
古林.2009.荡坪钨矿九西矿区云英岩型钨矿床生产期探矿实践[J].有色金属科学与工程,23(1):4-6.
郭春丽,蔺志永,王登红,等.2008.赣南淘锡坑钨多金属矿床花岗岩和云英岩岩石特征及云英岩中白云母40Ar/39Ar定年[J].地质学报,82(9):1274-1284.
郭文魁.1983.西华山钨矿床的金属矿化作用:一个与岩浆后期渗浸相联系的热液脉矿的实例[J].矿床地质,2(2):1-14.
胡欢,王汝成,张爱铖,等.2003.江西雅山黄玉锂云母花岗岩中铯矿物的电子探针研究[J].地球化学,32(1):63-75.
胡受奚,叶瑛,方长泉.2004.交代蚀变岩岩石学及其找矿意义[M].北京:地质出版社.
李胜虎,李建康,张德会,等.2015.广西栗木钽铌锡多金属矿床的成矿流体演化及其对成矿过程的制约[J].岩石学报,31(4):954-966.
毛景文,李红艳,Guy B,等.1996.湖南柿竹园矽卡岩-云英岩型W-Sn-Mo-Bi矿床地质和成矿作用[J].矿床地质,15(1):1-15.
沈敢富.1994.湘南香花铺云英伟晶岩研探[J].地质论评,40(4):296-307.
王汾连,赵太平,陈伟.2012.铌钽矿研究进展和攀西地区铌钽矿成因初探[J].矿床地质,31(2):293-308.
王汝成,谢磊,陆建军,等.2017.南岭及邻区中生代含锡花岗岩的多样性:显著的矿物特征差异[J].中国科学(D辑),47(11):1257-1268.
王旭东,倪培,袁顺达,等.2012.江西黄沙石英脉型钨矿床流体包裹体研究[J].岩石学报,28(1):122-132.
王雅静.1992.广西花山锡石云英岩型矿床包裹体地球化学特征及其地质找矿意义[J].矿产与地质,6(6):454-459.
王幼明,段嘉瑞,周崇智.1994.香花岭岩浆底辟伸展构造及其控矿的研究[J].矿产与地质,8(2):88-92.
文春华,罗小亚,李胜苗.2016.湖南道县正冲稀有金属矿床云英岩地球化学特征及对成矿的约束[J].桂林理工大学学报,36(1):90-98.
吴胜华,戴盼,王旭东.2016.柿竹园钨多金属矽卡岩-云英岩与铅锌银矿脉C、H、O、Pb同位素地球化学研究[J].矿床地质,35(3)633-647.
熊小林,朱金初,饶冰.1996.黄玉云英岩成因的初步实验研究[J].科学通报,41(10):917-919.
杨超群.1989.柿竹园超大型钨-锡-钼-铋-铍矿床形成的条件[J].矿物岩石地球化学通讯,(4):231-232.
于阿朋,王汝成,朱金初,等.2010.广西花山花岗岩云英岩化分带与锡成矿过程的矿物学研究[J].高校地质学报,16(3):281-293.
喻良桂.2006.钠长石化、锂云母化花岗岩型钽铌矿床特征及其成矿地质规律[J].有色金属(矿山部分),58(3):24-27.
袁忠信,白鸽,杨岳清.1987.稀有金属花岗岩型矿床成因讨论[J].矿床地质,61(1):88-94.
钟江临,李楚平.2006.湖南香花岭矽卡岩型锡矿床地质特征及控矿因素分析[J].矿产与地质,20(2):147-15.
周凤英,朱金初,王汝成.1995.癞子岭黄玉云英岩中流体-熔融包裹体研究——黄玉云英岩成因的探讨[J].矿物学报,15(3):259-264.
朱金初,刘伟新,周凤英.1993.香花岭431岩脉中翁岗岩和黄英岩及空间分带和成因关系[J].岩石学报,9(2):158-166.
朱金初,王汝成,陆建军,等.2011.湘南癞子岭花岗岩体分异演化和成岩成矿[J].高校地质学报,17(3):381-392.
朱金初,吴长年.2000.新疆阿尔泰可可托海3号伟晶岩脉岩浆-热液演化和成因[J].高校地质学报,6(1):40-52.
Ballouard C,Marc Poujol M,Boulvais P,et al.2016.Nb-Ta fractionation in peraluminous granites:a marker of the magmatic-hydrotherma transition[J].Geology,44:231-234.
Beus A A,Severov V A,Sitnin A A,et al.1962.Albitized and Greisenized Granites(apogranites)[M].Moscow:Nauka Press.
Breiter K,VaňkováM,GaliováM V,et al.2017.Lithium and trace-elemen concentrations in trioctahedral micas from granites of differen geochemical types measured via laser ablation ICP-MS[J].Mineralogica Magazine,81(1):15-34.
?ernyP and Ercit T S.2005.The classification of granitic pegmatites revisited[J].The Canadian Mineralogist,43(6):2005-2026.
Che X D,Linnen R L,Wang R C,et al.2013.Tungsten solubility in evolved granitic melts:An evaluation of magmatic wolframite[J].Geochimica e Cosmochimica Acta,106(4):84-98.
David K,Schiano P and Allegre C J.2000.Assessment of the Zr/Hfractionation in oceanic basalts and continental materials during petrogenetic processes[J].Earth&Planetary Science Letters,178(3-4)285-301.
Dingwell D B,Scarfe C M and Cronin D J.1985.The effect of fluorine on viscosities in the system Na2O-Al2O3-SiO2,implications for phonolites trachytes and rhyolites[J].American Mineralogist,70(1-2):80-87.
Dostal J and Chatterjee A K.2000.Contrasting behaviour of Nb/Ta and Zr Hf ratios in a peraluminous granitic pluton(Nova Scotia,Canada)[J]Chemical Geology,163(1):207-218.
Dupuy C,Liotard J M and Dostal J.1992.Zr/Hf fractionation in intraplate basaltic rocks:Carbonate metasomatism in the mantle source[J]Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta,56(6):2417-2423.
Glyuk D S and Anfilogov V N.1973.Phase equilibria in the system granite-H2O-HF at a pressure of 1000 kg/cm2[J].Geochemistry International,10:321-324.
Huang F F,Wang R C,Xie L,et al.2015.Differentiated rare-element mineralization in an ongonite-topazite composite dike at the Xianghualing tin district,Southern China:An electron-microprobe study on the evolution from niobium-tantalum-oxides to cassiterite[J].Ore Geology Reviews,65(4):761-778.
Li J,Huang X L,He P L,et al.2015.In situ analyses of micas in the Yashan granite,South China:Constraints on magmatic and hydrothermal evolutions of W and Ta-Nb bearing granites[J].Ore Geology Reviews,65(4):793-810.
Linnen R L and Cuney M.2005.Granite-related rare-element deposits and experimental constraints on Ta-Nb-W-Sn-Zr-Hf mineralization[J].Journal of Post Keynesian Economics,1(1):6-15.
Linnen R L and Keppler H.2002.Melt composition control of Zr/Hf fractionation in magmatic processes[J].Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta,66(18):3293-3301.
Linnen R L.1998.The solubility of Nb-Ta-Zr-Hf-W in granitic melts with Li and Li+F:Constraints for mineralization in rare metal granites and pegmatites[J].Economic Geology,93(7):1013-1025.
Liu Y,Hu Z,Gao S,et al.2008.In situ analysis of major and trace elements of anhydrous minerals by LA-ICP-MS without applying an internal standard[J].Chemical Geology,257(1-2):34-43.
London D,Morgan G B,Babb H A,et al.1993.Behaviour and effects of phosphorus in the system Na2O-K2O-Al2O3-SiO2-P2O5-H2O at 200MPa(H2O)[J].Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology,113:450-465.
London D and Morgan G B.2017.Experimental crystallization of the macusani Obsidian,with applications to lithium-rich granitic pegmatites[J].Journal of Petrology,58(5):1005-1030.
Manning D A C.1981.The effect of fluorine on liquidus phase relationships in the system Qz-Ab-Or with excess water at 1 kb[J].Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology,76:206-215.
Qi L,Hu J and Conrad D G.2000.Determination of trace elements in granites by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry[J].Talanta,51(3):507-513.
Rao C,Wang R C,Hu H,et al.2009.Complex internal textures in oxide minerals from the Nanping No.31 dyke of granitic pegmatite,Fujian province,Southeastern China[J].Canadian Mineralogist,47(5):1195-1212.
Rieder M,Hybler J,Smr?ok L,et al.1996.Refinement of the crystal structure of zinnwaldite 2M1[J].European Journal of Mineralogy,8(6):1241-1248.
Rosenberg P E.1972.Compositional variations in synthetic topaz[J].American Mineralogist,57:169-187.
Shcherba G N.1970a.Greisens[J].International Geology Review,12(2):114-150.
Shcherba G N.1970b.Greisens(Part 2)[J].International Geology Review,12(3):239-255.
?temprok M,Pivec E and LangrováA.2005.The petrogenesis of a wolframite-bearing greisen in the Vykmanov granite stocks,Western Kru?néhory pluton(Czech Republic)[J].Bulletin of Geosciences,80(3):163-184.
?temprok M.1987.Greisenization(a review)[J].Geologische Rundschau,76(1):169-175.
?temprok M.1990.Solubility of tin,tungsten and molybdenum oxides in felsic magmas[J].Mineralium Deposita,25(3):205-212.
?temprok M.2016.Drill hole CS-1 penetrating the Cinovec/Zinnwald granite cupola(Czech Republic):an A-type granite with important hydrotherma mineralization[J].Journal of Geosciences,61(4):395-423.
Tindle A G and Breaks F W.1998.Oxide minerals of the Separation Rapids rare-element granitic pegmatite group,northwestern Ontario[J]Canadian Mineralogist,36(5):609-635.
Wright J H and Kwak T A P.1989.Tin-bearing greisens of Mount Bischoff northwestern Tasmania,Australia.Econ Geol[J].Economic Geology,84(3):551-574.
Wyllie P J and Tuttle O F.1961.Experimental investigation for silicate systems containing two volatile components.Part II.The effect of NH3and HF in addition to H2O on the melting temperature of albite granite[J]American Journal of Science,259(2):128-143.
Xie L,Wang R C,Groat L A,et al.2015.A combined EMPA and LA-ICP-MS study of Li-bearing mica and Sn-Ti oxide minerals from the Qiguling topaz rhyolite(Qitianling District,China):The role o fluorine in origin of tin mineralization[J].Ore Geology Reviews,65(4)779-792.
Xie L,Wang R C,Che X D,et al.2016.Tracking magmatic and hydrothermal Nb-Ta-W-Sn fractionation using mineral textures and composition:A case study from the late Cretaceous Jiepailing ore district in the Nanling Range in South China[J].Ore Geology Reviews,78:300-321.
Xie L,Wang Z J,Wang R C,et al.2018.Mineralogical constraints on the genesis of W-Nb-Ta mineralization in the Laiziling granite(Xianghualing district,south China)[J].Ore Geology Reviews,95:695-712.
Xiong X L,Rao B,Chen F R,et al.2002.Crystallization and melting experiments of a fluorine-rich leucogranite from the Xianghualing Pluton,South China,at 150 MPa and H2O-saturated conditions[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,21(2):175-188.
Yin L,Pollard P J,Hu S,et al.1995.Geologic and geochemical characteristics of the Yichun Ta-Nb-Li deposit,Jiangxi Province,South China[J].Economic Geology&the Bulletin of the Society of Economic Geologists,90(3):577-585.
Yuan S D,Peng J T,Hu R Z,et al.2008.A precise U-Pb age on cassiterite from the Xianghualing tin-polymetallic deposit(Hunan,South China)[J].Mineralium Deposita,43(4):375-382.
Zaraisky G P,Aksyuk A M,Devyatova V N,et al.2008.Zr/Hf ratio as an indicator of fractionation of rare-metal granites by the example of the Kukulbei complex,eastern Transbaikalia[J].Petrology,16(7):710-736.
Zhu Z Y,Wang R C,Che X D,et al.2015.Magmatic-hydrothermal rare-element mineralization in the Songshugang granite(northeastern Jiangxi,China):Insights from an electron-microprobe study of Nb-Ta-Zr minerals[J].Ore Geology Reviews,65(4):749-760.
陈骏,陆建军,陈卫峰,等.2008.南岭地区钨锡铌钽花岗岩及其成矿作用[J].高校地质学报,14(4):459-473.
董少花,毕献武,胡瑞忠,等.2011.湖南瑶岗仙石英脉型黑钨矿床成矿流体特征[J].矿物岩石,31(2):54-60.
古林.2009.荡坪钨矿九西矿区云英岩型钨矿床生产期探矿实践[J].有色金属科学与工程,23(1):4-6.
郭春丽,蔺志永,王登红,等.2008.赣南淘锡坑钨多金属矿床花岗岩和云英岩岩石特征及云英岩中白云母40Ar/39Ar定年[J].地质学报,82(9):1274-1284.
郭文魁.1983.西华山钨矿床的金属矿化作用:一个与岩浆后期渗浸相联系的热液脉矿的实例[J].矿床地质,2(2):1-14.
胡欢,王汝成,张爱铖,等.2003.江西雅山黄玉锂云母花岗岩中铯矿物的电子探针研究[J].地球化学,32(1):63-75.
胡受奚,叶瑛,方长泉.2004.交代蚀变岩岩石学及其找矿意义[M].北京:地质出版社.
李胜虎,李建康,张德会,等.2015.广西栗木钽铌锡多金属矿床的成矿流体演化及其对成矿过程的制约[J].岩石学报,31(4):954-966.
毛景文,李红艳,Guy B,等.1996.湖南柿竹园矽卡岩-云英岩型W-Sn-Mo-Bi矿床地质和成矿作用[J].矿床地质,15(1):1-15.
沈敢富.1994.湘南香花铺云英伟晶岩研探[J].地质论评,40(4):296-307.
王汾连,赵太平,陈伟.2012.铌钽矿研究进展和攀西地区铌钽矿成因初探[J].矿床地质,31(2):293-308.
王汝成,谢磊,陆建军,等.2017.南岭及邻区中生代含锡花岗岩的多样性:显著的矿物特征差异[J].中国科学(D辑),47(11):1257-1268.
王旭东,倪培,袁顺达,等.2012.江西黄沙石英脉型钨矿床流体包裹体研究[J].岩石学报,28(1):122-132.
王雅静.1992.广西花山锡石云英岩型矿床包裹体地球化学特征及其地质找矿意义[J].矿产与地质,6(6):454-459.
王幼明,段嘉瑞,周崇智.1994.香花岭岩浆底辟伸展构造及其控矿的研究[J].矿产与地质,8(2):88-92.
文春华,罗小亚,李胜苗.2016.湖南道县正冲稀有金属矿床云英岩地球化学特征及对成矿的约束[J].桂林理工大学学报,36(1):90-98.
吴胜华,戴盼,王旭东.2016.柿竹园钨多金属矽卡岩-云英岩与铅锌银矿脉C、H、O、Pb同位素地球化学研究[J].矿床地质,35(3)633-647.
熊小林,朱金初,饶冰.1996.黄玉云英岩成因的初步实验研究[J].科学通报,41(10):917-919.
杨超群.1989.柿竹园超大型钨-锡-钼-铋-铍矿床形成的条件[J].矿物岩石地球化学通讯,(4):231-232.
于阿朋,王汝成,朱金初,等.2010.广西花山花岗岩云英岩化分带与锡成矿过程的矿物学研究[J].高校地质学报,16(3):281-293.
喻良桂.2006.钠长石化、锂云母化花岗岩型钽铌矿床特征及其成矿地质规律[J].有色金属(矿山部分),58(3):24-27.
袁忠信,白鸽,杨岳清.1987.稀有金属花岗岩型矿床成因讨论[J].矿床地质,61(1):88-94.
钟江临,李楚平.2006.湖南香花岭矽卡岩型锡矿床地质特征及控矿因素分析[J].矿产与地质,20(2):147-15.
周凤英,朱金初,王汝成.1995.癞子岭黄玉云英岩中流体-熔融包裹体研究——黄玉云英岩成因的探讨[J].矿物学报,15(3):259-264.
朱金初,刘伟新,周凤英.1993.香花岭431岩脉中翁岗岩和黄英岩及空间分带和成因关系[J].岩石学报,9(2):158-166.
朱金初,王汝成,陆建军,等.2011.湘南癞子岭花岗岩体分异演化和成岩成矿[J].高校地质学报,17(3):381-392.
朱金初,吴长年.2000.新疆阿尔泰可可托海3号伟晶岩脉岩浆-热液演化和成因[J].高校地质学报,6(1):40-52.
Ballouard C,Marc Poujol M,Boulvais P,et al.2016.Nb-Ta fractionation in peraluminous granites:a marker of the magmatic-hydrotherma transition[J].Geology,44:231-234.
Beus A A,Severov V A,Sitnin A A,et al.1962.Albitized and Greisenized Granites(apogranites)[M].Moscow:Nauka Press.
Breiter K,VaňkováM,GaliováM V,et al.2017.Lithium and trace-elemen concentrations in trioctahedral micas from granites of differen geochemical types measured via laser ablation ICP-MS[J].Mineralogica Magazine,81(1):15-34.
?ernyP and Ercit T S.2005.The classification of granitic pegmatites revisited[J].The Canadian Mineralogist,43(6):2005-2026.
Che X D,Linnen R L,Wang R C,et al.2013.Tungsten solubility in evolved granitic melts:An evaluation of magmatic wolframite[J].Geochimica e Cosmochimica Acta,106(4):84-98.
David K,Schiano P and Allegre C J.2000.Assessment of the Zr/Hfractionation in oceanic basalts and continental materials during petrogenetic processes[J].Earth&Planetary Science Letters,178(3-4)285-301.
Dingwell D B,Scarfe C M and Cronin D J.1985.The effect of fluorine on viscosities in the system Na2O-Al2O3-SiO2,implications for phonolites trachytes and rhyolites[J].American Mineralogist,70(1-2):80-87.
Dostal J and Chatterjee A K.2000.Contrasting behaviour of Nb/Ta and Zr Hf ratios in a peraluminous granitic pluton(Nova Scotia,Canada)[J]Chemical Geology,163(1):207-218.
Dupuy C,Liotard J M and Dostal J.1992.Zr/Hf fractionation in intraplate basaltic rocks:Carbonate metasomatism in the mantle source[J]Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta,56(6):2417-2423.
Glyuk D S and Anfilogov V N.1973.Phase equilibria in the system granite-H2O-HF at a pressure of 1000 kg/cm2[J].Geochemistry International,10:321-324.
Huang F F,Wang R C,Xie L,et al.2015.Differentiated rare-element mineralization in an ongonite-topazite composite dike at the Xianghualing tin district,Southern China:An electron-microprobe study on the evolution from niobium-tantalum-oxides to cassiterite[J].Ore Geology Reviews,65(4):761-778.
Li J,Huang X L,He P L,et al.2015.In situ analyses of micas in the Yashan granite,South China:Constraints on magmatic and hydrothermal evolutions of W and Ta-Nb bearing granites[J].Ore Geology Reviews,65(4):793-810.
Linnen R L and Cuney M.2005.Granite-related rare-element deposits and experimental constraints on Ta-Nb-W-Sn-Zr-Hf mineralization[J].Journal of Post Keynesian Economics,1(1):6-15.
Linnen R L and Keppler H.2002.Melt composition control of Zr/Hf fractionation in magmatic processes[J].Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta,66(18):3293-3301.
Linnen R L.1998.The solubility of Nb-Ta-Zr-Hf-W in granitic melts with Li and Li+F:Constraints for mineralization in rare metal granites and pegmatites[J].Economic Geology,93(7):1013-1025.
Liu Y,Hu Z,Gao S,et al.2008.In situ analysis of major and trace elements of anhydrous minerals by LA-ICP-MS without applying an internal standard[J].Chemical Geology,257(1-2):34-43.
London D,Morgan G B,Babb H A,et al.1993.Behaviour and effects of phosphorus in the system Na2O-K2O-Al2O3-SiO2-P2O5-H2O at 200MPa(H2O)[J].Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology,113:450-465.
London D and Morgan G B.2017.Experimental crystallization of the macusani Obsidian,with applications to lithium-rich granitic pegmatites[J].Journal of Petrology,58(5):1005-1030.
Manning D A C.1981.The effect of fluorine on liquidus phase relationships in the system Qz-Ab-Or with excess water at 1 kb[J].Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology,76:206-215.
Qi L,Hu J and Conrad D G.2000.Determination of trace elements in granites by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry[J].Talanta,51(3):507-513.
Rao C,Wang R C,Hu H,et al.2009.Complex internal textures in oxide minerals from the Nanping No.31 dyke of granitic pegmatite,Fujian province,Southeastern China[J].Canadian Mineralogist,47(5):1195-1212.
Rieder M,Hybler J,Smr?ok L,et al.1996.Refinement of the crystal structure of zinnwaldite 2M1[J].European Journal of Mineralogy,8(6):1241-1248.
Rosenberg P E.1972.Compositional variations in synthetic topaz[J].American Mineralogist,57:169-187.
Shcherba G N.1970a.Greisens[J].International Geology Review,12(2):114-150.
Shcherba G N.1970b.Greisens(Part 2)[J].International Geology Review,12(3):239-255.
?temprok M,Pivec E and LangrováA.2005.The petrogenesis of a wolframite-bearing greisen in the Vykmanov granite stocks,Western Kru?néhory pluton(Czech Republic)[J].Bulletin of Geosciences,80(3):163-184.
?temprok M.1987.Greisenization(a review)[J].Geologische Rundschau,76(1):169-175.
?temprok M.1990.Solubility of tin,tungsten and molybdenum oxides in felsic magmas[J].Mineralium Deposita,25(3):205-212.
?temprok M.2016.Drill hole CS-1 penetrating the Cinovec/Zinnwald granite cupola(Czech Republic):an A-type granite with important hydrotherma mineralization[J].Journal of Geosciences,61(4):395-423.
Tindle A G and Breaks F W.1998.Oxide minerals of the Separation Rapids rare-element granitic pegmatite group,northwestern Ontario[J]Canadian Mineralogist,36(5):609-635.
Wright J H and Kwak T A P.1989.Tin-bearing greisens of Mount Bischoff northwestern Tasmania,Australia.Econ Geol[J].Economic Geology,84(3):551-574.
Wyllie P J and Tuttle O F.1961.Experimental investigation for silicate systems containing two volatile components.Part II.The effect of NH3and HF in addition to H2O on the melting temperature of albite granite[J]American Journal of Science,259(2):128-143.
Xie L,Wang R C,Groat L A,et al.2015.A combined EMPA and LA-ICP-MS study of Li-bearing mica and Sn-Ti oxide minerals from the Qiguling topaz rhyolite(Qitianling District,China):The role o fluorine in origin of tin mineralization[J].Ore Geology Reviews,65(4)779-792.
Xie L,Wang R C,Che X D,et al.2016.Tracking magmatic and hydrothermal Nb-Ta-W-Sn fractionation using mineral textures and composition:A case study from the late Cretaceous Jiepailing ore district in the Nanling Range in South China[J].Ore Geology Reviews,78:300-321.
Xie L,Wang Z J,Wang R C,et al.2018.Mineralogical constraints on the genesis of W-Nb-Ta mineralization in the Laiziling granite(Xianghualing district,south China)[J].Ore Geology Reviews,95:695-712.
Xiong X L,Rao B,Chen F R,et al.2002.Crystallization and melting experiments of a fluorine-rich leucogranite from the Xianghualing Pluton,South China,at 150 MPa and H2O-saturated conditions[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,21(2):175-188.
Yin L,Pollard P J,Hu S,et al.1995.Geologic and geochemical characteristics of the Yichun Ta-Nb-Li deposit,Jiangxi Province,South China[J].Economic Geology&the Bulletin of the Society of Economic Geologists,90(3):577-585.
Yuan S D,Peng J T,Hu R Z,et al.2008.A precise U-Pb age on cassiterite from the Xianghualing tin-polymetallic deposit(Hunan,South China)[J].Mineralium Deposita,43(4):375-382.
Zaraisky G P,Aksyuk A M,Devyatova V N,et al.2008.Zr/Hf ratio as an indicator of fractionation of rare-metal granites by the example of the Kukulbei complex,eastern Transbaikalia[J].Petrology,16(7):710-736.
Zhu Z Y,Wang R C,Che X D,et al.2015.Magmatic-hydrothermal rare-element mineralization in the Songshugang granite(northeastern Jiangxi,China):Insights from an electron-microprobe study of Nb-Ta-Zr minerals[J].Ore Geology Reviews,65(4):749-760.